Sulfoxaflor is a sulfoximine insecticide and is an agonist of nAChR1 and nAChR2 subtypes. Sulfoxaflor is used for the control of sap-feeding insects such as Myzus persicae, Aphis gossypii, Bemissia tabaci and Nilaparvata lugens[1].
Magnesium Lithospermate B is a derivative of caffeic acid tetramer and extracted from Salviae miltiorrhizae. Magnesium Lithospermate B is widely used for the research of cardiovascular diseases, and it can protect against glucose-induced intracellular oxidative damage. Magnesium Lithospermate B also suppresses neuroinflammation and attenuates neurodegeneration[1][2][3].
Dexpramipexole 2Hcl(KNS-760704), also known as R-(+)-Pramipexole, is a neuroprotective agent and weak non-ergoline dopamine agonist. IC50 Value:Target: Dopamine ReceptorDexpramipexole has been found to have neuroprotective effects and is being investigated for treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Dexpramipexole reduces mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, inhibits the activation of apoptotic pathways, and increase cell survival in response to a variety of neurotoxins and β-amyloid neurotoxicity. Compared to the S-(-) isomer, Dexpramipexole has much lower dopamine agonist activity.
Aneratrigine is a sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha blocker. Aneratrigine can be used for neuropathic pain diseases research[1].
Hydroxy ziprasidone is an impurity of Ziprasidone[1]. Ziprasidone, an antipsychotic agent, is a combined 5-HT (serotonin) and dopamine receptor antagonist[2].
Sinapine hydroxide is an alkaloid isolated from seeds of the cruciferous species. Sinapine hydroxide exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, anti-angiogenic and radio-protective effects. Sinapine hydroxide is also an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor and can be used for the research of Alzheimer’s disease, ataxia, myasthenia gravis, and Parkinson’s disease[1][2][3][4].
EHT 5372 is a strong inhibitor of DYRK’s family kinases, with IC50s of 0.22, 0.28 nM for DYRK1A and DYRK1B, respectively.
Marmesinin ((-)-Marmesinin), a natural coumarin, is a biosynthetic precursor of psoralen and linear furanocoumarins. Marmesinin exhibits significant neuroprotective activities against glutamate-induced toxicity[1][2].
SUVN-G3031 (SUVN-G 3031) is a potent, selective, orally active histamine H3 receptor (H3R) inverse agonist with Ki of 8.73 nM (hH3R); exhibited an IC50 of 20 nM with progressive inhibition of (R)-α-methylhistamine (0.03 µM) induced agonist activity in [35S]-GTPγS binding assay using CHO-K1 cells expressing human H3R membranes; reverses (R)-α-methylhistamine induced dipsogenia in vivo. Parkinson Disease Phase 1 Clinical
S1R agonist 2 (Compound 8b) is a selective S1R agonist with Kis of 1.1 nM and 88 nM for S1R and S2R, respectively. S1R agonist 2 exhibits neuroprotection against ROS and NMDA-induced neurotoxicity[1].
Basmisanil is a highly selective GABAAα5 negative allosteric modulator.
p38-α MAPK-IN-4 (Compound 69) is a selective p38α MAPK inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.5 µM. p38-α MAPK-IN-4 rapidly and strongly prevents the development of mechanical allodynia (MA) in vivo[1].
Piribedil dihydrochloride is a potent and orally active dopamine D2 and dopamine D3 agonist. Piribedil dihydrochloride is also a α2-adrenoceptors antagonist. Piribedil dihydrochloride can inhibit MLL1 methyltransferase activity (EC50: 0.18 μM). Piribedil dihydrochloride has the potential for the research of parkinson's disease, circulatory disorders, cancers[1][2][3][4].
GSK-3 inhibitor 4 is an orally active and brain-penetrant inhibitor of GSK-3, CDK2, and CDK5, with IC50 values of 0.56 nM (GSK-3β), 0.45 nM (GSK-3α), 0.47 μM, and 0.68 μM, respectively. GSK-3 inhibitor 4 effectively reduces the phosphorylation level of Tau protein. GSK-3 inhibitor 4 can be used in Alzheimer's disease (AD) studies[1].
KF21213 is a highly selective ligand for mapping CNS adenosine A2A receptors. KF21213 shows a high affinity for the adenosine A2A receptors (Ki=3.0 nM).
