PF-06409577 is a potent and selective allosteric activator of AMPK α1β1γ1 isoform with an EC50 of 7 nM.
AICAR phosphate is an activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), down-regulates the insulin receptor expression in HepG2 cells.
O-304 is a small molecule AMPK activator.
Galegine hydrochloride, a guanidine derivative, contributes to weight loss in mice. Guanidine hydrochloride is the compound derived from G. officinalis, which gave rise to the biguanides, metformin and phenformin. Galegine hydrochloride activates AMPK in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and L6 myotubes, as well as in the H4IIE rat hepatoma and HEK293 human kidney cell lines. Galegine hydrochloride has antibacterial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 mg/L against Staphylococcus aureus strains[1][2].
Bempedoic acid-d5 is the deuterium labeled Bempedoic acid[1]. Bempedoic acid (ETC-1002) is an ATP-citrate lyase (ACL) inhibitor[1]. Bempedoic acid (ETC-1002) activates AMPK[2].
AMPK activator 9 (ZM-6) is a potent AMPK (α2β1γ1) activator with an EC50 value of 1.1 µM. AMPK activator 9 has the potential for the research of type 2 diabetes[1].
3α-Hydroxymogrol is a triterpenoid isolated from Siraitia grosvenorii Swingle, acts as a potent AMPK activator, and enhances AMPK phosphorylation[1].
Karanjin is a major active furanoflavonol constituent of Fordia cauliflora. Karanjin induces GLUT4 translocation in skeletal muscle cells by increasing AMPK activity. Karanjin can induce cancer cell death through cell cycle arrest and enhance apoptosis[1][2].
Bempedoic acid-d4 is the deuterium labeled Bempedoic acid. Bempedoic acid (ETC-1002) is an ATP-citrate lyase (ACL) inhibitor. Bempedoic acid (ETC-1002) activates AMPK[1][2].
Flufenamic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX), activates AMPK, and also modulates ion channels, blocking chloride channels and L-type Ca2+ channels, modulating non-selective cation channels (NSC), activating K+ channels.
MRT 199665 is a potent salt-inducible kinases (SIKs) inhibitor with IC50 of 110, 12, 43 nM for SIK1,2,3 respectively; also inhibits AMPKα1/α2 (both IC50=10 nM), MARK1/2/3/4 (both IC50=2 nM), NUAK1/2 (IC50=3/120 nM), and MELK (IC50=29 nM); elevates IL-10 production by inducing the dephosphorylation of CREB-regulated transcriptional coactivator 3 (CRTC3), increases LPS-stimulated IL-10 production and greatly suppressed proinflammatory cytokine secretion (IL-6, IL-12, and TNF) in macrophages.
MARK-IN-4 is a potent microtubule affinity regulating kinase (MARK) inhibitor with an IC50 of 1 nM. Inhibition of microtubule affinity regulating kinase (MARK) represents a potentially attractive means of arresting neurofibrillary tangle pathology in Alzheimer's disease[1].
Vaccarin is an active flavonoid glycoside associated with various biological functions. Vaccarin significantly promote wound healing and endothelial cells and fibroblasts proliferation in the wound site. Vaccarin ameliorates insulin resistance and steatosis by activating the AMPK signaling pathway[1][2].
HTH-01-015 is a selective NUAK1 inhibitor (IC50 is 100 nM). HTH-01-015 inhibits NUAK1 with >100-fold higher potency than NUAK2 (IC50 of >10 μM).
PF-06679142 is a novel potent, orally active, α1β1γ1/α2β1γ1-isoform selective AMPK activator with Kd of 14 nM, EC50 of 22 nM for α1β1γ1-AMPK, shows minimal activity at the β2-containing isoforms (α1β2γ1, α2β2γ1, α2β2γ3); demonstrates in vivo target engagement experiment in ZSF-1 rats, an obese/diabetic rodent model of diabetic nephropathy.
