Kynuramine, an endogenously occurring amine, is a fluorescent substrate and probe of plasma amine oxidase[1][2].
DL-Alanine-3-13C is the 13C-labeled DL-Alanine. DL-alanine, an amino acid, is the racemic compound of L- and D-alanine. DL-alanine is employed both as a reducing and a capping agent, used with silver nitrate aqueous solutions for the production of nanoparticles. DL-alanine can be used for the research of transition metals chelation, such as Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(11). DL-alanine, a sweetener, is classed together with glycine, and sodium saccharin. DL-alanine plays a key role in the glucose-alanine cycle between tissues and liver[1][2][3][4][5][6].
Fasiglifam (TAK-875) hemihydrate is a potent, selective and orally active GPR40 agonist with EC50 of 72 nM. Fasiglifam enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion and improves hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetic rats. Fasiglifam can induce liver injury[1][2][3][4].
SNT-207707 is a selective, potent and orally active melanocortin MC-4 receptor antagonist with an IC50 of 8 nM (binding) and 5 nM (function) on the MC-4 receptor.
Naveglitazar (LY519818) is a nonthiozolidinedione peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α-γ dual, γ-dominant agonist that has shown glucose-lowering potential in animal models[1].
Hydroaurantiogliocladin is a quinol. Hydroaurantiogliocladin can be used as substrate for the quinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase activity (beef heart enzyme)[1].
L-Histidine-13C6,15N3 (H-His-OH-13C6,15N3) hydrochloride hydrate is the 13C- and 15N-labeled L-Histidine hydrochloride hydrate. L-Histidine hydrochloride hydrate (H-His-OH.HCl.H2O) is an endogenous metabolite.
YK11 is a partial agonist of androgen receptor, with osteogenic activity.
PTP1B-IN-8 is a potent and selective potent protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP1B) inhibitor extracted from patent CN103626692A, example 1[1].
L-2-Aminooxy-3-phenylpropanoic acid hydrobromide is a potent inhibitor of L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase[1].
2,6-Dihydroxyacetophenone is an endogenous metabolite.
Tesofensine (NS-2330) is a triple monoamine reuptake inhibitor inducing a potent inhibition of the re-uptake process in the synaptic cleft of the neurotransmitters dopamine (DA; IC50=6.5 nM), norepinephrine (NE;IC50=1.7 nM), and serotonin (5-HT;IC50=11 nM), and with potentials as an anti-obesity agent[1]. Tesofensine is a CNS acting anti-obesity agent[2].
Phenylethanolamine A acts as a β-adrenergic agonist. Phenylethanolamine A is a byproduct during the Ractopamine synthesis process[1].
β-Galactose dehydrogenase can make conversion of galactose to galactonolactone and the concomitant reduction of NAD to the fluorescent NADH. β-Galactose dehydrogenase can be used for the determination of galactose[1].
Camicinal (GSK962040) hydrochloride is a small molecule, selective motilin receptor agonist with pEC50 of 7.9.
Atorvastatin hemicalcium trihydrate is an orally active HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, has the ability to effectively decrease blood lipids. Atorvastatin hemicalcium trihydrate inhibits human SV-SMC proliferation and invasion with IC50s of 0.39 μM and 2.39 μM, respectively[1][2][3].
3,4-Dimethoxyphenol is a plant-derived phenylpropanoid compound and can use as a whitening agent in cosmetics. 3,4-Dimethoxyphenol has tyrosinase-inhibiting activity[1]. 3,4-Dimethoxyphenol has potent antioxidant effect isolated from the bacterial fermentation broth[2].
Complanatuside is a flavonoid found in the traditional Chinese medicine Semen Astragali Complanati.
IHMT-MST1-58 is a potent, selective mammalian and orally active STE20-like protein 1 kinase (MST1) inhibitor with IC50 value of 23 nM. IHMT-MST1-58 can be used for the research of Type 1/2 diabetes[1].
5-Hydroxytryptophan, a tryptophan metabolite, is a direct 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) precursor and an L-aromatic amino acid decarboxylase substrate. [1][2][3].
L-Cysteine-3-13C is the 13C-labeled L-Cysteine. L-Cysteine is a conditionally essential amino acid, which acts as a precursor for biologically active molecules such as hydrogen sulphide (H2S), glutathione and taurine. L-Cysteine suppresses ghrelin and reduces appetite in rodents and humans[1].
CMPF can be found in trace constituent of urine and blood. CMPF is a biomarker of type 2 diabetes. CMPF can act on the β cell and induces impaired mitochondrial function. CMPF decreases glucose-induced ATP accumulation, and induces oxidative stress. CMPF reverses hepatic lipid accumulation and improves insulin sensitivity in obese mice[1][2].
ATP disodium trihydrate (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate disodium trihydrate) is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo, provides the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serves as a coenzyme in cells. ATP disodium trihydrate is an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation[1][2].
ELX-02 sulfate (NB-124 sulfate) is an investigational, advanced synthetic eukaryotic ribosome selective glycoside (ERSG). ELX-02 sulfate is being developed as a therapy for genetic diseases caused by nonsense mutations[1].
DPP-4-IN-2 (compound b2) is a potent DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase 4) inhibitor, with an IC50of 79 nM. DPP-4-IN-2 is a structurally analogs of Alogliptin (HY-A0023A). DPP-4-IN-2 can be used for diabetes research[1].
Punicalagin is a polyphenol ingredient isolated from Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) or the leaves of Terminalia catappa L.. Punicalagin is a anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) agent and has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects[1][2][3].
Oleoylethanolamide is a high affinity endogenous PPAR-α agonist, which plays an important role in the treatment of obesity and arteriosclerosis.
LMD-009 is a selective CCR8 nonpeptide agonist. LMD-009 mediates chemotaxis, inositol phosphate accumulation, and calcium release in high potencies with EC50s from 11 to 87 nM[1].
Lappaol A is a natural compound with antiaging activity[1].
Coptisine chloride is an alkaloid from Chinese goldthread, and acts as an efficient uncompetitive IDO inhibitor with a Ki value of 5.8 μM and an IC50 value of 6.3 μM.