S-Gem is a TrxR-dependent prodrug of Gemcitabine (HY-17026) and selectively activated by TrxR. S-Gem shows less cytotoxicity compared to Gemcitabine[1].
N2-iso-Butyroyl-5’-O-DMT-3’-O-(methoxyethyl)guanosine is a guanosine analog. Some guanosine analogs have immunostimulatory activity. In some animal models, they also induce type I interferons, producing antiviral effects. Studies have shown that the functional activity of guanosine analogs is dependent on the activation of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)[1].
st-Ht31 is a membrane-permeable peptide inhibitor of protein kinase A (PKA) anchoring. st-Ht31 induces robust cholesterol/phospholipid efflux. st-Ht31 completely reverses foam cell formation and restores the metabolic health of macrophage[1][2].
Icapamespib (PU-HZ151) is a potent HSP90 inhibitor with an EC50 of 5 nM. Icapamespib is able to cross blood-brain barrier[1].
(2R,3S,4R)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrothiophene-3,4-diol is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].
5’-O-(4,4-Dimethoxytrityl)-2’-O-methyl inosine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].
5’-O-Benzoyl-2’-O,4’-C-methyleneuridine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].
2’-Deoxy-N2-methylguanosine, DNA adduct is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].
Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) monohydrate is a potent phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, adenosine receptor antagonist, and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activator. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) monohydrate inhibits PDE3 activity to relax airway smooth muscle. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) monohydrate has anti-inflammatory activity by increase IL-10 and inhibit NF-κB into the nucleus. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) monohydrate induces apoptosis. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) monohydrate can be used for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) research[1][2][3][4][5].
ONO-8130 is an orally active and selective prostanoid EP1 receptor antagonist. ONO-8130 blocks phosphorylation of ERK in the L6 spinal cord. ONO-8130 relieves bladder pain in mice with cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis. ONO-8130 can be used for interstitial cystitis research[1].
TYA-018 is an orally active, potent and highly selective HDAC6 inhibitor. TYA-018 can protect heart function in mice. TYA-018 also enhances energetics in mice by increasing expression of targets associated with fatty acid metabolism, protein metabolism, and oxidative phosphorylation[1].
1-(β-D-Xylofuranosyl)-2-thiouracil is a purine nucleoside analogue. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].
2-Amino-N6,N6-dimethyl-2’-deoxy-2’-fluoro-beta-D-arabino-adenosine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].
HDAC-IN-63 (Compound 63) is a dual FLT3/HDAC inhibitor (IC50: 0.844 and 30.0 nM for FLT3 and HDAC1 respectively). HDAC-IN-63 inhibits MV4-11 cell proliferation (IC50: 92 nM. HDAC-IN-63 induces apoptosis and arrests cell cycle in MV4-11 cells. HDAC-IN-63 can be used for research of acute myeloid leukemia (AML)[1].
2’,3’,5’-Tri-O-benzoyl-2’-β-C-methyl-5-fluorouridine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].
Quinalizarin is a potent, selective and cell-permeable protein kinase CK2 inhibitor with an Ki of ~50 nM and an IC50 of 110 nM. Quinalizarin can induce apoptosis of certain cancer cells[1].
Tefinostat (CHR-2845) is a monocyte/macrophage-targeted pan HDAC inhibitor, cleaved into active acid CHR-2847 by the intracellular esterase human carboxylesterase-1 (hCE-1). Anti-monocytoid lineage leukaemias activity[1].
3’-O-Methyl-4-deoxy uridine is a purine nucleoside analogue. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].
PCNA-I1 is a potent PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) inhibitor. PCNA-I1 directly binds PCNA trimers with a Kd of 0.41 μM and exhibits antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo[1].
Nelarabine (Arranon, 506U78) is a purine nucleoside analog and DNA synthesis inhibitor with IC50 from 0.067-2.15 μM in tumor cells. Nelarabine is a chemotherapy drug used in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. IC50 Value: 0.44 uM (HSB2 cell lines); 1.24 μM(ALL-SIL cell lines); 2.15 μM(JURKAT cell lines); 0.067 uM (PER-255 cell lines) [1]Target: Nucleoside antimetabolite/analogin vitro: The IC50 of Nelarabine is 25-fold and 113-fold higher than ARAC in T- and B-lineage, respectively. T-ALL cells are eightfold more sensitive to Nelarabine than B-lineage but there is considerable overlap. The efficacy of NEL in T-lineage and B-lineage cell lines is 25-fold and 113-fold less than ARAC, respectively [1].in vivo: The median age was 34 years (range, 16-66 years); 32 (82%) patients were male. The rate of complete remission was 31% (95% confidence interval [CI], 17%, 48%) and the overall response rate was 41% (95% CI, 26%, 58%). The principal toxicity was grade 3 or 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, occurring in 37% and 26% of patients, respectively [2]. Nelarabine has activity in T-cell malignancies, as evaluated in 2 Phase I and 5 Phase II studies. It received accelerated approval from the FDA based on the resuits of 2 Phase II trials, one in pediatric patients (PGAA 2001) and the other in adults (CALGB 19801)Toxicity: The principal toxicity was grade 3 or 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, occurring in 37% and 26% of patients, respectively [2].Clinical trial: Drug Use Investigation for Arranon G (Nelarabine) Injection 250 mg.
CCB02 is a selective CPAP-tubulin interaction inhibitor, binding to tubulin and competing for the CPAP binding site of β-tubulin, with an IC50 of 689 nM, and shows potent anti-tumor activity. CCB02 shows no inhibition on the cell cycle- and centrosome-related kinases, or the phosphorylation status of Aurora A, Plk1, Plk2, CDK2, and CHK1[1].
2’-Deoxy-5,N4-dimethylcytidine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].
CDK4/6-IN-10 is a potent, selective and orally active CDK4 and CDK6 inhibitor with IC50s of 22 nM and 10 nM, respectively. CDK4/6-IN-10 shows antitumor activity. CDK4/6-IN-10 has the potential for the research of Multiple myeloma (MM)[1].
N-[2-[4-(1-Methylethyl)phenoxy]acetyl]guanosine is a guanosine analog. Some guanosine analogs have immunostimulatory activity. In some animal models, they also induce type I interferons, producing antiviral effects. Studies have shown that the functional activity of guanosine analogs is dependent on the activation of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)[1].
SIRT2-IN-8 is a potent SIRT2 inhibitor. SIRT2-IN-8 can be used for Huntington’s and Parkinson’s diseases research[1].
5,7-Dihydroxychromone, the extract of Cudrania tricuspidata, activates Nrf2/ARE signal and exerts neuroprotective effects against 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. 5,7-Dihydroxychromone inhibits the expression of activated caspase-3 and caspase-9 and cleaved PARP in 6-OHDA-induced SH-SY5Y cells[1].
2',3'-Di-O-acetyl-D-uridine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].
Irinotecan is a water soluble topoisomerase I inhibitor, preventing religation of the DNA strand by binding to topoisomerase I-DNA complex.
Casein kinase 1δ-IN-14 (compound 481) is a casein kinase inhibitor that can be used to study neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease[1].
Sovesudil, formally known as PHP-201, is a well-tolerated and low toxicity Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor. Sovesudil can be used for the research of normal-tension glaucoma (NTG)[1].