Dimethadione is the primary metabolite of trimethadione. Dimethadione causes depression of neuromuscular transmission. Dimethadione primarily decreases transmitter release from the nerve terminal[1].
Dipiproverine (hydrochloride) is the hydrochloride form of Dipiproverine (HY-118524). Dipiproverine (hydrochloride) is an alpha-amino acid ester, an antispasmodic compound, which is used as an anticholinergic agent[1].
SB-277011 hydrochloride (SB-277011A hydrochloride) is a potent, selective, orally bioavailable and brain penetrate dopamine D3 receptor (D3R) antagonist with Ki values of 10.7 nM and 11.2 nM at rodent and human D3R, respectively. SB-277011 hydrochloride displays 80- to 100-fold selectivity over other dopamine receptors with pKis of 8.0, 6.0, <5.2, and 5.9 for D3, D2, 5-HT1B, and 5-HT1D receptors, respectively[1][2].
LY 235959 is a competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-receptor antagonist. LY 235959 potentiates the anticonvulsant action of antiepileptics[1].
ICA-27243 is a selective, potent and orally active KCNQ2/Q3 potassium channel opener with an EC50 of 0.38 μM. ICA-27243 is less effective at activating KCNQ4 and KCNQ3/Q5. ICA-27243 has antiepileptic and anticonvulsant effects[1][2].
Alsactide, a heptadecapeptide analogue, is an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) agonist. Alsactide can be used in research of central nervous system[1].
SB-334867 is a selective non-peptide orexin OX1 receptor antagonist with a pKb value of 7.2.IC50 value: 7.2 (pKb) [1]Target: orexin OX1 receptor in vitro: SB-334867-A inhibited the orexin-A (10 nM) and orexin-B (100 nM)-induced calcium responses (pK(B)=7.27+/-0.04 and 7.23+/-0.03 respectively, n=8), but had no effect on the UTP (3 microM)-induced calcium response in CHO-OX(1) cells. SB-334867-A (10 microM) also inhibited OX(2) mediated calcium responses (32.7+/-1.9% versus orexin-A) [1].in vivo: Single-unit recordings in anesthetized rats demonstrated the central effects of the selective orexin-1 receptor antagonist SB-334867 (2 mg/kg, intravenous), as it reversed the excitatory effects of orexin-A administration (6 microg, intracerebroventricular) on the activity of locus coeruleus (LC) cells [2]. The ICV injection of SB-334867 alone had no effect on the formalin-induced nociceptive behaviors. Pre-treatment with SB-334867 at a dose of 0.5 nmol significantly attenuated the analgesia induced by morphine (at dose 1.5mg/kg of morphine; interphase and phase 2B and at dose 3mg/kg of morphine just phase 2B of formalin test) [3]. Administered alone, SB-334867 (30 mg/kg, but not lower doses) significantly reduced food intake and most active behaviours (eating, grooming, sniffing, locomotion and rearing), while increasing resting. Pretreatment with SB-334867 dose-dependently blocked these effects of orexin-A, with significant antagonism evident at dose levels (3-10 mg/kg) below those required to produce intrinsic behavioural effects under present test conditions in rats [4].Toxicity: Acute systemic treatment with the selective orexin-1 (OX1R) antagonist SB-334867 reduces food intake in rats, an effect associated with an acceleration in behavioural satiety and unrelated to gross behavioural disruption, alterations in palatability, or toxicity.
(S)-(+)-O-Desmethyl Venlafaxine D6 is the deuterium labeled (S)-(+)-O-Desmethyl Venlafaxine. O-Desmethyl Venlafaxine is an active metabolite of Venlafaxine[1]. Venlafaxine (HY-B0196) is an antidepressant of the serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) class[2].
Coenzyme Q10-d6 is deuterium labeled Coenzyme Q10. Coenzyme Q10 is an essential cofactor of the electron transport chain and a potent antioxidant agent.
Tat-NR2BAA is the control peptide of Tat-NR2B9c (HY-P0117), inactive. The sequence of Tat-NR2BAA is similar to Tat-NR2B9c, but it has a double-point mutation in the COOH terminal tSXV motif, making it incapable of binding PSD-95. Tat-NR2B9c is a membrane-permeant peptide and disrupts PSD-95/NMDAR binding, correlate with uncoupling NR2B- and/or NR2A-type NMDARs from PSD-95[1][2].
