Xanthopurpurin, an anthraquinone glycoside, isolated from the roots of Rubia akane, shows mainly strong inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation[1].
Fucoidan, a biologically active polysaccharide, is an efficient inhibitor of α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Anticoagulant, antitumor, antioxidant and antisteatotic activities[1].
Troxerutin, also known as vitamin P4, is a tri-hydroxyethylated derivative of natural bioflavonoid rutins which can inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and depress ER stress-mediated NOD activation.
PPARγ-IN-2 (Compound 5a) is a PPARγ inhibitor. PPARγ-IN-2 inhibits TG accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes (EC50: 0.106 μM). PPARγ-IN-2 inhibits high-cholesterol diet (HFC)-induced obesity and related metabolic syndrome, and reduces lipid accumulation in adipose tissue[1].
2-Methylsuccinic acid-d6 is the deuterium labeled 2-Methylsuccinic acid[1]. 2-Methylsuccinic acid is a normal metabolite in human fluids and the main biochemical measurable features in ethylmalonic encephalopathy[2][3].
APPA is an aldose reductase inhibitor. APPA can effectively prevent apoptosis and the symptoms of Streptozotocin (HY-13753)-induced diabetes by inhibiting the polyol pathway in rats. APPA has the potential for diabetic nephropathy (DN) research[1].
Efpeglenatide is a new once weekly GLP-1 Injection for Type 2 Diabetes
GW0742 is a high affinity PPAR β/δ agonist with an IC50 of 1 nM for human PPARδ, and EC50s of 1 nM, 1.1 μM and 2 μM for human PPARδ, PPARα, and PPARγ, respectively.
Adenosine 5'-monophosphate disodium is an orally active purine nucleotide, and participates in ATP metabolism. Adenosine 5'-monophosphate disodium is also a ligand for adenosine 2B receptor. Adenosine 5'-monophosphate disodium can activate AMPK in skeletal muscle, and ameliorates insulin resistance and impaired glucose metabolism. Adenosine 5'-monophosphate disodium can be used for research of diabetes[1][2][3].
Adenosine-d1-1 is the deuterium labeled Adenosine. Adenosine (Adenine riboside), a ubiquitous endogenous autacoid, acts through the enrollment of four G protein-coupled receptors: A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. Adenosine affects almost all aspects of cellular phys
Betazole (Ametazole) dihydrochloride, a pyrazole analogue of histamine, is an orally active H2 receptor agonist. Betazole dihydrochloride induces gastric acid secretion, and causes an immediate and significant increase in common bile duct pressure. Betazole dihydrochloride has been used as a diagnostic agent known as histalog, for investigating gastric acid secretory capacity[1][2][3].
Kynuramine (dihydrobromide), an endogenously occurring amine, is a fluorescent substrate and probe of plasma amine oxidase[1][2].
Cochinchinenin C is a nonpolypeptide agonist of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor. Cochinchinenin C can be used for the research of diabetes[1][2].
AST 7062601 (AST070) is a Ucp1 inducer that strongly induces endogenous Ucp1 expression in primary mouse brown adipocytes. Ucp1 refers to uncoupling protein, found in brown and beige fat cells. In mammals, UCP1 oxidizes fatty acids and uncouples ATP production in mitochondria to promote energy dissipation as heat. AST 7062601 can be used to study thermogenic, uncoupled respiration[1].
(Glu13,17,20)-Osteocalcin (1-46) (mouse) is an analogue of Osteocalcin (1-46). Osteocalcin (1-46) is a osteoblast specific peptide involved in the regulation of energy metabolism[1].
Phenamil methanesulfonate, an analog of Amiloride (HY-B0285), is a more potent and less reversible epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) blocker with an IC50 of 400 nM[2]. Phenamil methanesulfonate is also a competive inhibitor of TRPP3 and inhibits TRPP3-mediated Ca2+ transport with an IC50 of 140 nM in a Ca2+ uptake assay[1]. Phenamil methanesulfonate is an intriguing small molecule to promote bone repair by strongly activating BMP signaling pathway[4]. Phenamil methanesulfonate is used for the research of cystic fibrosis lung disease[5].
Cleistanthin B (Diphyllin O-glucoside) is an orally active arylnaphthalene lignan lactone glycoside. Cleistanthin B exhibits anti-SARS-CoV-2 effects in Vero cells, with EC50 of 6.51 µM. Cleistanthin B also exhibits antitumor, diuretic and antihypertensive effects in vivo[1][2][3][4].
Octanoic acid-13C4 (Caprylic acid-13C4) is the 13C labeled Octanoic acid. Octanoic acid (Caprylic acid) is an oily liquid with a slightly unpleasant rancid taste and used commercially in the production of esters used in perfumery and also in the manufacture of dyes.
SCD1 inhibitor-1 is a potent and liver-selective stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) inhibitor[1].
Thiamine monochloride (Vitamin B1) is an essential vitamin that plays an important role in cellular production of energy from ingested food and enhances normal neuronal actives.
Angiotensin II (1-4), human is an endogenous peptide produced from AT I by angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE). Angiotensin II binds the AT II type 1 (AT1) receptor, stimulating GPCRs in vascular smooth muscle cells and increasing intracellular Ca2+ levels. Angiotensin II also acts at the Na+/H+ exchanger in the proximal tubules of the kidney[1][2].
L-Leucine-2-13C is the 13C-labeled L-Leucine. L-Leucine is an essential branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), which activates the mTOR signaling pathway[1].
Methyl tanshinonate is a tanshinone, that can be isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza (S. miltiorrhiza) Bunge (Lamiaceae). Methyl tanshinonate is a potent inhibitor of Mpro enzyme in SARS-CoV (IC50 = 21.1 µM). Methyl tanshinonate can be used for diabetes and SARS-CoV research[1][2][3].
Lingdolinurad is urate transporter inhibitor, targeting to hURAT1.Lingdolinurad can be used for research in hyperuricemia in vitro and in vivo[1].
Pegloxenatide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1 RA) agonist. Pegloxenatide can be used for type 2 diabetes research[1].
D-Valine is the enantiomer of L-Valine (HY-N0717). L-Valine is one of 20 proteinogenic amino acids. L-Valine is an essential amino acid.
Celosin I, an oleanane-type triterpenoid saponin isolated from the seeds of Celosia argentea L, could be used as chemical markers for the quality control of C. argentea seeds. Celosin I exhibits significant hepatoprotective effect on carbon tetrachloride-induced and N,N-dimethylformamide-induced hepatotoxicity in mice[1][2].
GLP-1(28-36)amide, a C-terminal nonapeptide of GLP-1, is a major product derived from the cleavage of GLP-1 by the neutral endopeptidase (NEP). GLP-1(28-36)amide is an antioxidant and targets to mitochondrion, inhibits mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). GLP-1(28-36)amide has anti-diabetic and cardioprotection effects[1].
L-873724 is a potent, orally bioavailable, selective and reversible[2] non-basic cathepsin K inhibitor, with IC50s of 0.2, 178, 264, and 5239 nM for cathepsin K, cathepsin S, cathepsin L, cathepsin B, respectively[1]. L-873724 also exhibits an IC50 of 0.5 nM for rabbit cathepsin K. L-873724 inhibits bone resorption[2].
L-Alanine-13C2 (L-2-Aminopropionic acid-13C2) is the 13C-labeled L-Alanine. L-Alanine is a non-essential amino acid, involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases immunity, and provides energy for muscle tissue, brain, and central nervous system.