Palmitic acid-d2-1 is the deuterium labeled Palmitic acid. Palmitic acid is a long-chain saturated fatty acid commonly found in both animals and plants. Palmitic acid can induce the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) in in mouse granulosa cells[1][2].
Tetrahydrofolic acid-d4 (L-5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrofolic acid-d4) is the deuterium labeled Tetrahydrofolic acid. Tetrahydrofolic acid (L-5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrofolic acid) is the biologically active vitamin B9 folate derivative. Tetrahydrofolic acid is a donor of one-carbon groups for amino acids, nucleic acids, and lipids. Tetrahydrofolic acid serves as an acceptor of free formaldehyde, producing 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate-Tetrahydrofolic acid[1][2].
Syringaldehyde is a polyphenolic compound belonging to the group of flavonoids and is found in different plant species like Manihot esculenta and Magnolia officinalis[1]. Syringaldehyde moderately inhibits COX-2 activity with an IC50 of 3.5 μg/mL[2]. Anti-hyperglycemic and anti-inflammatory activities[1].
Procyanidin B-5 3,3'-di-O-gallate is a potent inhibitor of squalene epoxidase with an IC50 of 0.55 μM. Procyanidin B-5 3,3'-di-O-gallate reduces cholesterol by inhibiting squalene epoxidase activity[1].
Epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine is an N(6)-acyl-L-lysine derivative. The enzyme tissue transglutaminase (tTg) helps the formation of epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine bonds between ECM components in some disease, such as non-diabetic kidney, glaucoma filtration[1].
Tri-Salicylic acid is the compound with similar properties of salicylic acid. Tri-Salicylic acid has the potential for the research of inflammation, obesity and cardiovascular diseases (extracted from patent US20170368079A1, compound III)[1].
Cetilistat impurity 1 is an impurity of Cetilistat. Cetilistat, an inhibitor of pancreatic lipase, acts as an effective anti-obesity agent. Cetilistat inhibits rat and human pancreatic lipase activity with IC50s of 54.8 nM, and 5.95 nM, respectively[1].
Tyr0-Neurokinin A is a neuropeptide belongs to tachykinin peptide family. Tyr0-Neurokinin A is an agonist of Tacr2. Tyr0-Neurokinin A can be used in the research of insulin resistance, obesity, diabetes[1][2].
CU06-1004 (Sac-1004) is an orally active endothelial dysfunction blocker. CU06-1004 ameliorates endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting hyperpermeability and inflammation, and is potent in inhibiting vascular leakage and inflammation in various animal models, such as diabetic retinopathy, stroke, cancer, and inflammatory bowel disease. CU06-1004 ameliorates CDAA-induced mouse model of NASH. CU06-1004 also improves cardiac function[1][2][3].
(R)-5-Hydroxy-1,7-diphenyl-3-heptanone is a diarylheptanoid that can be found in Alpinia officinarum. (R)-5-Hydroxy-1,7-diphenyl-3-heptanone ameliorates oxidative stress and insulin resistance via activation of Nrf2/ARE pathway[1].
TP0463518 is a potent hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) inhibitor with a Ki value of 5.3 nM for human PHD2. TP0463518 also inhibits human PHD1/PHD3 with IC50s of 18 and 63 nM as well as monkey PHD2 with an IC50 value of 22 nM[1].
(-)-Fucose-13C is the 13C labeled (-)-Fucose. (-)-Fucose is classified as a member of the hexoses, plays a role in A and B blood group antigen substructure determination, selectin-mediated leukocyte-endothelial adhesion, and host-microbe interacti[1]
Ragaglitazar is a PPARα and PPARγ agonist with potent lipid-lowering and insulin-sensitizing efficacy in animal models. Ragaglitazar improves glycemic control and lipid profile in type 2 diabetic.
