Pilocarpine is a selective M3-type muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M3 muscarinic receptor) agonist.
[Tyr4]-Bombesin is a Bombesin analogue, is a ligand of gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR)[1].
MK-3207 (Hydrochloride) is a potent and orally bioavailable CGRP receptor antagonist with IC50 of 0.12 nM and Ki of 0.024 nM, and is highly selective versus human AM1, AM2, CTR, and AMY3.
BAY-784 is a gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor (GnRH-R) antagonist probe with IC50s of 21 and 24 nM for human and rat GnRH-R, respectively[1].
Bavisant Hcl (JNJ-31001074) is a highly selective, orally active antagonist of the human H3 receptor with a novel mechanism of action, involving wakefulness and cognition, with potential as a treatment for ADHD. IC50 Value: Target: H3 receptorin vitro: Bavisant completed a phase II ADHD trial, but no results have been reported [1].in vivo: Mean change from baseline in the total ADHD-RS-IV score at day 42 (primary efficacy endpoint) was -8.8 in the placebo group versus -9.3, -11.2 and -12.2 in the bavisant 1?mg/day, 3?mg/day and 10?mg/day groups, respectively; the change in the 10?mg/day group was not statistically superior to placebo (p=0.161), and hence statistical comparisons of the 1?mg/day and 3?mg/day groups with placebo based on a step-down closed testing procedure were not performed [2].Clinical trial: A Study to Characterize the Pharmacokinetics and Effect of Food on JNJ-31001074 in Healthy Volunteers. Phase 2
Alexamorelin is a new synthetic heptapeptide which inhibits GHS binding in vitro.
Ocaperidone is an effective antipsychotic agent, acting as a potent 5-HT2 and dopamine D2 antagonist, and a 5-HT1A agonist, with Kis of 0.14 nM, 0.46 nM, 0.75 nM, 1.6 nM and 5.4 nM for 5-HT2, a1-adrenergic receptor, dopamine D2, histamine H1 and a2-adrenergic receptor, respectively, and a pEC50 and pKi of 7.60 and 8.08 for h5-HT1A.
Org37684 is a highly potent 5-HT2C receptor agonist (pEC50=8.17). Org37684 exhibits a rank order of potency of 5-HT2C>5-HT2B>5-HT2A. Its selectivity for the 5-HT2C receptor is approximately 2.5 times over the 5-HT2B (pEC50=7.96) and ten times for the 5-HT2A (pEC50=7.11) receptor[1].
GR 128107 is an antagonist of melatonin receptor.
(2S,3S)-E1R (Compound 2d) is an enantiomer of E1R. (2S,3S)-E1R is a sigma-1 receptor positive allosteric modulator (Sig1R PAM) for the treatment of cognition/memory disorders[1].
GI 181771 is a cholecystokinin 1 receptor agonist investigated for the treatment of obesity.
Propantheline bromide is an antimuscarinic agent, used for the treatment of hyperhidrosis, cramps or spasms of the stomach, intestines or bladder, and enuresis.
Zatosetron maleate is a potent and selective 5HT3 receptor antagonist.
AG-045572 is a GnRH receptor antagonist with Kis of 6.0 nM and 3.8 nM for human and rat GnRH receptor, respectively. AG-045572 is metabolized by CYP3A and ressuppresses testosterone[1].
GLP-1 receptor agonist 7 is a potent agonist of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). GLP-1 receptor agonist 7 has the potential for the research of GLP-1-associated diseases, disorders, and conditions including diabetes mellitus (extracted from patent WO2021219019A1, compound 130b)[1].
Trimipramine is a 5-HT receptor antagonist, with pKi binding values of 6.39, 8.10, 4.66 for 5-HT1C, 5-HT2 and 5-HT1A, respectively. Trimipramine is also a potent and selective inhibitor targeting human noradrenaline (hNAT), serotonin (hSERT) and organic cation transporters (hOCT1, hOCT2) with IC50 values of 4.99 μM, 2.11 μM, 3.72 μM, 8.00 μM, respectively. Trimipramine has vascular activity and anxiolytic efficacy[1][2][3].
Fosaprepitant (L-758298) is a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.IC50 Value:Target: NK1 receptorin vitro: Fosaprepitant (also known as MK-0517 and L-758,298) is a water-soluble phosphoryl prodrug for aprepitant, which, when administered intravenously, is converted to aprepitant within 30 min of intravenous administration via the action of ubiquitous phosphatases. Owing to the rapid conversion offosaprepitant to the active form (aprepitant), fosaprepitant 115 mg provided the same aprepitant exposure in terms of AUC as aprepitant 12 mg orally, and fosaprepitant is expected to provide a correspondingly similar antiemetic effect as aprepitant [1]. in vivo: Fosaprepitant is well tolerated with mild to moderate venous irritation being the only additional toxicity to those seen with oral aprepitant, and that is a function of dose, concentration, and infusion rate [2]. Patients receiving cisplatin ≥ 70 mg/m(2) for the first time received ondansetron and dexamethasone with a standard aprepitant regimen (125 mg on day 1, 80 mg on day 2, 80 mg on day 3) or a single-dose fosaprepitant regimen (150 mg on day 1) [3]. Single-dose fosaprepitant used in combination with granisetron and dexamethasone was well-tolerated and effective in preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients receiving highly emetogenic cancer chemotherapy, including high-dose cisplatin [4].
