Lidorestat (IDD-676) is a potent, selective and orally active aldose reductase inhibitor with an IC50 of 5 nM. Lidorestat can be used to treat chronic diabetes complications. Lidorestat also improves nerve conduction and reduces cataract formation[1][2][3].
Cholic acid sodium is a major primary bile acid produced in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It facilitates fat absorption and cholesterol excretion.
Tienilic acid is a uricosuric diuretic. Tienilic acid possesses certain hepatotoxicity[1][3].
Zenarestat is a potent and orally active aldose reductase inhibitor. Zenarestat improves diabetic peripheral neuropathy in Zucker diabetic fatty rats[1].
NBI-6024, an altered peptide ligand (APL), is an epitope recognized by inflammatory interferon-gamma-producing T helper lymphocytes in type 1 diabetic patients[1][2].
4,4-Dimethoxy-2-butanone is an endogenous metabolite.
BCAT-IN-2 is a potent, selective and orally active inhibitor of mitochondrial branched-chain aminotransferase (BCATm), with a pIC50 of 7.3. BCAT-IN-2 shows selectivity for BCATm over BCATc (pIC50=6.6). BCAT-IN-2 can be used for the research of obesity and dislipidema[1].
Dihydrooroxylin A is an active compound. Dihydrooroxylin A can be used as a dietary supplement[1].
ML345 is a potent and selective insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) small-molecule inhibitor, with an IC50 value of 188 nM. ML345 can be for use as a pharmacophore for drug development in diabetes research[1].
Fotagliptin benzoate is a Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV (DPP-4) inhibitor (IC50=2.27 nM). Fotagliptin benzoate displays great security in rat and dog. Fotagliptin benzoate can be used for Type 2 diabetes mellitus research[1].
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium salt (DHEAS) is the most abundant circulating steroid in human. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium salt (DHEAS) affects steroid hormone biosynthesis on a molecular level resulting in an increased formation of pregnenolone[1].
Prafnosbart (DS-6016A) is an IgG1-kappa, anti-ACVR1 (activin A receptor type 1, ACVRLK2, ALK2, ACVR1A, SKR1) humanized monoclonal antibody. Prafnosbart can be used for bone metabolism disorders research[1].
Algestone acetophenide is a progesterone drug. Algestone acetophenide can be used in combination with estrogen as a long-acting injectable contraceptive[1].
(+)-Cembrene A (Compound 5) is a α-glucosidase inhibitor with an IC50 of 30.31 μM. (+)-Cembrene A is nontoxic towards human normal hepatocyte (LO2) cells[1].
Otelixizumab (ChAglyCD3) is an anti-human CD3 monoclonal antibody and can be used for the research of type 1 diabetes[1].
S-(p-Nitrobenzyl)glutathione is a competitive glutathionase inhibitor. S-(p-Nitrobenzyl)glutathione is converted to the corresponding cysteine derivatives by rat kidney microsomes. S-(p-Nitrobenzyl)glutathione can be used for the research of metabolic breakdown of glutathione by the glutathionase system[1][2].
Atorvastatin is an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase used as a cholesterol-lowering medication that blocks the production of cholesterol. Target: HMG-CoA reductaseAtorvastatin is an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase used as a cholesterol-lowering medication that blocks the production of cholesterol. 81 patients were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, or 80 mg atorvastatin once daily for 6 weeks. Plasma LDL cholesterol reductions from baseline were dose related, with 25% to 61% reduction from the minimum dose to the maximum dose of 80 mg atorvastatin once a day [1]. Atorvastatin 10 mg daily is safe and efficacious in reducing the risk of first cardiovascular disease events, including stroke, in patients with type 2 diabetes without high LDL-cholesterol. No justification is available for having a particular threshold level of LDL-cholesterol as the sole arbiter of which patients with type 2 diabetes should receive statins [2].
DL-Lysine-d8 dihydrochloride is the deuterium labeled DL-Lysine[1].
1'-Hydroxy bufuralol-d9 is a deuterium labeled 1'-Hydroxy bufuralol (HY-122277). 1'-Hydroxy bufuralol, the main metabolite of bufuralol, can reflect CYP2D activity[1][2].
2α-Methyl androsterone is an anabolic androgenic steroid metabolite of mesterolone and drostanolone[1].
MB-07729 is a potent fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) noncompetitive inhibitor with IC50 values of 31, 121, and 189 nM for human, monkey, and rat, respectively.
1-Palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine-d9-1 is deuterium labeled 1-Palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine. 1-Palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine is an abundant gonadal LPC (lysophosphatidylcholine)[1].
Lubiprostone-d7 (RU-0211-d7) is the deuterium labeled Lubiprostone. Lubiprostone (RU0211) is a gastrointestinal agent used for the treatment of idiopathic chronic constipation[1][2].
α-Galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.22), that is, α-galactosidase, is a glycoside hydrolase that widely exists in animals, plants and microorganisms, and is often used in biochemical research. α-Galactosidase catalyzes the hydrolysis of α-1,6-linked terminal galactose residues, including galactooligosaccharides, galactomannans, and galactolipids. Catalyzes many catabolic processes including cleavage of glycoproteins, glycolipids and polysaccharides[1].
LY518674 is a potent, selective PPARα antagonist, with an EC50 of 42 nM for human PPARα. LY518674 reduces triglycerides in and increased HDL-C and is used for the treatment of atherosclerosis[1][2][3].
Hyzetimibe is a cholesterol absorption inhibitor. Hyzetimibe blocks the intestinal absorption of cholesterol and phytol. Hyzetimibe is well tolerated in animal models, with an LDmax 2000 mg/kg in rats and an LDmax 500 mg/kg in rhesus monkeys[1].
Sirtuin modulator 2 (Compound 132) is a sirtuin modulator with an ED50 equal or less than 50 μM[1].
Isotachysterol 3 is an analog of 1,25-dihydrox Vitamin D3. Isotachysterol 3 stimulates intestinal calcium transport and bone calcium mobilization in anephric rats[1].
Cholesteryl linoleate is shown to be the major cholesteryl ester contained in LDL and atherosclerotic lesions.