Phenamil methanesulfonate, an analog of Amiloride (HY-B0285), is a more potent and less reversible epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) blocker with an IC50 of 400 nM[2]. Phenamil methanesulfonate is also a competive inhibitor of TRPP3 and inhibits TRPP3-mediated Ca2+ transport with an IC50 of 140 nM in a Ca2+ uptake assay[1]. Phenamil methanesulfonate is an intriguing small molecule to promote bone repair by strongly activating BMP signaling pathway[4]. Phenamil methanesulfonate is used for the research of cystic fibrosis lung disease[5].
11β-HSD1-IN-6 is a an 11β-HSD-1 inhibitor. The 11β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzymes (11β-HSDs) mediate the interconversion of the glucocorticoid (GC) corticosterone or cortisol to an inactive form, 11-dehydrocorticosterone (11-DHC) or Cortisone, respectively[1].
Beinaglutide is a recombinant human GLP-1 (rhGLP-1) that shares almost 100% homology with human GLP-1 (7–36). Beinaglutide displays does-dependent effects in glycemic control, inhibiting food intake and gastric empty and promoting weight loss. Beinaglutide has the potential for the research of overweight/obesity and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)[1][2].
Cleistanthin B (Diphyllin O-glucoside) is an orally active arylnaphthalene lignan lactone glycoside. Cleistanthin B exhibits anti-SARS-CoV-2 effects in Vero cells, with EC50 of 6.51 µM. Cleistanthin B also exhibits antitumor, diuretic and antihypertensive effects in vivo[1][2][3][4].
Octanoic acid-13C4 (Caprylic acid-13C4) is the 13C labeled Octanoic acid. Octanoic acid (Caprylic acid) is an oily liquid with a slightly unpleasant rancid taste and used commercially in the production of esters used in perfumery and also in the manufacture of dyes.
SCD1 inhibitor-1 is a potent and liver-selective stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) inhibitor[1].
Caffeoyltryptophan is a competitive PTP1B inhibitor, with an IC50 of 16.99 μM. Caffeoyltryptophan can also inhibit α-glucosidase, linoleic acid peroxidation and haemolysis. Caffeoyltryptophan can be used for the research of type 2 diabetes[1].
Digoxigenin monodigitoxoside is a Na+/K+ ATPase inhibitor and cardiac glycoside metabolite of digoxin.
Thiamine monochloride (Vitamin B1) is an essential vitamin that plays an important role in cellular production of energy from ingested food and enhances normal neuronal actives.
Velagliflozin is an orally available sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, with anti-diabetic activity.
Topiroxostat-d4 is deuterium labeled Topiroxostat. Topiroxostat (FYX-051) is a potent and orally active xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 5.3 nM and a Ki value of 5.7 nM. Topiroxostat exhibits weak CYP3A4-inhibitory activity (18.6%). Topiroxostat has the potential for hyperuricemia treatment[1][2].
(E/Z)-BIX02188 is a MEK5/ERK5 pathway inhibitor. (E/Z)-BIX02188 inhibits the catalytic function of purified MEK5 enzyme.(E/Z)-BIX02188 can be used for the role of MEK5/ERK5 pathway in various biological systems [1].
SAR407899 hydrochloride is a selective, potent and ATP-competitive ROCK inhibitor, with an IC50 of 135 nM for ROCK-2, and Kis of 36 nM and 41 nM for human and rat ROCK-2, respectively.
Angiotensin II (1-4), human is an endogenous peptide produced from AT I by angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE). Angiotensin II binds the AT II type 1 (AT1) receptor, stimulating GPCRs in vascular smooth muscle cells and increasing intracellular Ca2+ levels. Angiotensin II also acts at the Na+/H+ exchanger in the proximal tubules of the kidney[1][2].
L-Leucine-2-13C is the 13C-labeled L-Leucine. L-Leucine is an essential branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), which activates the mTOR signaling pathway[1].
Methyl tanshinonate is a tanshinone, that can be isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza (S. miltiorrhiza) Bunge (Lamiaceae). Methyl tanshinonate is a potent inhibitor of Mpro enzyme in SARS-CoV (IC50 = 21.1 µM). Methyl tanshinonate can be used for diabetes and SARS-CoV research[1][2][3].
