Cell Cycle includes many processes necessary for successful self-replication, and consists of DNA synthesis (S) and mitosis (M) phases separated by gap phases in the order G1–S–G2–M. S phase and M phase are usually separated by gap phases called G1 and G2, when cell-cycle progression can be regulated by various intracellular and extracellular signals. In order to move from one phase of its life cycle to the next, a cell must pass through numerous checkpoints. At each checkpoint, specialized proteins determine whether the necessary conditions exist. Progression through G1 phase is controlled by pRB proteins, and phosphorylation of pRB proteins by CDKs releases E2F factors, promoting the transition to S phase. The G2/M transition that commits cells to division is a default consequence of initiating the cell cycle at the G1/S transition, many proteins, such Wee1, PLK1 and cdc25, is involved the regulation of this process. The best-understood checkpoints are those activated by DNA damage and problems with DNA replication.

DNA damage response (DDR) is a series of regulatory events including DNA damage, cell-cycle arrest, regulation of DNA replication, and repair or bypass of DNA damage to ensure the maintenance of genomic stability and cell viability. Genome instability arises if cells initiate mitosis when chromosomes are only partially replicated or are damaged by a double-strand DNA break (DSB). To prevent cells with damaged DNA from entering mitosis, ATR inhibits cyclin B/Cdk1 activation by stimulating the Cdk1 inhibitory kinase Wee1 and inhibiting Cdc25C via Chk1, besides, ATM and ATR also initiate DNA repair by phosphorylating several other substrates.

In cancer cells, the cell cycle regulators as well as other elements of the DDR pathway have been found to protect tumor cells from different stresses and to promote tumor progression. Thus, cell cycle proteins that directly regulate cell cycle progression (such as CDKs), as well as checkpoint kinases, Aurora kinases and PLKs, are promising targets in cancer therapy.

References:
[1] Rhind N, et al. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2012 Oct; 4(10): a005942.
[2] Duronio RJ, et al. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2013 Mar; 5(3): a008904.
[3] Liu W, et al. Mol Cancer. 2017 Mar 14;16(1):60.
[4] Ghelli Luserna di Rora' A, et al. J Hematol Oncol. 2017 Mar 29;10(1):77.


Anti-infection >
Arenavirus Bacterial CMV Enterovirus Filovirus Fungal HBV HCV HIV HSV Influenza Virus Parasite Reverse Transcriptase RSV SARS-CoV
Antibody-drug Conjugate >
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Apoptosis >
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Autophagy >
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Metabolic Enzyme/Protease >
15-PGDH 5 alpha Reductase 5-Lipoxygenase Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Acyltransferase Adenosine Deaminase Adenosine Kinase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Aldose Reductase Aminopeptidase Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) ATGL ATP Citrate Lyase Carbonic Anhydrase Carboxypeptidase Cathepsin CETP COMT Cytochrome P450 Dipeptidyl Peptidase Dopamine β-hydroxylase E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Elastase Enolase FAAH FABP Factor Xa Farnesyl Transferase Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) FXR Glucokinase GSNOR Gutathione S-transferase HCV Protease Hexokinase HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase HIV Integrase HIV Protease HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) HSP Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) Lactate Dehydrogenase LXR MAGL Mineralocorticoid Receptor Mitochondrial Metabolism MMP Nampt NEDD8-activating Enzyme Neprilysin PAI-1 PDHK PGC-1α Phosphatase Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Phospholipase Procollagen C Proteinase Proteasome Pyruvate Kinase RAR/RXR Renin ROR Ser/Thr Protease SGK Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) Thrombin Tryptophan Hydroxylase Tyrosinase Xanthine Oxidase
Neuronal Signaling >
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NF-κB >
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Balapiravir hydrochloride

Balapiravir hydrochloride (Ro 4588161 hydrochloride; R1626 hydrochloride) is an orally active prodrug of a nucleoside analogue inhibitor of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of HCV (R1479; 4'-Azidocytidine). Balapiravir hydrochloride has anti-HCV activity[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 690270-65-6
  • MF: C21H31ClN6O8
  • MW: 530.95900
  • Catalog: HCV
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Phenol, 2-[6-fluoro-3-[[(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]amino]imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl]-

Antiproliferative agent-14 (compound 3b) a potent tubulin polymerization inhibitor, with an IC50 of 3.41 μM. Antiproliferative agent-14 has excellent antiproliferative activity. Antiproliferative agent-14 possess the ability to arrest cells at G2/M phases of the cell cycle[1].

  • CAS Number: 1885900-35-5
  • MF: C21H18FN3O2
  • MW: 363.38
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

PARP7-IN-16

PARP7-IN-16 (compound 36) is a potent, selective and orally active inhibitor of PARP-1/2/7, with IC50s of 0.94, 0.87 and 0.21 nM, respectively. PARP7-IN-16 can be used for the research of breast cancer and prostate cancer[1].