Rufinamide-d2 (CGP 33101-d2) is the deuterium labeled Rufinamide. Rufinamide (E 2080) is a new antiepileptic agent that differs structurally from other antiepileptic drugs and is approved as adjunctive therapy for Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS).
PB2 is a tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP) analogue increasing retinal ganglion (RGCs) cells survival after axotomy in vitro at nanomolar and picomolar concentrations. PB2 is substantially more permeable than TCEP. PB2, as a reducing agent, is highly neuroprotective for RGCs[1].
Peptide F, bovine is a proenkephalin peptide F from in bovine brain and adrenal medulla. Enkephalinergic system involves in pain transmission[1].
Hydroxy-α-sanshool is an alkylamide isolated from pepper, acts as a TRPA1 covalent and TRPV1 non-covalent agonist, with EC50s of 69 and 1.1 µM, respectively[1].
3BrB-PP1 is an ATP-competitive analog. 3BrB-PP1 can specifically inhibit the activity of protein kinase with mutations in the ATP-binding pocket (mutation of Thr97 within Sty1’s ATP-binding pocket)[1][2].
AChE/BuChE-IN-4(compound 4a) is aorally activeandbrain-penetrantmultitarget-directedAChE/BuChEinhibitor againstAChEandBuChE, with theIC50of 2.08 and 7.41 μM[1].
NNC 26-9100 is a selective somatostatin sst4 receptor full agonist (Ki: 6 nM, EC50: 2 nM). NNC 26-9100 decreases total soluble Aβ42, increases brain neprilysin activity and improves learning[1][2].
MARK-IN-4 is a potent microtubule affinity regulating kinase (MARK) inhibitor with an IC50 of 1 nM. Inhibition of microtubule affinity regulating kinase (MARK) represents a potentially attractive means of arresting neurofibrillary tangle pathology in Alzheimer's disease[1].
Marmin is a coumarin, that can be isolated from the immature bark of Aegle marmelos Correa. Marmin antagonizes the Histamine (HY-B1204)-induced contraction in competitive manner[1][2].
S16961 is a nicotinic receptor agonist.
4-(6-Bromo-2-benzothiazolyl)-N-methylbenzenamine is a potent amyloid imaging agent which binds to Amyloid-β (1-40) with a KD of 1.7 nM.
Z-FY-CHO (Z-Phe-Tyr-CHO) is a potent and specific cathepsin L (CTSL) inhibitor[1][2].
AF-DX 384 is a selective antagonist of M2 and M4 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (Kis=6.03 and 10 nM, respectively)[1]. AF-DX 384 reverses deficits in novel object recognition and passive avoidance in aged rats, as well as in young rats with impairments induced by scopolamine[2].
Setiptiline is a serotonin receptor antagonist.IC50 value:Target: 5-HT receptorSetiptiline is a tetracyclic antidepressant (TeCA) which acts as a noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant (NaSSA). Setiptiline acts as a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist, and serotonin receptor antagonist, likely at the 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C, and/or 5-HT3 subtypes, as well as an H1 receptor inverse agonist/antihistamine. From Wikipedia.
Bliretrigine is a sodium channel blocker. Bliretrigine has the effect of relieving pain[1][2][3].
Lerdelimumab (CAT-152) is an IgG4 human anti-TGF-β2 recombinant monoclonal antibody. Lerdelimumab can be used as an anti-scarring agent for glaucoma research[1][2].
A novel potent, selective mGluR2 positive allosteric modulator with EC50 of 199 and 206 nM for human and rat mGlu2, respectively, without exerting agonist activity; has negligible activities for other mGlu receptors, including mGlu3 receptor; potentiates the mGlu2 receptor-mediated presynaptic inhibition of glutamate release, inhibits both MK-801- and ketamine-increased cortical γ band oscillation in the rat cortical electroencephalogram; significantly inhibits both ketamine- and methamphetamine-increased locomotor activities in mice.
Tulrampator (CX-1632) is an orally bioavailable positive allosteric modulator of AMPA receptor (AMPAR)[1]. Antidepressant[1].
Neuropeptide FF (5-8) is a Neuropeptide FF (HY-P1248)-related peptide. Neuropeptide FF (5-8) with a sequence of Q-P-Q-R-F-NH2 and a Ki value of 20.9 nM[1].
Rp-8-CPT-cAMPS, a cAMP analog, is a potent and competitive antagonist of cAMP-induced activation of cAMP-dependent PKA I and II. Rp-8-CPT-cAMPS preferentially selects site A of RI compares to site A of RII and site B of RII compares to site B of RI[1][2].