Lingdolinurad is urate transporter inhibitor, targeting to hURAT1.Lingdolinurad can be used for research in hyperuricemia in vitro and in vivo[1].
Pegloxenatide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1 RA) agonist. Pegloxenatide can be used for type 2 diabetes research[1].
D-Valine is the enantiomer of L-Valine (HY-N0717). L-Valine is one of 20 proteinogenic amino acids. L-Valine is an essential amino acid.
Lacto-N-difucohexaose I (LNDFH I), a linker, could be used to combine oligosaccharides containing Lewis b sugar chain to water insoluble polysaccharide[1].
12,13-DiHOME is a stimulator of Brown adipose tissue (BAT), as well as a thermogenic lipokine that activates BAT in response to cold. (±)12,13-DiHOME activates BAT fuel uptake and enhances cold tolerance, via promoting the translocation of the FA transporters FATP1 and CD36 to the cell membrane. (±)12,13-DiHOME can be used for research of metabolic disorders[1].
Pegozafermin is a fibroblast growth factor FGF21 (HY-P7012) analog, which is an endogenous metabolic hormone and regulates energy expenditure and glucose and lipid metabolism. Pegozafermin decreases the level of triglyceride (TG), can be used for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and severe hypertriglyceridemia (SHTG)[1][2].
Celosin I, an oleanane-type triterpenoid saponin isolated from the seeds of Celosia argentea L, could be used as chemical markers for the quality control of C. argentea seeds. Celosin I exhibits significant hepatoprotective effect on carbon tetrachloride-induced and N,N-dimethylformamide-induced hepatotoxicity in mice[1][2].
Preptin, an osteogenic peptide product of the pancreatic beta-cell, corresponds to Asp69-Leu102 of pro-IGF-II[1].
Biotin is a water-soluble, enzyme co-factor present in minute amounts in every living cell.Target: OthersBiotin is necessary for cell growth, the production of fatty acids, and the metabolism of fats and amino acids. It plays a role in the citric acid cycle, which is the process by which biochemical energy is generated during aerobic respiration. Biotin is a coenzyme for carboxylase enzymes, involved in the synthesis of fatty acids, isoleucine, and valine, and in gluconeogenesis. In addition, biotin is widely used throughout the biotechnology industry to conjugate proteins for biochemical assays. The dietary biotin intake in Western populations has been estimated to be 35 to 70 microg/d (143-287 nmol/d). Recent studies suggest that humans absorb biotin nearly completely. Conditions that may increase biotin requirements in humans include pregnancy, lactation, and therapy with anticonvulsants or lipoic acid [1, 2].
GLP-1(28-36)amide, a C-terminal nonapeptide of GLP-1, is a major product derived from the cleavage of GLP-1 by the neutral endopeptidase (NEP). GLP-1(28-36)amide is an antioxidant and targets to mitochondrion, inhibits mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). GLP-1(28-36)amide has anti-diabetic and cardioprotection effects[1].
Phaseic acid is a Abscisic acid terpenoid catabolite that can able to activate a subset of Abscisic acid repectors. Phaseic acid is a plant hormone associated with photosynthesis arrest and abscission[1].
L-873724 is a potent, orally bioavailable, selective and reversible[2] non-basic cathepsin K inhibitor, with IC50s of 0.2, 178, 264, and 5239 nM for cathepsin K, cathepsin S, cathepsin L, cathepsin B, respectively[1]. L-873724 also exhibits an IC50 of 0.5 nM for rabbit cathepsin K. L-873724 inhibits bone resorption[2].
L-Alanine-13C2 (L-2-Aminopropionic acid-13C2) is the 13C-labeled L-Alanine. L-Alanine is a non-essential amino acid, involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases immunity, and provides energy for muscle tissue, brain, and central nervous system.
Pancreatic polypeptide is a peptide secreted by the endocrine PP cells of the pancreas that regulates pancreatic secretory activity and also affects hepatic glycogen stores and gastrointestinal secretion[1].