17-Hydroxyneomatrine, extracted from Sophora flavescens, can well inhibit the growth of human cervical carcinoma Hela cells, has the wide-range antibacterial, anti-allergy, anti-tumor, anti-arrhythmia, swelling-subsiding diuresis, immunizing, and biological regulation functions[1].
ATD-3169 is a ROS generator with antibacterial activity.
Antibacterial agent 28 is a potential antibacterial candidate for combating MRSA infections (MICs = 0.5–2 μg/mL).
Lactoferrin 17-41, known as lactoferricin B (LfcinB), corresponds to residues 17-41 of bovine lactoferrin, has antimicrobial and antitumor activities[1][2].
Stearyl glycyrrhetinate, a major component in licorice extract, has a MIC against S. aureus strains of more than 256 mg/L. Stearyl glycyrrhetinate has antibacterial effects[1].
Antibacterial agent 101 (Compd 7f) is an antimicrobial (antibacterial and antifungal) agent, with MIC values between 4 and 32 µg/mL[1].
Erythromycin, an oral macrolide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces erythreus, reversibly binds to the 50S ribosome of bacteria, and inhibits protein synthesis.Target: AntibacterialErythromycin is a macrolide antibiotic that has an antimicrobial spectrum similar to or slightly wider than that of penicillin, and is often prescribed for people who have an allergy to penicillins. For respiratory tract infections, it has better coverage of atypical organisms, including Mycoplasma and legionellosis. It was first marketed by Eli Lilly and Company, and it is today commonly known as EES (erythromycin ethylsuccinate, an ester prodrug that is commonly administered). It is also occasionally used as a prokinetic agent.Erythromycin estolate has been associated with reversible hepatotoxicity in pregnant women in the form of elevated serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase and is not recommended during pregnancy. Some evidence suggests similar hepatotoxicity in other populations. Erythromycin displays bacteriostatic activity or inhibits growth of bacteria, especially at higher concentrations, but the mechanism is not fully understood. By binding to the 50s subunit of the bacterial 70s rRNA complex, protein synthesis and subsequent structure and function processes critical for life or replication are inhibited. Erythromycin interferes with aminoacyl translocation, preventing the transfer of the tRNA bound at the A site of the rRNA complex to the P site of the rRNA complex. Without this translocation, the A site remains occupied and, thus, the addition of an incoming tRNA and its attached amino acid to the nascent polypeptide chain is inhibited. This interferes with the production of functionally useful proteins, which is the basis of this antimicrobial action.
Cadazolid (ACT-179811) is a new oxazolidinone antibiotic with potent activity against Clostridium difficile.
Tosufloxacin (tosylate hydrate) is a fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent. Tosufloxacin (tosylate hydrate) is effective against Gram-positive and Gram-negative aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria and Chlamydia trachomatis. Tosufloxacin (tosylate hydrate) is also a bacterial Topo (DNA gyrase, topoisomerase)) inhibitor.
α-Terpineol-d3 is the deuterium labeled α-Terpineol[1]. α-Terpineol is isolated from Eucalyptus globulus Labill, exhibits strong antimicrobial activity against periodontopathic and cariogenic bacteria[2].α-Terpineol possesses antifungal activity against T. mentagrophytes, and the activity might lead to irreversible cellular disruption[2].
Ethylparaben is the ethyl ester of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, used as an antifungal preservative. and food additive
Pretomanid-d4 (PA-824-d4) is the deuterium labeled Pretomanid. Pretomanid (PA-824) is an antibiotic used for the research of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis affecting the lungs. Pretomanid exhibits a sub-micromolar MIC against M. tuberculosis (MTB). The MIC values of PA-824 against a panel of MTB pan-sensitive and Rifampin mono-resistant clinical isolates range from 0.015 to 0.25 µg/mL[1][2].
BAY-Y 3118 is a new chlorofluoroquinolone with antimicrobial activity.
Sulbactam pivoxil is a prodrug of sulbactam. Sulbactam is a β-lactamase inhibitor which poorly adsorbed from gastrointestinal tract. Sulbactam pivoxil has a better absorption than the parent drug and provides high serum levels after oral administration[1].
Clofoctol is a bacteriostatic antibiotic. It is used in the treatment of respiratory tract and ear, nose and throat infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria. It is only functional against Gram-positive bacteria, It penetrates into human lung tissue.
N-Decanoyl-L-homoserine lactone is a member of N-acyl-homoserine lactone family. N-Acylhomoserine lactones (AHL) regulate gene expression in Gram-negative bacteria, such as Echerichia and Salmonella, and are involved in quorum sensing, cell to cell communication among bacteria.
