Geraniin is a TNF-α releasing inhibitor with numerous activities including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-hyperglycemic activities, with an IC50 of 43 μM.
N4-Acetylcytidine is an endogenous metabolite.
3-Methyladipic acid is the final metabolite in the ω-oxidation pathway.
18:0,22:6 PS sodium is a lipid component of synaptic vesicles and cholesterol, which can be used for metabolic research[1].
(24R)-MC 976 is a Vitamin D3 derivative.
GPR40 agonist 5 (compound I-14) is an orally active and potent GPR40 (G protein coupled receptor 40) agonist, with an EC50 of 47 nM. GPR40 agonist 5 decreases the levels of blood glucose and improves the glucose tolerance. GPR40 agonist 5 has sufficient effectiveness for the control of hyperglycemia state in type 2 diabetic mice[1].
Terbufibrol has been shown highly active in reducing serum total cholesterol (TC) levels in the normal and hypercholesterolemic male rat.
Dextromilnacipran (F2696; (1R,2S)-milnacipran), an enantiomer of milnacipran, is a selective serotonin and norepinephrine (5-HT/NE) reuptake inhibitor. Dextromilnacipran also is a human alpha-adrenergic receptor antagonist, with an IC50 of 3.4 μM. (patent WO2013014263A1).
α-Glucosidase (α-D-Glucosidase), a carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzyme, catalyzes the liberation of α-glucose from the non-reducing end of the substrate. α-Glucosidase can facilitate the absorption of glucose by the small intestine. Inhibition of α-Glucosidase is an effective management of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)[1][2].
ST247 a potent PPARβ/δ inverse agonist. ST247 has a higher affinity to PPARβ/δ. ST247 modulates expression of the activation marker CCL2 in the opposite direction. ST247 efficiently induces the interaction with corepressors. ST247 inhibits the agonist-induced transcriptional activity of PPARβ/δ[1].
Tetrahydrofolic acid-d4 (L-5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrofolic acid-d4) is the deuterium labeled Tetrahydrofolic acid. Tetrahydrofolic acid (L-5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrofolic acid) is the biologically active vitamin B9 folate derivative. Tetrahydrofolic acid is a donor of one-carbon groups for amino acids, nucleic acids, and lipids. Tetrahydrofolic acid serves as an acceptor of free formaldehyde, producing 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate-Tetrahydrofolic acid[1][2].
Syringaldehyde is a polyphenolic compound belonging to the group of flavonoids and is found in different plant species like Manihot esculenta and Magnolia officinalis[1]. Syringaldehyde moderately inhibits COX-2 activity with an IC50 of 3.5 μg/mL[2]. Anti-hyperglycemic and anti-inflammatory activities[1].
Procyanidin B-5 3,3'-di-O-gallate is a potent inhibitor of squalene epoxidase with an IC50 of 0.55 μM. Procyanidin B-5 3,3'-di-O-gallate reduces cholesterol by inhibiting squalene epoxidase activity[1].
Epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine is an N(6)-acyl-L-lysine derivative. The enzyme tissue transglutaminase (tTg) helps the formation of epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine bonds between ECM components in some disease, such as non-diabetic kidney, glaucoma filtration[1].
Cetilistat impurity 1 is an impurity of Cetilistat. Cetilistat, an inhibitor of pancreatic lipase, acts as an effective anti-obesity agent. Cetilistat inhibits rat and human pancreatic lipase activity with IC50s of 54.8 nM, and 5.95 nM, respectively[1].
(R)-5-Hydroxy-1,7-diphenyl-3-heptanone is a diarylheptanoid that can be found in Alpinia officinarum. (R)-5-Hydroxy-1,7-diphenyl-3-heptanone ameliorates oxidative stress and insulin resistance via activation of Nrf2/ARE pathway[1].
TP0463518 is a potent hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) inhibitor with a Ki value of 5.3 nM for human PHD2. TP0463518 also inhibits human PHD1/PHD3 with IC50s of 18 and 63 nM as well as monkey PHD2 with an IC50 value of 22 nM[1].
(-)-Fucose-13C is the 13C labeled (-)-Fucose. (-)-Fucose is classified as a member of the hexoses, plays a role in A and B blood group antigen substructure determination, selectin-mediated leukocyte-endothelial adhesion, and host-microbe interacti[1]
Dnp-PLAYWAR is a fluorogenic substrate for matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) and MMP-26.The activity of MMP-8 and MMP-26 can be quantified by measuring tryptophan fluorescence that is unquenched upon peptide hydrolysis that removes the N-terminal dinitro
Dim16 is a dual PCSK9/HMG-CoAR inhibitor, with an IC50 value of 19 nM for PCSK9. Dim16 inhibits PCSK9-LDLR binding with an IC50 value of 0.8 nM. Dim16 increases LDL uptake in HepG2 cells[1].
GLP-1 receptor agonist 9 is a GLP-1 receptor agonist, example 7, extracted from WO2020234726 A1[1].
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH) is a citric acid or tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme, is often used in biochemical studies. Isocitrate dehydrogenase catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate and reduces NAD(P)+ to NAD(P)H, it plays important roles in cellular metabolism[1].
Hydrocotarnine is a Cbl inhibitor, and results in inflammasome-mediated IL-18 secretion in colitis. Hydrocotarnine increases expression of GLUT1 and cellular glucose uptake in glycolytic metabolism. Hydrocotarnine acts as an agent that provides analgesic effect in cancer research[1][2][3].
L-Leucine-13C6,15N is the 13C- and 15N-labeled L-Leucine. L-Leucine is an essential branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), which activates the mTOR signaling pathway[1].
DO34 is a highly potent, selective and centrally active diacylglycerol lipase (DAGL) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 6 nM for DAGLα conversion of SAG to 2-AG, and an IC50 for DAGLβ.
[Arg-15,-20,-21,Leu17]-PACAP-Gly-Lys-Arg-NH2 (BM-PACAP) is a synthetic PACAP 1-27 (HY-P0176) analogue with relaxant effect[1].
CMP-Sialic acid (CMP-Neu5Ac) is an allosteric inhibitor of UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase. CMP-Sialic acid provides a substrate for Golgi sialyltransferases. CMP-Sialic acid is an important sugar nucleotide for biosynthesis of sialic acid and its conjugates[1].
Lacnotuzumab (MCS110) is a neutralizing humanized IgG1/κ monoclonal antibody targeting CSF-1 that prevents CSF-1 from activating the CSF-1R. Lacnotuzumab can be used for the research of pigmented villonodular synovitis[1][2].
Paeonoside is a bioactive compound identified in P. suffruticosa that promotes wound healing and migration in osteoblast differentiation. Paeonoside has also been reported to have some antidiabetic activity and may prevent sepsis-induced lethality[1].
Menin-MLL inhibitor 19, a potent exo-aza spiro inhibitor of menin-mll interaction, example A17, extracted from patent WO2019120209A1. Menin-MLL inhibitor 19 can be used for the reseaech of various diseases, such as cancer, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and diabetes[1].