  • CAS Number: 2435657-10-4
  • MF: C25H26FN4NaO4
  • MW: 488.49
  • Catalog: PARP
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

3’-Amino-3’-deoxycytidine

3’-Amino-3’-deoxycytidine is a purine nucleoside analogue. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 70580-89-1
  • MF: C9H14N4O4
  • MW: 242.23
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: 1.9±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 531.3±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 275.1±32.9 °C

TBB

TBB is a cell-permeable and ATP-competitive CK2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.15 μM for rat liver CK2.

  • CAS Number: 17374-26-4
  • MF: C6HBr4N3
  • MW: 434.708
  • Catalog: Casein Kinase
  • Density: 2.8±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 552.5±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 262-266ºC
  • Flash Point: 288.0±28.7 °C

Dihydro-5-azacytidine acetate

Dihydro-5-azacytidine acetate (DHAC), the nucleoside analog, is incorporated into DNA and inhibits DNA methylation. Dihydro-5-azacytidine acetate has an antitumor activity[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 2470972-18-8
  • MF: C10H18N4O7
  • MW: 306.27
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

MA-0204

MA-0204 is a potent, highly selective and orally available peroxisome proliferator activated receptor δ (PPARδ) modulator with EC50s of 0.4 nM, 7.9 nM and 10 nM for human, mouse and rat PPARδ, respectively. Potential treatment for Duchene Muscular Dystrophy (DMD)[1].

  • CAS Number: 2095128-17-7
  • MF: C25H27F3N2O4
  • MW: 476.49
  • Catalog: PPAR
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

VcMMAE

VcMMAE is a drug-linker conjugate for ADC with potent antitumor activity by using the anti-mitotic agent, monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), linked via the lysosomally cleavable dipeptide, valine-citrulline (vc).

  • CAS Number: 646502-53-6
  • MF: C68H105N11O15
  • MW: 1316.626
  • Catalog: Drug-Linker Conjugates for ADC
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 1347.6±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 768.8±34.3 °C

Tipiracil hydrochloride

Tipiracil (hydrochloride) is a thymidine phosphorylase inhibitor (TPI), used for cancer research.

  • CAS Number: 183204-72-0
  • MF: C9H12Cl2N4O2
  • MW: 279.123
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

PD0166285

PD0166285 is a WEE1 inhibitor and a weak Myt1 inhibitor with IC50s of 24 and 72 nM, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 185039-89-8
  • MF: C26H27Cl2N5O2
  • MW: 512.431
  • Catalog: Wee1
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 665.3±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 356.2±34.3 °C

LB80317

LB80317 is an active metabolite of LB80380 and suppresses the DNA synthesis of HBV with an EC50 of 0.5 μM. LB80317 has antiviral effect and has the potential for chronic hepatitis B treatment[1][2].

  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

M2N12

M2N12 is a potent and highly selective cell division cycle 25C protein phosphatase (Cdc25C) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.09  μM. M2N12 also has promising activity against Cdc25A and Cdc25B with IC50 values of  0.53  μM and 1.39 μM. Anti-tumor activity[1].

  • CAS Number: 2376577-06-7
  • MF: C20H16ClN5O2
  • MW: 393.83
  • Catalog: CDK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

2-Chloro-N6-isopropyladenosine

2-Chloro-N6-isopropyladenosine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 23541-30-2
  • MF: C13H18ClN5O4
  • MW: 343.77
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Cdc7-IN-9

Cdc7-IN-9 is a potent Cdc7 inhibitor and can be used for cancer research[1].

  • CAS Number: 2649407-21-4
  • MF: C15H17N5OS
  • MW: 315.39
  • Catalog: CDK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

1,2, 4-Triazine-3,5 (2H,4H)-dione, 2-(2-deoxy-.beta.-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-

6-Aza-2'-deoxyuridine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 20500-29-2
  • MF: C8H11N3O5
  • MW: 229.19
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: 1.9g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Combretastatin A-1

Combretastatin A-1 is a microtubule polymerization inhibitor that binds to the colchicine-binding site of tubulin. Combretastatin A-1 inhibits the Wnt/β-catenin pathway through tubulin depolymerization mediated AKT deactivation. Combretastatin A-1 exhibits anti-tumor and anti-vascular effects[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 109971-63-3
  • MF: C18H20O6
  • MW: 332.348
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 528.4±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 273.3±30.1 °C

FLT3/ITD-IN-4

FLT3/ITD-IN-4 (Compound 16) is a selective FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 internal tandem duplications (FLT3-ITD) inhibitor with an IC50 of 2.3 nM. FLT3/ITD-IN-4 can be used for acute myeloid leukemia research[1].

  • CAS Number: 2278278-04-7
  • MF: C25H22N4O5
  • MW: 458.47
  • Catalog: CDK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

CDK12-IN-6

CDK12-IN-6, a pyrazolotriazine, is a potent CDK12 inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.19 μM at high ATP (2 mM). CDK12-IN-6 has no effect on CDK2/Cyclin E (IC50>20 μM) and CDK9/Cyclin T1 (IC50>20 μM) at high ATP (2 mM) (WO2021116178A1)[1].

