12,13-DiHOME is a stimulator of Brown adipose tissue (BAT), as well as a thermogenic lipokine that activates BAT in response to cold. (±)12,13-DiHOME activates BAT fuel uptake and enhances cold tolerance, via promoting the translocation of the FA transporters FATP1 and CD36 to the cell membrane. (±)12,13-DiHOME can be used for research of metabolic disorders[1].
Pegozafermin is a fibroblast growth factor FGF21 (HY-P7012) analog, which is an endogenous metabolic hormone and regulates energy expenditure and glucose and lipid metabolism. Pegozafermin decreases the level of triglyceride (TG), can be used for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and severe hypertriglyceridemia (SHTG)[1][2].
Preptin, an osteogenic peptide product of the pancreatic beta-cell, corresponds to Asp69-Leu102 of pro-IGF-II[1].
Biotin is a water-soluble, enzyme co-factor present in minute amounts in every living cell.Target: OthersBiotin is necessary for cell growth, the production of fatty acids, and the metabolism of fats and amino acids. It plays a role in the citric acid cycle, which is the process by which biochemical energy is generated during aerobic respiration. Biotin is a coenzyme for carboxylase enzymes, involved in the synthesis of fatty acids, isoleucine, and valine, and in gluconeogenesis. In addition, biotin is widely used throughout the biotechnology industry to conjugate proteins for biochemical assays. The dietary biotin intake in Western populations has been estimated to be 35 to 70 microg/d (143-287 nmol/d). Recent studies suggest that humans absorb biotin nearly completely. Conditions that may increase biotin requirements in humans include pregnancy, lactation, and therapy with anticonvulsants or lipoic acid [1, 2].
Phaseic acid is a Abscisic acid terpenoid catabolite that can able to activate a subset of Abscisic acid repectors. Phaseic acid is a plant hormone associated with photosynthesis arrest and abscission[1].
Pancreatic polypeptide is a peptide secreted by the endocrine PP cells of the pancreas that regulates pancreatic secretory activity and also affects hepatic glycogen stores and gastrointestinal secretion[1].
Adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate disodium is a metabolism intermediates of sulfur. Adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate disodium can used in study sulfotransferases and sulforeductases in various organisms[1].
DPP-IV-IN-1 is a potent inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV), a highly specific serine protease, with an IC50 of 4.6 nM.
SREBP/SCAP-IN-1(compound 10b) is a selectiveSREBP/SCAPinhibitor[1].
KL201 a circadian clock modulator, is a isoform-selective cryptochrome 1 (CRY1) stabilizer. KL201 has no stabilizing effect on CRY2. KL201 lengthens the period of circadian rhythms in cells and tissues[1].
ELOVL6-IN-4 is a potent, selective, and orally active long chain fatty acid elongase 6 (ELOVL6) inhibitor with IC50s of 79 nM and 94 nM for human and mouse ELOVL6, respectively. ELOVL6-IN-4 shows excellent selectivity over the other human ELOVL subtypes (ELOVL1, -2, -3, and -5) and mouse ELOVL3[1].
SRT 1720 is a selective activator of human SIRT1 with an EC1.5 of 0.16 μM, and shows less potent activities agaiinst SIRT2 and SIRT3 with EC1.5s of 37 μM and > 300 μM, respectively.
A2B receptor antagonist 2 (compound 18) is an adenosine receptor A2B antagonist, with Ki values of 2.30 μM, 6.8 μM and 3.44 μM for rA1, rA2A and hA2B, respectively[1].
Xanthosine 5'-monophosphate sodium salt (5'-Xanthylic acid sodium salt) is an intermediate in purine metabolism. Xanthosine 5'-monophosphate sodium salt can be used for genetic code, nucleic acid structure, and DNA, RNA and protein synthesis research[1].
Methyl p-tert-butylphenylacetate is an endogenous metabolite.
THX-B is a potent and non-peptidic p75NTR (neurotrophin receptor p75) antagonist. THX-B can be used in the research of diabetic kidney disease, neurodegenerative and inflammatory disorders[1][2][3].
ERK Inhibitor II (Negative control) is an effective inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). ERK Inhibitor II (Negative control) inhibits the activation of insulin receptor, which can be used in the study of diabetes[1][2].
Ercalcitriol (1α,25-Dihydroxy Vitamin D2) is a active metabolite of vitamin D2. IC50 value: Target: Ercalcitriol (1α,25-Dihydroxy Vitamin D2) exhibits equipotent antirachitic activity in rats as calcitriol. Ercalcitriol(1α,25-Dihydroxy Vitamin D2) is a VDR-like Receptors
4-Nitrophenyl α-L-rhamnopyranoside is a rhamnose-a substrate for rhamnosidase[1].
Dimethyl sulfone is an endogenous metabolite.
11β-HSD1-IN-12 is a 11β-HSD1 inhibitor (Example 21 in reference patent). 11β-HSD1 regenerates active glucocorticoids from inactive forms and is important in regulating intracellular glucocorticoid concentration. 11β-HSD1-IN-12 can be used in the research of obesity and metabolic syndrome[1].
KLKKTETQ is a bioactive peptide with anti-aging effect and has been reported used as a cosmetic ingredient[1].
1-Dodecanol is an endogenous metabolite.
Diethyl fumarate is an endogenous metabolite.
Tiopronin-d3 is the deuterium labeled Tiopronin. Tiopronin is a diffusible antioxidant, an antidote to heavy metal poisoning and a radioprotective agent. Tiopronin can control the rate of cystine precipitation and excretion and has the potential for cystinuria, rheumatoid arthritis and hepatic disorders[1][2].
Anisotropine methobromide is an orally active anticholinergic muscarinic antagonist. Anisotropine methobromide can inhibit gastric acid secretion and is used as an adjunct to peptic ulcers[1].
Azumolene (EU4093 free base), a Dantrolene analog, is a muscle relaxant. Azumolene is a ryanodine receptor (RyR) modulator and inhibits the calcium-release through ryanodine receptor. Azumolene can be used for malignant hyperthermia research[1][2].
Sevelamer carbonate is an orally active and non-calcium-based phosphate binding agent and used for the hyperphosphatemia of chronic kidney disease (CKD)research. Sevelamer carbonate effectively lowers serum phosphorus levels hile having minimal effect on serum calcium or serum chloride levels in vivo. Sevelamer carbonate is considered as an improved, buffered form of sevelamer (HY-13995)[1][2].
4,5-Dimethoxycanthin-6-one is a potent and uncompetitive inhibitor of CYP1A2-mediated phenacetin O-deethylation with an IC50 value of 1.7μM and a Ki value of 2.6 μM. 4,5-Dimethoxycanthin-6-one, as an alkaloid, is isolated from the wood of Picrasma quassioides BENNET (Simaroubaceae)[1][2].
Collagenase is a proteolytic enzyme, which breaks the peptide bonds in collagen. Collagenase has good research potential in disc herniation, keloid, cellulite, lipoma, as well as peyronie's disease and dupuytren fracture[1].