Calcimycin hemicalcium salt (A-23187 hemicalcium salt) is an antibiotic and a unique divalent cation ionophore (like calcium and magnesium). Calcimycin hemicalcium salt induces Ca2+-dependent cell death by increasing intracellular calcium concentration. Calcimycin hemicalcium salt inhibits the growth of Gram-positive bacteria and some fungi. Calcimycin hemicalcium salt also inhibits the activity of ATPase and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation of mammalian cells. Calcimycin hemicalcium salt induces apoptosis[1][2][3][4].
Acetohydroxamic acid is a potent and irreversible inhibitor of bacterial and plant urease and also used as adjunctive therapy in chronic urinary infection.Target: UreaseAcetohydroxamic acid selectively inhibits arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase and thus has potential use in the treatment of asthma.
Octacosane-d58 is the deuterium labeled Octacosane[1]. Octacosane is an endogenous metabolite with antibacterial activity. Octacosane shows high cytotoxicity against murine melanoma B16F10-Nex2 cells besides inducing protection against a grafted subcutaneous melanoma. Octacosane has the larvicidal activity against mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus with the LC50 concentration of 7.2 mg/l[2][3][4].
Sulfamonomethoxine D4 is a deuterium labeled Sulfamonomethoxine. Sulfamonomethoxine is a long acting sulfonamide antibacterial agent, used in blood kinetic studies,and blocks the synthesis of folic acid by inhibiting synthetase of dihydropteroate[1].
CHRG01 is a biological active peptide. (CHRG01 is derived from human b-defensin 3 (hBD3) C-terminal amino acids 54 to 67, with all Cys residues substituted with Ser. This substitution removes all disulfide bond linkages within the sequence. CHRG01, like hBD3, displays electrostatic-dependent antimicrobial properties.)
Nogalamycin is an anthracyclinone antibiotic. Nogalamycin is a potent antibiotic against Gram-positive bacteria, also has cytotoxicity against certain tumor cells. Nogalamycin is produced by Streptomyces nogalater var. Nogalater. Nogalamycin selectively inhibits RNA synthesis after binding to DNA template. Nogalamycin can be used for researching anticancer[1][2].
Lauric acid-d2 is the deuterium labeled Lauric acid. Lauric acid is a middle chain-free fatty acid with strong bactericidal properties. The EC50s for P. acnes, S.aureus, S. epidermidis, are 2, 6, 4 μg/mL, respectively.
Benzalkonium chloride is a potent anti-microbial agent, used as a preservative in eye drops.
Dehydrotomatine is one of major steroidal glycoalkaloids (SGAs) that accumulate in the mature green fruits, leaves and flowers of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Dehydrotomatine is against bacteria, fungi, insects and animals[1].
Albanol B is an arylbenzofuran derivative which can be isolated from mulberries. Albanol B exhibits anti-Alzheimer's disease, anti-bacterial and antioxidant activities. Albanol B inhibits cancer cells proliferation, down-regulates CDK1 expression. Albanol B also induces cell cycle arrest at G2/M and apoptosis. And Albanol B induces mitochondrial ROS production and increases the phosphorylation levels of AKT and ERK1/2[1].
Sparfloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, shows broad and potent antibacterial activity.Target: AntibacterialSparfloxacin shows broad and potent antibacterial activity. Its MICs for 90% of the strains tested are 0.1 to 0.78 μg/ml against gram-positive organisms, such as members of the genera Staphylococcus , Streptococcus and Enterococcus , and 0.0125 to 1.56 μg/ml against gram-negative organisms, such as members of the family Enterobacteriaceae and the genera Pseudomona . Its MICs are 0.025 to 0.78 μg/ml against glucose nonfermenters, 0.2 to 0.78 μg/ml against anaerobes, 0.0125 to 0.05 μg/ml against Legionella. Sparfloxacin showed good oral efficacy against systemic infections with Staphylococcus aureus , Streptococcus pyogenes , Streptococcus pneumoniae , Escherichia coli , and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in mice [1]. Sparfloxacin targets DNA gyrase and inhibits DNA synthesis [2].
Sulfaphenazole is a specific inhibitor of CYP2C9 which blocks atherogenic and pro-inflammatory effects of linoleic acid (increase in oxidative stress and activation of AP-1) mediated by CYP2C9. Acts as an antibacterial and antimicrobial.
Fosfomycin (MK-0955) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic. Fosfomycin can cross blood-brain barrier penetrating, and irreversibly inhibits an early stage in cell wall synthesis. Fosfomycin shows anti-bacteria activity for a range of bacteria, including multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug-resistant (XDR), and pan-drug-resistant (PDR) bacteria[1][2].
(S)-Lansoprazole (Levolansoprazole) is an isoform of Lansoprazole (HY-13662), which is an orally active proton pump inhibitor which prevents the stomach from producing acid. Lansoprazole (AG 1749) is a potent brain penetrant neutral sphingomyelinase (N-SMase) inhibitor (exosome inhibitor)[1][2].