H-DL-Val-OEt.HCl is a valine derivative[1].
Biphenylindanone A (BINA) is a selective human mGluR2 (hmGluR2) potentiator for the treatment of many neurological disorders[1].
4’,5’-Didehydro-2’-O-(2-methoxyethyl)-5-methyluridine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].
Larotrectinib (LOXO-101) is an ATP-competitive oral, selective inhibitor of the tropomyosin-related kinase (TRK) family receptors, with low nanomolar 50% inhibitory concentrations against all three isoforms (TRKA, B, and C).
Dexketoprofen trometamol (Dexketoprofen tromethamine salt) is an orally active non-selective COX inhibitor. Dexketoprofen trometamol has a pain-relieving effect[1].
E67-2 is a potent and selective inhibitor of H3K9 Jumonji demethylase KIAA1718 (KDM7A) with IC50 of 3.4 uM; selectively inhibits H3K9 Jumonji demethylase over H3K9 methyltransferase as well as H3K4 demethylase, has low cytotoxicity.
(R)-3-O-Methyldopa-d3 is a deuterium labeled (R)-3-O-Methyldopa, and (R)-3-O-Methyldopa is an R-enantiomer of 3-O-Methyldopa. 3-O-Methyldopa is a metabolite of L-DOPA which is formed by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). 3-O-Methyldopa competitively inhibits the pharmacodynamics of L-DOPA and dopamine[1][2].
Fluvoxamine is an antidepressant which functions pharmacologically as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor.Target: SSRIsFluvoxamine is effective in inhibiting 5-ht uptake by blood platelets and brain synaptosomes. The antagonism by fluvoxamine of the reserpine-induced lowering of the pentamethylenetetrazole convulsive threshold can be regarded as due to an effect upon 5-HT uptake. In contrast to the effects of desmethylimipramine and imipramine, no stimulatory effects are found in rats when rapidly acting reserpine-like compounds are given following a dose of fluvoxamine [1]. fluvoxamine appears to improve combat-related PTSD symptoms but not depressive symptoms. The high attrition rate and lack of a placebo group limits the conclusions of our study. Controlled studies of fluvoxamine in the treatment of PTSD are warranted [2]. Fluvoxamine was less potent at decreasing ethanol self-administration when food was available concurrently versus when ethanol was available in isolation [ED50: 4.0 (2.7-5.9) and 5.1 (4.3-6.0)]. Effects on food were similar under each condition in which food was available. The results demonstrate that the potency of fluvoxamine in reducing ethanol-maintained behavior depends on whether ethanol is available in isolation or in the context of concurrently scheduled food reinforcement [3].Clinical indications: Depression; Obsessive compulsive disorder; Social phobia FDA Approved Date: December 5, 1994Toxicity: Anorexia, Constipation, Dry mouth, Headache, Nausea, Nervousness, Skin rash, Sleep problems, Somnolence, Liver toxicity, Mania, Increase urination, Seizures, Sweating increase, Tremors, or Tourette's syndrome.
PD158780 is a potent EGFR family inhibitor with IC50s of 8 pM, 49, 52, 52 nM for EGFR, ErbB2, ErbB3, and ErbB4, respectively.
Diethyltoluamide is the most common active ingredient in insect repellents. It is intended to provide protection against mosquitoes, ticks, fleas, chiggers, leeches, and many other biting insects.
D-Erythro-dihydrosphingosin directly inhibits cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α) activity.
IMMH001, also called SYL930, is an orally active, potent and selective S1P1 (sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1) agonist. IMMH001 decreased levels of both chemokines and proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-5, IL-18, IP10, CCL3, and CCL5. IMMH001 can be used for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) research[1][2].
Niclosamide is an inhibitor of STAT3 with IC50 of 0.25 μM in HeLa cells and inhibits DNA replication in a cell-free assay.
Amaroswerin is a bioactive secoiridoid glucoside from Swertia mussotii. Amaroswerin has anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antiviral, anticholinergic and immunomodulatory activities. Amaroswerin inhibits NO release with an IC50 value of 5.42 μg/mL in RAW264.7 cells[1].
Isoflavone, a soy phytoestrogen and a biologically active component, presents in several agriculturally important legumes such as soy, peanut, green peas, chick peas and alfalfa[1][2].
CCI-007 (CCI 007) is a selective inhibitor of MLL-r, CALM-AF10 and SET-NUP214 leukemia with IC50 of 3.5 uM against MLL-r leukemia cell line PER-485; induced a rapid caspase-dependent apoptosis with mitochondrial depolarization within 24h treatment; altered the characteristic MLL-r gene expression signature in sensitive cells with downregulation of the expression of HOXA9, MEIS1, CMYC and BCL2, important drivers in MLL-r leukemia.
