Doxepin inhibits reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine as a tricyclic antidepressant. Doxepin has therapeutic effects in atopic dermatitis，chronic urticarial，can improve cognitive processes， protect central nervous system. Doxepin has also been proposed as a protective factor against oxidative stress[1][2][3].
5-HT2A receptor agonist-1 is a 5-HT2A receptor agonist with the EC50 of 5.54 nM. 5-HT2A receptor agonist-1 can be used for the research of mood disorders[1].
Dopamine serotonin antagonist-1 is a dual dopamine and serotonin receptor antagonist with Kis of 200, 2500, 420, 39, 84, 40 nM for dopamine D1, D2,D4, and serotonin S2A, S2C, S3, respectively.
Butabindide (UCL-1397) oxalate is a potent, selective tripeptidvl peptidase II (TPP II) inhibitor with Ki values of 7 nM and 10 μM for TPP II and TPP I, respectively. Butabindide oxalate inhibits TPP II to protect CCK-8 against inactivation[1][2].
L-760735 is a high affinity, selective and orally active NK1 receptor antagonist with an IC50 of 0.19 nM for human NK1 receptors. L-760735 exhibits anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects[1].
Bacopaside N1 is a diglycosidic saponin[1].
Diclofensine(Ro-8-4650) is a potent inhibitor of monoamine reuptake, blocking the uptake of dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin by rat brain synaptosomes with IC50 values of 0.74, 2.3, and 3.7 nM, respectively.IC50 value:Target: Dopamine reuptake inhibitorThe action of diclofensine on peripheral neuronal adrenergic function was studied through tests of the blood pressure response to NE, tyramine, and phenylephrine (PE). The blood pressure response to NE was enhanced and that to tyramine was decreased by diclofensine, as a result of its inhibitive action on peripheral neuronal amine uptake [2]. Diclofensine, in concentrations of 0.01, 0.1 and 1 microM caused a marked decrease of 3H-DA uptake. In addition, it was unable to stimulate basal endogenous DA release which, on the contrary, was elicited by d-amphetamine in the same concentration (50 microM). On the other hand, diclofensine (50 microM) caused a 3 fold enhancement of K+-evoked DA release [3].
N-acetyl lysyltyrosylcysteine amide (KYC) is a potent, tripeptide inhibitor of myeloperoxidase (MPO), inhibits MPO-mediated hypochlorous acid (HOCl) formation (IC50=7 uM) and nitration/oxidation of LDL; completely inhibits HOCl production at 25 uM, decreases vascular oxidative stress and increases vasodilatation in sickle cell disease mice; reduces oxidative stress-mediated inflammation, neuronal damage, and neural stem cell injury in murine model of stroke.
(S)-GFB-12811 (compound 596) is a potent and selective CDK5 inhibitor, with an IC50 value less than 10 nM. (S)-GFB-12811 can be used in the research of cell cycle progression, neuronal development, tumorigenesis[1].
GYY4137 is a slow releasing H2S donor with vasodilator and antihypertensive activity. GYY4137 also exhibits anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity[1][2][3].
3-Aminopropylphosphinic acid (3-APPA), a phosphonic analog of GABA, is a GABAB receptor agonist[1].
Phe-Met-Arg-Phe, amide dose dependently (ED50=23 nM) activates a K+ current in the peptidergic caudodorsal neurons.
(S)-AMPA (L-AMPA), an active S-enantiomer of AMPA, is a potent and selective AMPA receptor agonist[1][2].
Withanolide B is an active component of W. somnifera Dunal. Withanolide B promotes osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs via ERK1/2 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. Withanolide B exhibits neuroprotective, anti-arthritic, anti-aging and anti-cancer effects[1][2][3].
Glufosinate, a phosphinic acid analogue of glutamic acid, is a herbicide which is converted by plant cells into PT (L-phosphinothricin). Glufosinate exerts neurotoxic activity[1][2].
Diprenorphine is a non-selective opioid antagonist with Ki values of 0.017, 0.072 and 0.23 nM against κ-, μ- and δ-opioid receptors, respectively[1]. Diprenorphine can be used for central poststroke pain (CPSP) research[1].
Aloeresin D is a chromone glycoside isolated from Aloe vera, inhibits β-Secretase (BACE1) activity, with an IC50 of 39 μM[1].
