Adenosine-13C is the 13C labeled Adenosine. Adenosine (Adenine riboside), a ubiquitous endogenous autacoid, acts through the enrollment of four G protein-coupled receptors: A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. Adenosine affects almost all aspects of cellular physiology,
BI 456906 is a dual-acting agonist of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor and glucagon receptor. BI 456906 can be used for the research of obesity and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)[1][2].
I-152 is a conjugate containing N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) and cysteamine (MEA). I-152 activates NRF2 and ATF4 signals. I-152 has anti-proliferative properties[1].
(±)-8-Prenylnaringenin, a natural prenylated flavonoid, is a potent phytoestrogen. (±)-8-Prenylnaringenin is an orally active selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) (Estrogen Receptor/ERR) that inhibits ERα and ERβ with IC50s of 57 nM and 68 nM, respectively. (±)-8-Prenylnaringenin has anticancer effects, and can be used for osteoporosis research[1][2].
Spinacine is an endogenous metabolite.
D-Lactose monohydrate is a type of lactose. D-Lactose is composed of D-galactose and D-glucose. D-Lactose monohydrate can be used as sweetener or excipient[1].
8-pCPT-2'-O-Me-cAMP-AM is a cyclic AMP analogue, selectively activates Epac-Rap signaling pathway. 8-pCPT-2'-O-Me-cAMP-AM protects renal function by activating Epac from ischemia injury. 8-pCPT-2'-O-Me-cAMP-AM also stimulates insulin secretion by interaction with PKA pathway[1][2].
MI 1544 is a LHRH antagonist.
CPDA is a novel potent SH2 domain-containing inositol phosphatase 2 (SHIP2) inhibitor that can effectively ameliorate insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.Target: SHIP2in vitro: CPDA was found to enhance insulin signaling.in vivo: CPDA greatly improves abnormal glucose metabolism in diabetic animals. CPDA was also found to improve the abnormal glucose metabolism in db/db mice.
D-Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (Triose phosphate) is a common molecule in living organisms and is an important intermediate in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, as well as a sugar product of the Calvin cycle. D-Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is involved in the biosynthesis of tryptophan and thiamin[1].
PCSK9 modulator-4 (Compound 21) is a potent modulator of PCSK9 with an EC50 value of 0.15 nM. PCSK9 is a recently validated target for lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). PCSK9 modulator-4 has the potential for the research of hyperlipidemia[1].
6bK is a potent and selective insulin degrading enzyme (IDE) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 50 nM. 6bK increases circulating insulin in high-fat-fed mice. Acute administration of 6bK enhances glucose tolerance to oral glucose, notably to a greater extent in high-fat-fed mice[1].
Sacrosidase is a yeast-derived enzyme that facilitates sucrose digestion. Sacrosidase has the potential for congenital sucrase-isomaltase (SI) deficiency research[1].
Mitiglinide(KAD-1229; S21403) is a drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes; it is a highly selective KATP channel antagonist. IC50 value:Target: KATP channelMitiglinide is a hypoglycemic agent that closes adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel s) in the pancreatic β-islet cells. Mitiglinide stimulates insulin secretion by stimulating Ca2+ influx.
Psoromic acid is a potent and selective RabGGTase (Rab geranylgeranyl transferase) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 1.3 µM. Psoromic acid is an antioxidative agent. Psoromic acid exhibits a competitive type of HMGR inhibition and mixed type of ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibition[1][2].
GLP-1R agonist 16 (Compound 115a) is a GLP-1 receptor agonist with an EC50 of 0.15 nM[1].
Trimebutine-d5 (fumarate) is deuterium labeled Trimebutine.
γ-Cyclodextrin is an endogenous metabolite.
Elaidic acid is the major trans fat found in hydrogenated vegetable oils and can be used as a pharmaceutical solvent.
Phthalic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester-d4 is a deuterium labeled Phthalic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester (HY-W018392). Phthalic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester (MEHP) is a major bioactive metabolite of diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), which inhibits the 17, 20 lyase activity of CYP17[1][2].
Etebenecid is a uricosuric agents, lower uric acid levels in the body by increasing the elimination of uric acid by the kidneys, also inhibits penicillin tubular secretion.
Amiloride (hydrochloride) is an epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) inhibitor and a competitive inhibitor of Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA).
3-Methylglutaric acid-d4 is the deuterium labeled 3-Methylglutaric acid[1]. 3-Methylglutaric acid, a leucine metabolite, is a conspicuous C6 dicarboxylic organic acid classically associated with two distinct leucine pathway enzyme deficiencies, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA lyase (HMGCL) and 3-methylglutaconyl CoA hydratase (AUH)[2][3].
VU0420373 is a potent heme sensor system (HssRS) activator with an EC50 of 10.7 μM and a pEC50 of 4.97. VU0420373 induces heme biosynthesis, and is toxic to fermenting S. aureus[1].
N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine-15N is the 15N labeled N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine. N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine (N-Acetyl-2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose) is a monosaccharide derivative of gluc[1][2].
SNT-207858 is a selective and orally available melanocortin MC-4 receptor antagonist with a 170-fold selectivity vs. MC-3 and a 40-fold selectivity versus MC-5. SNT-207858 has an IC50 of 8 nM (binding) and 5 nM (function) on the MC-4 receptor.
Chloramphenicol succinate is a proagent of Chloramphenicol, with Haemotoxicity. Chloramphenicol succinate also is an antibiotic. Chloramphenicol succinate is a competitive substrate and inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is the possible reason for its toxicity[1][2][3][4].
6-Methoxytricin (Compound 6) is an flavonoid isolated from Artemisia iwayomogi. 6-Methoxytricin (Compound 6) is an inhibitor on aldose reductase (AR) and advanced glycation endproduct (AGE) formation activities with IC50 values of 30.29 μM and 134.88 μM, respectively. 6-Methoxytricin (Compound 6) has potential as an anti-diabetic complications agent[1].
KMN-80, a derivative of PGE1 (HY-B0131), is a selective and potent agonist of EP4 receptor with an IC50 and a Ki of 3 nM and 2.35 nM, respectively. KMN-80 is against EP3 receptor with an IC50 of 1.4 μM and >10 μM for all other prostanoid receptors[1].
PF-06409577 is a potent and selective allosteric activator of AMPK α1β1γ1 isoform with an EC50 of 7 nM.