Mosapramine (Clospipramine) is an orally active and potent dopamine receptor antagonist with high affinity to dopamine receptor subtypes 2, 3 and 4, and with moderate affinity for the 5-HT2 receptor. Mosapramine shows antipsychotic activity and can be used in schizophrenia research[1][2].
Rocastine is a selective, nonsedating H1 antagonist, acting as an antihistamine.
Landipirdine is a selective antagonist of 5-HT6R. Landipirdine has great effect on the hERG pharmacophore[1].
Brompheniramine ((±)-Brompheniramine) is a potent and orally active antihistamine of the alkylamine class. Brompheniramine is a selective histamine H1 receptor antagonist with a Kd of 6.06 nM. Brompheniramine can block the hERG channels, calcium channels, and sodium channels with IC50s of 0.90 μM, 16.12 μM and 21.26 μM, respectively. Brompheniramine has anticholinergic, antidepressant and anesthetic properties and can be used for allergic rhinitis research[1][2][3][4].
F992 is an antidiuretic peptide and vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone) analogue[1].
BMS-986020 is an LPA1 antagonist.target: LPA1BMS-986020 is in Phase 2 clinical development for treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. BMS-986020 selectively inhibits the LPA receptor, which is involved in binding of the signaling molecule lysophosphatidic acid, which in turn is involved in a host of diverse biological functions, such as cell proliferation, platelet aggregation, smooth muscle contraction and others.
Swertisin, a C-glucosylflavone isolated from Swertia japonica, is known to have antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Swertisin is an adenosine A1 receptor antagonist[1][2].
Lidamidine hydrochloride (WHR-1142A) is an α2-adrenergic receptor agonist and antidiarrheal agent[1].
MCHr1 antagonist 2 is an antagonist of melanin concentrating hormone receptor 1, with an IC50 of 65 nM; MCHr1 antagonist 2 also inhibits hERG, with an IC50 of 4.0 nM in IMR-32 cells.
Ursodeoxycholic acid-13C is the 13C labeled Ursodeoxycholic acid. Ursodeoxycholic acid (Ursodeoxycholate) is a secondary bile acid issued from the transformation of (cheno)deoxycholic acid by intestinal bacteria, acting as a key regulator of the intestinal barrier integrity and essential for lipid metabolism. Ursodeoxycholic acid acts as signaling molecule, exerting its effects by interacting with bile acid activated receptors, including G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 5 (TGR5, GPCR19) and the farnesoid X receptor (FXR). Ursodeoxycholic acid can be used for the research of a variety of hepatic and gastrointestinal diseases. Orally active[1][2].
Pirenzepine (LS 519 free base) is a selective M1 mAChR (muscarinic acetylcholine receptor) antagonist. Pirenzepine reduces gastric acid secretion and reduces muscle spasm, can be used in peptic ulcers research. Pirenzepine shows anti-proliferative activity to cancer cells[1][2].
Fevipiprant(QAW039) is a selective, potent, reversible competitive CRTh2 antagonist with an in vitro dissociation constant KD value of 1.1nM at the CRTh2 receptor and an IC50 value of 0.44 nM for inhibition of PGD2-induced eosinophil shape change in human whole blood.IC50:0.44 nM(PGD2-induced eosinophil shape change)Kd value:1.1nM(CRTh2 receptor)[1]In vitro: CRTh2-mediated shape change in eosinophils was used to profile QAW039 in whole blood and represents a physiologically relevant environment. The comparable IC50 values for QAW039 in the whole blood and isolated shape-change assays are consistent with its lower plasma-protein binding and its relatively slow dissociation kinetics that drive its increased potency .QAW039 is highly potent in whole-blood systems, with the IC50 value obtained consistent with the affinity values calculated from radioligand experiments. In a further disease-relevant cellular context, the potency of QAW039 in the isolated Th2 cell cytokine inhibition assay is consistent with its CRTh2 receptor affinity, and, as with eosinophil assay readouts, this represents an improved potency compared with QAV680[2].
CMPD167 (MRK-1) is an orally acitve small molecule that binds to CCR5 to inhibit gp120 association, inhibits different stages of the virus-cell attachment and entry process (CCR5-using virus SHIV-162P3, IC50<1 nM).