L-745870 trihydrochloride is a potent, selective, brain-penetrant and orally active dopamine D4 receptor antagonist with a Ki of 0.43 nM. L-745870 trihydrochloride shows weaker affinity for D2 (Ki of 960 nM) and D3 (Ki of 2300 nM) receptors, and exhibits moderate affinity for 5-HT2 receptors, sigma sites and α-adrenoceptors[1][2][3].
Aβ/tau aggregation-IN-1 is a potent Aβ1-42 β-sheets formation and tau aggregation inhibitor. The KD values of Aβ/tau aggregation-IN-1 with Aβ1-42 and tau are 160 μM and 337 μM, respectively. Aβ/tau aggregation-IN-1 can permeate the blood-brain barrier[1].
Zanapezil (TAK-147) fumarate is a potent, reversible and selective acetylcholine esterase (AChE) inhibitor. Zanapezil fumarate shows a potent and reversible inhibition of AChE activity in homogenates of the rat cerebral cortex (IC50=51.2 nM). Zanapezil fumarate shows a moderate inhibition of muscarinic M1 and M2 receptor binding with Ki values of 234 and 340 nM, respectively. Zanapezil fumarate can be used for the research of early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD)[1][2].
Phenoxypropazine is a potent monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor. Phenoxypropazine can be used in research of depression[1].
FSCPX is a potent and selective irreversible antagonist of A1 adenosine receptor (A1AR), with low nanomolar potency for binding to the A1AR. FSCPX could modifies the effect of NBTI, a nucleoside transport inhibitor, by reducing the interstitial adenosine level in the guinea pig atrium[1][2].
Direct Blue 1 (Chicago Sky Blue 6B) is a counterstain for background autofluorescence in immunofluorescence histochemistry. Direct Blue 1, structurally related to glutamate, is a potent and competitive VGLUT inhibitor without affecting plasma membrane transporters. Direct Blue 1 is the first small molecule PrP ligand capable of inhibiting Aβ binding[1].
Sigma-LIGAND-1 hydrochloride is a selective sigma receptor ligand with an IC50s of 16 nM, 19 nM at the DTG site and the PPP site, respectively. Sigma-LIGAND-1 hydrochloride has a Ki of 4000 nM at the dopamine D2 receptor[1].
Flindokalner (BMS-204352) is a potassium channel modulator. Flindokalner is a positive modulator of all neuronal Kv7 channel subtypes expressed in HEK293 cells. Flindokalner is also a large conductance calcium-activated K channel (BKca) positive modulator. Flindokalner shows a negative modulatory activity at Kv7.1 channels (Ki=3.7 μM), and acts as a negative modulator of GABAA receptors. Flindokalner shows anxiolytic efficacy in vivo[1][2].
Seletracetam (Ucb 44212) is an analog of the antiepileptic agent Levetiracetam. Seletracetam is a small molecule SV2A modulator for the research of epilepsy[1][2][3].
PF9601N, an monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitor, possesses neuroprotective properties in several in vitro and in vivo models of Parkinson's disease (PD). PF9601N can be used for the research of neurodegenerative diseases mediated by excitotoxicity[1].
Preladenant-d3 (SCH-420814-d3) is the deuterium labeled Preladenant. Preladenant is a potent and competitive antagonist of the human adenosine A2A receptor with a Ki of 1.1 nM and has over 1000-fold selectivity over other adenosine receptors[1][2].
Safinamide (EMD 1195686; FCE 26743) selectively and reversibly inhibits MAO-B with IC50 of 98 nM, exhibits 5918-fold selectivity against MAO-A.IC50 value: 98 nM [1]Target: MAO-BSafinamide (EMD 1195686; FCE 26743; ) is a highly selective and reversible monoamine oxidase type B (MAO-B) inhibitor that increases neostriatal dopamine concentration. In addition, Safinamide (EMD 1195686; FCE 26743; ) is voltage-dependent sodium and calcium channel blocker. Safinamide (EMD 1195686; FCE 26743; ) appears to bind to the batrachotoxin-sensitive site 2 of the voltage-sensitive sodium channels. Safinamide blocks N and L-type calcium channels and inhibits glutamate and aspartate release from synaptic terminals.
A potent and selective 5-HT2C receptor agonist with EC50 of 190 nM, with excellent selectivity for 5-HT2C over 5-HT2A; has minimal activation at either the 5-HT(2A) or 5-HT(2B) receptors, demonstrates robust efficacy in preclinical canine model of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and attractive pharmacokinetic and safety properties.