Velagliflozin proline is an oral sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor with antidiabetic activity. Velagliflozin proline reduces renal glucose reabsorption and stimulates glycosuria, which lowers blood sugar and insulin concentrations[1].
D-Glyceric acid is an endogenous metabolite present in Urine that can be used for the research of Primary hyperoxaluria Type I and Glutaric Acidemia Type 2[1][2][3].
Paricalcitol is a vitamin D receptor agonist, used for the prevention and treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism (excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone) associated with chronic renal failure.
(S)-2-Hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoic acid is a product of phenylalanine catabolism. An elevated level of phenyllactic acid is found in body fluids of patients with or phenylketonuria.
Guanidinosuccinic acid is a nitrogenous metabolite isolated in excess from serum and urine.
Gemfibrozil is an activator of PPAR-α, used as a lipid-lowering drug; Gemfibrozil is also a nonselective inhibitor of several P450 isoforms, with Ki values for CYP2C9, 2C19, 2C8, and 1A2 of 5.8, 24, 69, and 82 μM, respectively.
(E)-5-Hydroxyferulic acid is the E-isomer of 5-hydroxyferulic acid (HY-133068). 5-hydroxyferulic acid is a hydroxycinnamic acid and is a metabolite of the phenylpropanoid pathway. 5-Hydroxyferulic acid is a precursor in the biosynthesis of sinapic acid and is also a COMT non-esterifed substrat[1][2][3].
3-Iodothyronamine (hydrochloride) is an endogenous and rapid-acting derivative of thyroid hormone. 3-Iodothyronamine potently activates an orphan G protein-coupled receptor in vitro (TAAR1) and induced hypothermia in vivo on a rapid time scale. 3-Iodothyronamine can be used for the research of congestive heart failure[1].
Sulcatone is an endogenous metabolite.
Adipic acid-d4-1 is the deuterium labeled Adipic acid[1]. Adipic acid is found to be associated with HMG-CoA lyase deficiency, carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency, malonyl-Coa decarboxylase deficiency, and medium Chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, which are inborn errors of metabolism[2].
PX20606 trans racemate is a FXR agonist with EC50s of 32 and 34 nM for FXR in FRET and M1H assay, respectively.
Licochalcone C could inhibit α-glucosidase, with IC50s of <100 nM and 92.43 μM for α-glucosidase and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), respectively.
3-O-Methyl-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine is a potent inhibitor of N-acetylglucosamine kinase. 3-O-Methyl-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine potently inhibits glucose phosphorylation by N-acetylglucosamine kinase whereas glucokinase is not at all affected by this hexosamine[1].
BMS-819881 is a melaninconcentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCHR1) antagonist, which binds rat MCHR1 with a Ki of 7 nM. BMS-819881 also is selective and potent for CYP3A4 activity with an EC50 of 13 μM.
Indole-13C is the 13C labeled Indole[1]. Indole is an endogenous metabolite.
T-3764518 is a novel and potent stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase (SCD) inhibitor with an IC50 of 4.7 nM.
bpV(phen) is a potent protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) and PTEN inhibitor with IC50s of 38 nM, 343 nM and 920 nM for PTEN, PTP-β and PTP-1B. bpV(phen) is an insulin-mimetic agent following insulin-receptor tyrosine kinase hyperphosphorylation and activation. bpV(phen) activates HIV-1 transcription and replication via NF-κB-dependent and independent mechanisms. bpV(phen) inhibits proliferation of the protozoan parasite Leishmania in vitro. bpV(phen) strongly induces the secretion of a large number of chemokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and it activates a Th1-type pathway (IL-12, IFNγ). bpV(phen) can also induce cell apoptosis, and has anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor activity[1][2][3][4][5].
JJH260 is AIG1inhibitor, and inhibit the fluorophosphonate reactivity and fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acid (FAHFA) hydrolysis activity of AIG1in HEK293T cells, with IC50 values of 0.50 μM and 0.57 μM, respectively[1].
GLP-1 receptor agonist 8 is a potent agonist of GLP-1 R. GLP-1 receptor agonist 8 has the potential for the research of diabetes, obesity, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (extracted from patent WO2019239319A1, compound 17)[1].
Quercetin 3-O-(6''-O-malonyl)-β-D-glucoside, a natural flavonol glycoside, possesses antioxidant activity[1].
Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid (UDP-GlcA) ammonium is a cofactor that is formed by the catalytic activity of UDP-glucose dehydrogenase. Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid (ammonium) is a central precursor in sugar nucleotide biosynthesis and common substrate for C4-epimerases and decarboxylases releasing UDP-galacturonic acid (UDP-GalA) and UDP-pentose products, respectively. Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid (ammonium), as a glucuronic acid donor, can be used for for the research of the conjugation of bilirubin in the endoplasmic recticulum[1].
L-Glutamic γ-monohydroxamate is an antitumor agent, inhibits cell proliferation. L-Glutamic γ-monohydroxamate selectively inhibits the uptake of L-histidine into microvascular endothelial cell. L-Glutamic γ-monohydroxamate, as a vanadium ligand, activates glucose uptake and metabolism, thus decreases the blood glucose levels in vivo[1][2][3].
H-Hyp-Gly-OH is a dipeptide containing hydroxyproline and glycine. H-Hyp-Gly-OH promotes the growth of mouse primary fibroblasts on collagen gel. H-Hyp-Gly-OH has potential applications in improving skin by ingesting hydrolyzed collagen. H-Hyp-Gly-OH can be used for metabolic research[1].
BX341 is an anti-androgen.
Ac-D-DGla-LI-Cha-C is a potent HCV protease inhibitor peptide. Ac-D-DGla-LI-Cha-C can be used for the research of cancer, autoimmune diseases, fibrotic diseases, inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, infectious diseases, lung diseases, heart and vascular diseases and metabolic diseases[1].
ER proteostasis regulator-1 (compound 481) is a potent ER proteostasis regulator. ER proteostasis regulator-1 has the potential for the research of Alzheimer's disease and diabetes[1].
Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol, a kind of phlorotannin, is an orally active α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitor with IC50s of 0.16 mM and 0.53 mM, respectively. Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol has anti-diabetic activities[1].
Agalsidase alfa has an amino acid sequence identical to that of native α-galactosidase A. Agalsidase alfa can be used for Fabry disease research[1].
L-Cysteine-13C3 is the 13C-labeled L-Cysteine. L-Cysteine is a conditionally essential amino acid, which acts as a precursor for biologically active molecules such as hydrogen sulphide (H2S), glutathione and taurine. L-Cysteine suppresses ghrelin and reduces appetite in rodents and humans[1].