2'-C-Methyladenosine is an inhibitor of hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication. 2'-C-Methyladenosine inhibits HCV replicon and NS5B-catalyzed RNA synthesis with IC50 values of 0.3μM and 1.9 μM, respectively. 2'-C-Methyladenosine also potently inhibits LRV1 in Leishmania guyanensis (Lgy) and Leishmania braziliensis[1][2].
Piperonyl butoxide is a semisynthetic derivative of safrole，used as a component of pesticide formulations. It is a synergist, despite having no pesticidal activity of its own, it enhances the potency of certain pesticides such as Carbamates, Pyrethrins, Pyrethroids, and Rotenone.
N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-aminium chloride (Didecyldimethylammonium chloride) is a dialkyl-quaternary ammonium compound that is used in numerous products for its bactericidal, virucidal and fungicidal properties[1].
Eurycomanol 2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (compound 4) is a natural product that can be obtained from Eurycoma longifolia. Eurycomanol 2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside has the potential for anti-malarial research[1].
Fluconazole (mesylate) is a triazole antifungal drug used in the treatment and prevention of superficial and systemic fungal infections.Target: AntifungalFluconazole (mesylate) is the mesylate salt form of fluconazole, which is a triazole antifungal intended for oral treatment of superficial and systemic mycoses. In tests done in standard mycological media, the compound had minimal inhibitory concentrations against pathogenic Candida species that were usually in excess of 100 mg/l. Fluconazole inhibited branching and hyphal development in C. albicans at concentrations as low as 10(-6) M (0.3 mg/l), but miconazole and ketoconazole were still active in these tests at concentrations 100 times lower than this [1]. Oral fluconazole was not associated with a significantly increased risk of birth defects overall or of 14 of the 15 specific birth defects of previous concern. Fluconazole exposure may confer an increased risk of tetralogy of Fallot [2]. Fluconazole is predicted to be ineffective against Cryptococcus gattii in the koala as a sole therapeutic agent administered at 10 mg/kg p.o. every 12 h [3].Clinical indications: Balanitis; Candida infection; Cryptococcus infection; Cryptococcus neoformans meningitis; Dermatomycosis; Female genital tract infection; Fungal infection; Fungal respiratory tract infection; Fungal urinary tract infection; Prophylaxis; Tinea capitis; Tinea corporis; Tinea cruris; Tinea pedis .Toxicity: Symptoms of overdose include hallucinations and paranoid behavior.
BRD5018 is an antimalarial agent.
Itraconazole-d3 (R51211-d3) is the deuterium labeled Itraconazole (HY-17514)[1].
α-Lipoic Acid is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation.
Kanamycins sulfate is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, can be used in certain severe staphylococcal or Gram-negative bacillary infections. Kanamycin sulfate has certain ototoxicity[1][2].
Colistin methanesulfonate sodium salt exhibits MIC values ranged from 4 to 16 mg/liter against susceptible strains (P. aeruginosa)[1].
Antibiotic PF 1052 is an antibiotic extracted from a natural product library. Antibiotic PF 1052 has an inhibitory effect on murine neutrophil migration[1].
Ombitasvir is a potent inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus protein NS5A, with EC50s of 0.82 to 19.3 pM against HCV genotypes 1 to 5, and 366 pM against genotype 6a.
Tulathromycin A is a macrolide antibiotic.IC50 Value: 1 microg/ml (MIC90 for Pasteurella multocida) [2]Target: Antibacterialin vitro: Two highly pathogenic strains of M. bovis (with minimum inhibitory concentration values for tulathromycin of 1 and >64 microg/ml) were inoculated into 145 calves. Four days after inoculation, calves with clinical BRD were treated subcutaneously with saline or tulathromycin (2.5 mg/kg). Compared with saline, BRD-related withdrawals, peak rectal temperatures, and lung lesion scores were significantly lower for tulathromycin-treated calves (P < .01). Tulathromycin was highly effective in the treatment of BRD due to M. bovis in calves regardless of the minimum inhibitory concentration of the challenge strain (1 or >64 microg/ml) [1]. The lowest concentrations inhibiting the growth of 90% of isolates (MIC90) for tulathromycin were 2 microg/ml for Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica, 1 microg/ml for Pasteurella multocida (bovine), and 2 microg/ml for Pasteurella multocida (porcine) and ranged from 0.5 to 4 microg/ml for Histophilus somni (Haemophilus somnus) and from 4 to 16 microg/ml for Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae [2]. in vivo: Each study randomly allocated 250 calves to receivetulathromycin at 2.5 mg/kg and 250 calves to receive either tilmicosin at 10 mg/kg (Colorado site) or florfenicol at 40 mg/kg (Idaho and Texas sites) on arrival at the feedlot. Calves were housed by treatment group in pens with 50 calves/pen [3]. The treatment groups were physiologic saline (n = 160) given SC at 0.02 ml/kg, tulathromycin (n = 320) given SC at 2.5 mg/kg, and tilmicosin (n = 320) given SC at 10 mg/kg [4].Tulathromycin is a triamilide antimicrobial that has been approved for use in the treatment and prevention of bovine respiratory disease and the treatment of swine respiratory disease. Toxicity: No adverse events related to tulathromycin were reported [4].Clinical trial:
2-Phenylethanol (Phenethyl alcohol), extracted from rose, carnation, hyacinth, Aleppo pine, orange blossom and other organisms, is a colourless liquid that is slightly soluble in water. It has a pleasant floral odor and also an autoantibiotic produced by the fungus Candida albicans[1]. It is used as an additive in cigarettes and also used as a preservative in soaps due to its stability in basic conditions.