  • CAS Number: 2651196-71-1
  • MF: C20H21F2N9
  • MW: 425.44
  • Catalog: CDK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

1-Amino-7-cyclopropyl methyl-7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-9-(β-D-xylofuranosyl)guanine

1-Amino-7-cyclopropyl methyl-7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-9-(β-D-xylofuranosyl)guanine is a purine nucleoside analogue. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 2389988-22-9
  • MF: C14H20N6O6
  • MW: 368.35
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Indirubin-3′-oxime

Indirubin-3′-oxime (IDR3O), a synthetic derivative of indirubin, is a potent inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β). Indirubin-3′-oxime directly inhibits the activity of all three isoforms of JNK (JNK1, JNK2, and JNK3), with IC50s of 0.8 μM, 1.4 μM, and 1.0 μM, respectively. Indirubin-3′-oxime can enhance height growth via activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in chondrocytes[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 667463-82-3
  • MF: C16H11N3O2
  • MW: 277.28
  • Catalog: CDK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

DMT-dT Phosphoramidite-13C

DMT-dT Phosphoramidite-13C is 13C-labeled DMT-dT Phosphoramidite (HY-W013068). DMT-dT Phosphoramidite is typically used in the synthesis of DNA.

  • CAS Number: 115653-31-1
  • MF: C3913CH49N4O8P
  • MW: 745.81
  • Catalog: DNA/RNA Synthesis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

2-Chloro-6-(thiophen-3-yl)purine-beta-D-(3’-deoxy-3’-fluoro)riboside

2-Chloro-6-(thiophen-3-yl)purine-beta-D-(3’-deoxy-3’-fluoro)riboside is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 1612192-01-4
  • MF: C14H12ClFN4O3S
  • MW: 370.79
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

6-(2-O-Methyl-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-3-(2-oxo-propyl)-6H-iMidazo[1,2-c]pyriMidin-5-one

6-((2R,3R,4R,5R)-4-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methoxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-3-(2-oxopropyl)imidazo[1,2-c]pyrimidin-5(6H)-one is a purine nucleoside analogue. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 2095417-54-0
  • MF: C15H19N3O6
  • MW: 337.33
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

USP7-IN-3

USP7-IN-3 (Compound 5) is a potent and selective allosteric ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7) inhibitor[1].

  • CAS Number: 2202738-42-7
  • MF: C29H31F3N6O3
  • MW: 568.59
  • Catalog: Deubiquitinase
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

GDC-0575(ARRY-575)

GDC-0575 (ARRY-575, RG7741) is a highly-selective oral small-molecule Chk1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.2 nM.

  • CAS Number: 1196541-47-5
  • MF: C16H20BrN5O
  • MW: 378.27
  • Catalog: Checkpoint Kinase (Chk)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Neuroinflammatory-IN-3

Neuroinflammatory-IN-3, a tubulin inhibitor, is an anti-neuroinflammatory agent. Neuroinflammatory-IN-3 is a potent antitumor agent that functions by the inhibition of tubulin polymerization[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1202404-23-6
  • MF: C19H19ClO3
  • MW: 330.81
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Fludarabine triphosphate

Fludarabine triphosphate (F-ara-ATP), the cytotoxic metabolite of Fludarabine phosphate (HY-B0028), inhibits ribonucleotide reductase and DNA polymerase and ultimately leads to cellular apoptosis[1].

  • CAS Number: 74832-57-8
  • MF: C10H15FN5O13P3
  • MW: 525.17
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

10-formylfolic acid (25 mg)

10-Formylfolic acid is a potent inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase. 10-Formylfolic acid be used as an early indicator of leukemia[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 134-05-4
  • MF: C20H19N7O7
  • MW: 469.40800
  • Catalog: Antifolate
  • Density: 1.67g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Ro3280

Ro3280 is a potent, highly selective inhibitor of PLK1 with an IC50 and a Kd of 3 nM and 0.09 nM, respectively, and nearly has no effect on PLK2 and PLK3.

  • CAS Number: 1062243-51-9
  • MF: C27H35F2N7O3
  • MW: 543.609
  • Catalog: Polo-like Kinase (PLK)
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

LG308

LG308 is a novel synthetic compound with antimicrotubule activity. LG308 induces mitotic phase arrest and inhibits G2/M progression significantly which is associated with the upregulation of cyclin B1 and mitotic marker MPM-2 and the dephosphorylation of cdc2. LG308 also induces apoptosis and cell death. LG308 significantly suppresses tumor growth. LG308 with antimitotic activity has the potential for the research of prostate cancer[1].

  • CAS Number: 1428341-65-4
  • MF: C19H17FN2O
  • MW: 308.35
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A