USP10 inhibitor Wu-5 (Wu-5) is a novel small molecule USP10 inhibitor inducing the degradation of FLT3-mutated protein, directly interacts and inactivates USP10, the deubiquitinase for FLT3-ITD in vitro (IC50=8.3 uM) and in FLT3-ITD-positive AML cells.Wu-5 selectively inhibited the viability of FLT3 inhibitor-sensitive (MV4-11, Molm13) and -resistant (MV4-11R) FLT3-ITD-positive AML cells with IC50 of 3.794, 5.056, and 8.386 uM, respectively.Wu-5 (1-10 μM) dose-dependently induced apoptosis of MV4-11, Molm13, and MV4-11R cells through the proteasome-mediated degradation of FLT3-ITD.Combined treatment of Wu-5 and crenolanib produced synergistic cell death in FLT3-ITD-positive cells via the reduction of both FLT3 and AMPKα proteins.
AMPK activator 8 (Compound 2) is an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator with EC50s of 11, 27, 4, 2, and 4 nM for rAMPK α1β1γ1, rAMPK α2β1γ1, rAMPK α1β2γ1, rAMPK α2β2γ1, rAMPK α2β2γ3, respectively. AMPK activator 8 can be used for the research of type 2 diabetes[1].
Danthron is a natural product extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb. Danthron functions in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism by activating AMPK.
IMM-H007 is a potent TGFβ1 (transforming growth factor β1) antagonist. IMM-H007 has protective effects in cardiovascular diseases via activation of AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase). IMM-H007 negatively regulates endothelium inflammation through inactivating NF-κB and JNK/AP1 signaling. IMM-H007 inhibits ABCA1 degradation. IMM-H007 resolves hepatic steatosis in HFD-fed hamsters by the regulation of lipid metabolism. IMM-H007 can be used for the research of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and inflammatory atherosclerosis[1][2][3].
AMPK activator 10 is an orally active, potent AMPK activator with EC150 of 44.3 nM by cell-ELISA. AMPK activator 10 increases the phosphorylation levels of ACC. AMPK activator 10 exhibits a glucose lowering effect[1].
Buformin hydrochloride (1-Butylbiguanide hydrochloride) is a potent and orally active biguanide antidiabetic agent, an AMPK activator. Buformin hydrochloride decreases hepatic gluconeogenesis and lowers blood glucose production in vivo. Buformin hydrochloride also has anti-cancer activities and is applied in cancer study (such as, cervical cancer and breast cancer, et al)[1].
AMPK activator 6 (Compound GC) reduces lipid content and activates the AMPK pathway in HepG2 and 3T3-L1 cells. AMPK activator 6 significantly suppresses the increase in triglyceride (TG) , total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-C (LDL-C), and other biochemical indices in blood serum. AMPK activator 6 can be used for the research of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic syndrome[1].
AMPK activator 2 (compound 7a), a fluorine-containing proguanil derivative, up-regulates AMPK signal pathway and downregulates mTOR/4EBP1/p70S6K. AMPK activator 2 inhibits proliferation and migration of human cancer cell lines (UMUC3, T24, A549)[1].
AMPK activator 12 (compound 21) is a potent AMPK activator and GDF15 inducer. AMPK activator 12 increases GDF15 protein levels in human hepatic cells[1].
AMPK activator 7 (compound I-3-24) is a an AMPK activator with the EC50 of 8.8 nM. AMPK activator 7 can be used for the research of diseases involving AMPK, particularly diseases such as type 2 diabetes, hyperglycemia, metabolic syndrome, obesity, hypercholesterolemia and/or hypertension[1].
Nepodin (Musizin) is a quinone oxidoreductase (PfNDH2) inhibitor isolate from Rumex crispus[1].Nepodin (Musizin) stimulates the translocation of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane by activation of AMPK[2].Nepodin (Musizin) has antidiabetic and antimalarial activities.
Xanthoangelol, extracted from Angelica keiskei, suppresses obesity-induced inflammatory responses. Xanthoangelol possesses antibacterial activity[1][2]. Xanthoangelol and inhibits monoamine oxidases[3]. Xanthoangelol induces apoptosis in neuroblastoma and leukemia cells[4].