Diethofencarb is a fungicide with strong activity against Botrytis cinerea and Benzimidazole-resistant strains of Botryis spp. Diethofencarb has a role as an antifungal agrochemical[1].
Maximin 8 is a antimicrobial peptide that can be found in B. maxima[1].
Isonardoperoxide is a potent antimalaria agent with an EC50 of 0.6 μM for Plasnwdium fulciparum malaria[1].
Bombolitin III is an antimicrobial peptide derived from bumblebee venom. Bombolitin III can lysate erythrocyte and liposome[1].
Citric acid triammonium (Triammonium citrate) is formed by Citric acid (HY-N1428) reacting with ammonia in a molar ratio of 1:3. Citric acid triammonium can be used as the carbon source to prepare carbon quantum dots (CDs). Citric acid triammonium with higher nitrogen components might promote the nitrogen-based functional groups in CDs, leading to a more efficient emission-color tunability[1][2].
MK-5204 is an orally active β-1,3-glucan synthesis inhibitor.
Lugdunin is an antibiotic peptide. Lugdunin inhibits bacteria by dissipating their membrane potential. Lugdunin is active against Gram-positive bacteria, such as S. aureus, and reduces S. aureus skin and nasal colonization. Lugdunin induces LL-37 and CXCL8/MIP-2 in human keratinocytes and mouse skin[1].
6-O-Methylcatalpol can be isolated from the roots of Scrophularia ningpoensis. 6-O-Methylcatalpol has anti-protozoal activity against Trypanosoma b. rhodesiense and Leishmania donovani (IC50: 32.5 and 8.3 μg/mL)[1][2].
Kushenol W is a prenylated flavonoid that can be isolated from the root of Sophora flavescens. Kushenol W has antimicrobial effect, with a MIC of 10 μg/mL for Staphylococcus aureus[1].
2-Undecanone is a volatile organic compound, which inhibits the DnaKJE-ClpB bichaperone dependent refolding of heat-inactivated bacterial luciferases. 2-Undecanone inhibits lung tumorigenesis[1][2].
OGDA is a green fluorescent D-amino acid. OGDA is suitable for labeling peptidoglycan in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria[1].
Holomycin is a secondary metabolite of the dithiolopyrrolone class. Holomycin also is a broad spectrum antibiotic. Holomycin has antitumor activity and can act in vivo on RNA synthesis[1].
Gemifloxacin, a fluoroquinolone, is a potent and orally active antipneumococcal agent. Gemifloxacin shows bactericidal activity against highly quinolone-resistant pneumococci.Gemifloxacin can be used for the research of respiratory infections, such as community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (AECB)[1][2].
Nav1.8-IN-4 (compound 9a) is a Nav1.8 channel inhibitor (IC50=0.014 μM). Nav1.8-IN-4 can be used for research on pain-related diseases[1].
HSV-1/HSV-2-IN-1 (compound 7d) is a HSV-1 and HSV-2 inhibitor, with EC50s of 7.6, 7.6, 4, and 12 μM for HSV-1 (KOS), HSV-2 (G), HSV-1 TK- KOS ACVr and vaccinia virus in human embryonic lung fibroblast cell cultures[1].
(E)-Coniferin is the isomer of Coniferin. Coniferin is a glucoside of coniferyl alcohol. Coniferin inhibits fungal growth and melanization[1].