Chenodeoxycholic Acid is a hydrophobic primary bile acid that activates nuclear receptors (FXR) involved in cholesterol metabolism.
AS1949490 is a potent and selective SHIP-2 (SH2 domain-containing inositol 5′ phosphatase 2) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 620 nM. AS1949490 activated glucose metabolism via up-regulation of GLUT1 gene in L6 myotubes[1][2].
URAT1 inhibitor 5 (compound 16) is a potent URAT1 inhibitor. URAT1 inhibitor 5 can be used in research of hyperuricemia[1].
Alfacalcidol (1-hydroxycholecalciferol; Alpha D3; 1.alpha.-Hydroxyvitamin D3) is a non-selective VDR activator medication. IC50 value: Target: VDR activatorAlfacalcidol (1-hydroxycholecalciferol; Alpha D3; 1.alpha.-Hydroxyvitamin D3) improves mechanical bone strength and bone mass; suppresses osteoclastic bone resorption in vivo.
Erythrodiol is an olive oil component. Erythrodiol promotes Cholesterol efflux (ChE) by selectively inhibiting the degradation of ABCA1 protein. Erythrodiol is a good candidate to be further explored for therapeutic or preventive application in the context of atherosclerosis[1].
2,8-Dihydroxyadenine, an endogenous metabolite, can cause the formation of urinary crystals and kidney stones. 2,8-Dihydroxyadenine can be used to diagnose adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT) deficiency[1][2].
Mastoparan, a tetradecapeptide which is a component of wasp venom, stimulates release of prolactin from cultured rat anterior pituitary cells.
GSK-3β inhibitor 14 (Compound 6i), benzothiazepinone derivative, is a weak GSK-3β inhibitor (IC50 >100 μM)[1].
Relzomostat is a methionine aminopeptidase 2 (MetAP2) inhibitor.Relzomostat may be useful for the research of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and other obesity-associated conditions[1].
D-Val-Phe-Lys-CMK (D-Val-Phe-Lys Chloromethyl ketone) 可抑制纤溶酶活性。
1,5-Anhydro-D-mannitol is the inactive analogue of 1,5-Anhydrosorbitol (HY-113075), and can be used as an experimental control. 1,5-Anhydrosorbitol is a short-term marker for glycemic control.
Palmatine hydroxide is an orally active and irreversible indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO-1) inhibitor with IC50s of 3 μM and 157μM against HEK 293-hIDO-1 and rhIDO-1, respectively. Palmatine hydroxide can also inhibit West Nile virus (WNV) NS2B-NS3 protease in an uncompetitive manner with an IC50 of 96 μM. Palmatine hydroxide shows anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotection, antibacterial, anti-viral activities[1][2][3][4][5].
Glycolic acid oxidase inhibitor 1 is a glycolate oxidase inhibitor, extracted from patent EP0021228A1, in Table IV.
GNE-617 is a specific NAMPT inhibitor that inhibits the biochemical activity of NAMPT with an IC50 of 5 nM and exhibits efficacy in xenograft models of cancer.
1,2-Dilauroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DLPC) is an LRH-1 agonist ligand.1,2-Dilauroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine is a phospholipid for biological study[1][2].
KN-62 is a selective and potent inhibitor of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMK-II) with IC50 of 0.9 μM, KN-62 also displays noncompetitive antagonism at P2X7 receptors in HEK293 cells, with an IC50 value of approximately 15 nM.
2-Hydroxyoctanoic acid is a medium chain acyl-CoA synthetase inhibitor with a Ki of 500 μM[1].
Digitoxose (D-(+)-Digitoxose), a natural product, specifically and competitively inhibits glucose-stimulated insulin release from islets in lean and obese mice. Digitoxose can be used in diabetes research[1].
Xanthine oxidase-IN-7 (compound1h) is a potent andorally active XO (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.36 µM. Xanthine oxidase-IN-7 effectively reduces serum uric acid levels. Xanthine oxidase-IN-7 has the potential for the research of hyperuricemia and gout[1].
Monocrotaline N-Oxide, a monocrotaline metabolite, leads to DNA adduct formation in vivo[1].
Ppc-1 is a mitochondrial uncoupler. Ppc-1 enhances mitochondrial oxygen consumption without adverse effects on ATP production. Ppc-1 is a cell-permeate interleukin-2 (IL-2) inhibitor. Ppc-1 inhibits the Gram-negative periodontopathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis. Ppc-1 has anti-obesity, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities[1][2][3][4].
(R)-(-)-2-Butanol is released by the females of the white grub beetle, Dasylepida ishigakiensis, to attract males. (R)-(-)-2-Butanol is an intermediate of pharmaceutical synthesis by coupling[1][2].
2-Ethyl-2-hydroxybutanoic acid (2-Ethyl-2-hydroxybutyric acid) is a hydroxy fatty acid. 2-Ethyl-2-hydroxybutanoic is a metabolite of DEHP (HY-B1945)[1].
Oroxin A is the major component of an ethanol-water Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz (Bignoniaceae) seed extract (OISE), activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) by docking into the PPARγ protein ligand-binding domain. Oroxin A exhibits an inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase and an antioxidant capacity[1]. Oroxin A exerts anti-breast cancer effects by inducing ER stress-mediated senescence[2].
NNC-0640 is a potent human G-protein-coupled glucagon receptor (GCGR) negative allosteric modulator (NAM) with an IC50 of 69.2 nM[1].
α-Glucosidase-IN-21 (Compound 2B) is a potent, orally active α-glucosidase inhibitor with an IC50 of 2.62 μM. α-Glucosidase-IN-21 shows anti-diabetic activity[1].
Mogroside IV-A, a triterpenoid glycoside isolated from the extracts of Luo Han Guo, is a nonsugar sweetener. Mogrosides are sweeter than sucrose. Mogrosides exhibit antioxidant, antidiabetic and anticancer activities[1].
NAAD sodium salt (Deamido nad sodium salt), a functional NAD+ precursor, is the substrate of glutamine-dependent NAD+ synthetase. NAAD sodium salt is used to study the structure of nicotinate mononucleotide adenylyltransferases[1][2].
APICA is a potent CB1 and CB2 receptors agonist with EC50 values of 118 nM and 37 nM against CB1 and CB2 receptors, respectively. APICA possess cannabimimetic activity in vivo[1].
DPP IV/hCA II-IN-1 is a potent and selective dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) and carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.049 μM for DPP IV and with Ki values of 0.0361, 0.0428, 0.0941, 0.1328, 0.2615, and 3.034 μM for CA II, CA VB, CA VA, CA IX, CA I, and CA IV, respectively[1].