β-Amyloid (1-16) is a β-Amyloid protein fragment involved in metal binding. Beta-amyloid is a peptide that forms amyloid plaques in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients.
LY393558 is a potent and orally active inhibitor of the 5-HT transporter and an antagonist of 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D receptors. LY393558 increase the extracellular levels of 5-HT in mice model frontal cortex. LY393558 can be used for researching depression[1].
Dieckol, is a naturally occurring phlorotannin found in some brown algal species. Dieckol has anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-aging, anti-diabetic, neuroprotective actions[1].
SEN 12333 (WAY-317538) is a potent, selective and orally active α7 nAChR agonist. SEN12333 displays high affinity for the rat α7 nAChRs expressed in GH4C1 cells (K>i=260 nM) and acts as full agonist in functional Ca2+ flux studies (EC50=1.6 μM). SEN 12333 is used for AD and schizophrenia research[1].
ITI-214 is a picomolar PDE1 inhibitor with excellent selectivity against other PDE family members and against a panel of enzymes, receptors, transporters, and ion channels, exhibits potent PDE1 inhibitory activity (Ki = 58 pM).IC50 value: 58 pM (Ki)Target: PDE1in vitro: ITI-214 exhibits picomolar inhibitory potency for PDE1, demonstrates excellent selectivity against all other PDE families. ITI214 exhibits excellent selectivity over other PDE familymembers. For instance, the Ki values of ITI214 against recombinant full-length human PDE1A, PDE1B, and PDE1C are 33 pM, 380 pM, and 35 pM, respectively. ITI214 is profiled in a panel of enzymes, receptors, transporters, and ion channels from Caliper at 10 μM, which is over 170000 times higher than its Ki for PDE1, and demonstrates good selectivity. [1]in vivo: ITI214 possesses a good overall profile with balanced physicochemical properties, excellent potency and selectivity, and good pharmacokinetics. ITI214 is found to significantly enhance memory performance in the test with a minimum effective dose of 3 mg/kg. [1]
RU 24969 succinate is a 5-HT receptor agonist with Ki values of 0.38 and 2.5 nM for 5-HT1B and 5-HT1A, respectively. RU 24969 decreases fluid consumption and increases forward locomotion. RU 24969 succinate can be used for the research of neurological disease[1][2][3][4].
RMI-61140 is an orally active neuroleptics. RMI-61140 decreases spontaneous motility and muscle tone in mice. RMI-61140 increases barbit urate-induced sleep and causes eyelid ptosis. RMI-61140 can be used for schizophrenia research[1].
αA-Conotoxin OIVA (αA-OIVA) is a selective nAChR antagonist with an IC50 of 56 nM against mammalian fetal muscle nAChR. αA-Conotoxin OIVA is a peptide that can be derived from conotoxin. αA-Conotoxin OIVA paralyzes muscles[1][2].
DMeOB is an agonist of mGluR5 receptor with an IC50 of 3 μM. DMeOB has a negative modulatory effect[1].
Bacopaside N2 is a diglycosidic saponin[1].
Trazpiroben (TAK-906) is a dopamine D2/D3 receptor antagonist used for chronic research of moderate-to-severe gastroparesis[1].
Flibanserin-d4-1 is deuterium labeled Flibanserin. Flibanserin (BIMT-17) is a full agonist of the serotonin 5-HT1A receptor (Ki=1 nM) and an antagonist of 5-HT2A (49 nM). Flibanserin binds to dopamine D4 receptors (4-24 nM), and has negligible affinity for a variety of other neurotransmitter receptors and ion channels. Flibanserin is efficacious in treating hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD)[1][2].
Phenylethynylcarbinol carbamate is a hypnotic agent[1].
Nitrobenzylthioinosine is an ENT1 transporter inhibitor that binds to ENT1 transporter with high affinity. Nitrobenzylthioinosine is a photoaffinity probe for adenosine uptake sites in brain. Nitrobenzylthioinosine can cross the blood-brain barrier[1][2][3].
Dehydropachymic acid is one of the major triterpenes isolated from Poria cocos. Dehydropachymic acid is more effective in autophagy-lysosome pathway (ALP) impaired cells rather than normal cells[1].