T-5224 is a selective inhibitor of c-Fos/activator protein (AP)-1. It also inhibits MMP3/13 with IC50s of 10 nM.
Resorufin acetate is a fluorescent dye that selectively detects hydrazine[1].
L-778123 is an inhibitor of FPTase and GGPTase-I with IC50 of 2 nM and 98 nM in enzyme inhibition determination.IC50 value: 2 nM [1]Target: FPTasein vitro: L-778123 can completely inhibit Ki-Ras prenylation. [1] L-778123 as a farnesyltransferase inhibitor can have a good cytotoxic activity as a classic anti-cancer agent. [2]in vivo: In the dog model, L-778123 inhibits HDJ2 prenylation and produces measurable, albeit slight (5%), levels of unprenylatedRap1A in PBMCs. [1]
ON 146040 is a potent PI3Kα and PI3Kδ (IC50≈14 and 20 nM, respectively) inhibitor. ON 146040 also inhibits Abl1 (IC50<150 nM).
PD 132002 is an orally active, potent renin inhibitor. PD 132002 weakly inhibits pepsin. PD 132002 produces substantial reductions in blood pressure[1].
BLXA-4 is used potentially to treat gingival diseases.
6-Deoxyisojacareubin is a PKC inhibitor that inhibits the proliferation of QGY-7703 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. 6-Deoxyisojacareubin is also a natural product that can be obtained from Garcinia nervosa. 6-Deoxyisojacareubin can be used in cancer research[1].
Bentiromide is a peptide that is broken down in the pancreas by chymotrypsin. The bentiromide test is an excellent means of confirming the diagnosis of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency by outpatient test of chymotrypsin function[1].
Ki-20227 is a highly selective c-Fms tyrosine kinase(CSF1R) inhibitor with IC50 value of 2 nM; 6 fold and > 100 fold selectivity over VEGFR2(IC50=12 nM) and c-Kit/PDGFRβ(IC50=451/217 nM), respectively.IC50 value: Target: CSF1Rin vitro: Ki20227 did not inhibit other kinases tested, such as fms-like tyrosine kinase-3, epidermal growth factor receptor, or c-Src (c-src proto-oncogene product). Ki20227 was also found to inhibit the M-CSF-dependent growth of M-NFS-60 cells but not the M-CSF-independent growth of A375 human melanoma cells in vitro [1]. Ki20227 inhibited M-CSF-dependent reactions, such as lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha production, which were enhanced by M-CSF in vitro [2]. in vivo: Ki20227 decreased the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive osteoclast-like cells on bone surfaces in ovariectomized (ovx) rats [1]. In addition, the number of CD11b(+), Gr-1(+), and Ly-6G(+) cells in the spleen decreased in the Ki20227-treated mice, and the CII-induced cytokine production in splenocytes isolated from the Ki20227-treated arthritic mice was also reduced [2]. Ki20227 treatments inhibited the turn-over/expansion of myeloid cells provoked by the immunization and subsequent MOG-specific T cell responses in our EAE animal model [3].
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (7-28), human, canine is a peptide fragment of atrial natriuretic peptide, can be used as a peptide tag[1].
10,12-Tricosadiynoic acid is a highly specific, selective, high affinity and orally active acyl-CoA oxidase-1 (ACOX1) inhibitor. 10,12-Tricosadiynoic acid can treat high fat diet- or obesity-induced metabolic diseases by improving mitochondrial lipid and ROS metabolism[1].
omega-3 Arachidonic Acid ethyl ester is a rare polyunsaturated fatty acid found in very small amounts in dietary sources. Omega-3 fatty acids are known to be essential for the growth and development of infants, and they protect against heart disease, blood clots, high blood pressure, and inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. In human platelet membranes, omega-3 arachidonic acid inhibits arachidonyl-CoA synthetase with a Ki of 14 μM. It also inhibits arachidonoyl-CoA synthetase in calf brain extract with an IC50 of approximately 5 μM. Omega-3 ethyl arachidonate is the more lipophilic form of the free acid.
Cimicifugoside H-1, a cyclolanostanol xyloside, is a major constituent of C. foetida L. extract. Cimicifugoside H-1 inhibits bone resorption and ovariectomy-induced bone loss[1][2][3].
Landiolol hydrochloride (ONO1101 hydrochloride) is a highly beta1 selective ultra-short acting beta-blocker (β1/β2 selectivity = 255:1, a half-life of 4 min)， acts as an adrenoceptor antagonist[1].