Adenosine-d2 is the deuterium labeled Adenosine. Adenosine (Adenine riboside), a ubiquitous endogenous autacoid, acts through the enrollment of four G protein-coupled receptors: A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. Adenosine affects almost all aspects of cellular physio
Dnp-PLAYWAR is a fluorogenic substrate for matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) and MMP-26.The activity of MMP-8 and MMP-26 can be quantified by measuring tryptophan fluorescence that is unquenched upon peptide hydrolysis that removes the N-terminal dinitro
Dim16 is a dual PCSK9/HMG-CoAR inhibitor, with an IC50 value of 19 nM for PCSK9. Dim16 inhibits PCSK9-LDLR binding with an IC50 value of 0.8 nM. Dim16 increases LDL uptake in HepG2 cells[1].
BODIPY 505/515, a lipophilic bright green fluorescent dye was tested for lipid detection in the microalga Tetraselmis subcordiformis. BODIPY 505/515 displays excitation/emission maxima of 505/515 nm, respectively, and has been used for live and fixed cell applications[1].
1,2,3,19-Tetrahydroxy-12-ursen-28-oic acid is a Triterpenoid that isolated from the plant of Agrimonia Pilosa with antimalarial and antidiabetic activities[1].
GLP-1 receptor agonist 9 is a GLP-1 receptor agonist, example 7, extracted from WO2020234726 A1[1].
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH) is a citric acid or tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme, is often used in biochemical studies. Isocitrate dehydrogenase catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate and reduces NAD(P)+ to NAD(P)H, it plays important roles in cellular metabolism[1].
Q-Peptide is the angiopoietin-1 derived peptide (QHREDGS).Q-Peptide increases keratinocyte migration to improve wound healing, in diabetic mouse model. Q-Peptide accelerates wound closure[1].
Sirtuin-1 inhibitor 1 (Compound 8) is an inhibitor of Sirtuin-1 that plays important roles in obesity-induced diabetes and aging-related diseases[1].
Hydrocotarnine is a Cbl inhibitor, and results in inflammasome-mediated IL-18 secretion in colitis. Hydrocotarnine increases expression of GLUT1 and cellular glucose uptake in glycolytic metabolism. Hydrocotarnine acts as an agent that provides analgesic effect in cancer research[1][2][3].
Mitiglinide (KAD-1229), an insulinotropic agent, is an ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channel antagonist. Mitiglinide is highly specific to the Kir6.2/SUR1 complex (the pancreatic beta-cell KATP channel). Mitiglinide can be used for the research of type 2 diabetes[1][2].
Ac-SVVVRT-NH2 is a PGC-1α modulator that modulates the activity of the human PGC-1α promoter (114%). Ac-SVVVRT-NH2 increases PGC-1α mRNA (125%) and accumulation of intracellular lipids (128%) in subcutaneous human adipocytes. Ac-SVVVRT-NH2 can be used in the research of diseases which is modulated by PGC-1α[1].
D-Glucose-13C2-4 is the 13C labeled D-Glucose. D-Glucose (Glucose), a monosaccharide, is an important carbohydrate in biology. D-Glucose is a carbohydrate sweetener and critical components of the general metabolism, and serve as critical signaling molecules in relation to both cellular metabolic status and biotic and abiotic stress response[1].
L-Leucine-13C6,15N is the 13C- and 15N-labeled L-Leucine. L-Leucine is an essential branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), which activates the mTOR signaling pathway[1].
Monobenzyl phthalate (2-((Benzyloxy)carbonyl)benzoic acid) is the urinary metabolite exposuring to phthalates, such as, diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP)[1].
BR102910 is a selective fibroblast activation protein (FAP) inhibitor with the IC50 of 2 nM. BR102910 also inhibits prolyl oligopeptidase (PREP) with the IC50 of 49.00 μM. BR102910 can be used for the researchof type 2
DO34 is a highly potent, selective and centrally active diacylglycerol lipase (DAGL) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 6 nM for DAGLα conversion of SAG to 2-AG, and an IC50 for DAGLβ.