Diosmetin is a natural flavonoid which inhibits human CYP1A enzyme activity with an IC50 of 40 μM in HepG2 cell.
Ikarisoside F is a flavonol glycoside from Vancouveria hexandra; could bind to AdoHcy hydrolase.
Formononetin (Formononetol; Flavosil) is a bioactive component extracted from the red clover; inhibits the proliferation of DU-145/PC-3 cells in a dose-dependent manner.IC50 value:Target: anti-cancer in vitro: formononetin inhibited the proliferation of DU-145 cells in a dose-dependent manner. DU-145 cells treated with different concentrations of formononetin displayed obvious morphological changes of apoptosis under fluorescence microscopy. In addition, formononetin increased the proportion of early apoptotic DU-145 cells, down-regulated the protein levels of Bcl-2 and up-regulated those of RASD1 and Bax [1]. Formononetin significantly inhibited the cell growth of PC-3 in a dose-dependent manner, but no such effect was observed in RWPE1 cells. Formononetin treatment contributed to the reduced Bcl-2 protein level and the elevated Bax expression in PC-3 cells, thereby resulting in the increasing Bax/Bcl-2 ratios. Furthermore, the phosphorylated level of p38 in PC-3 cells was activated through the FN treatment, whereas the endogenous Akt phosphorylation was blocked [2]. Compared with the control, formononetin inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells and effectively induced cell cycle arrest. The levels of p-IGF-1?R, p-Akt, cyclin D1 protein expression, and cyclin D1 mRNA expression were also downregulated [3].in vivo: formononetin also prevented the tumor growth of human breast cancer cells in nude mouse xenografts [3].
Anemarsaponin E is extracted from Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge and has anti-inflammatory activity.
Epimedin A1 is a flavonoid extracted from Herba Epimedii which is one of commonly used Chinese medicines.
Rutin hydrate is a flavonol glycoside, able to cross the blood-brain barrier, and acts by inhibiting JNK and ERK1/2 activation and activating mTOR signalling.
3'-Methoxypuerarin (3'-MOP) is an isoflavone extracted from radix puerariae that shows neuron protection activity.
Naringin Dihydrochalcone is an artificial sweetener derived from naringin. Naringin is a major flavanone glycoside obtained from tomatoes, grapefruits, and many other citrus fruits. Naringin exhibits biological properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities. Naringin suppresses NF-κB signaling pathway.
Hexamethylquercetagetin is a polymethoxylated flavone in peels of citrus cultivars.
Sinensetin is a methylated flavone found in certain citrus fruits. pocess potent antiangiogenesis and anti-inflammatory, sinensetin enhances adipogenesis and lipolysis.In vitro: Sinensetin promots adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes growing in incomplete differentiation medium, sinensetin enhances adipogenesis and lipolysis by increasing cAMP levels. [1] Sinensetin shows anti-inflammatory activity by regulating the protein level of inhibitor κB-α (IκB-α). [2]In vivo: Sinensetin has the most potent antiangiogenesis activity and the lowest toxicity, inhibits angiogenesis by inducing cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase in HUVEC culture and downregulating the mRNA expressions of angiogenesis genes flt1, kdrl, and hras in zebrafish. [3]
Corylifol A inhibits IL-6-induced STAT3 activation and phosphorylation, with an IC50 of 0.81 μM.
Kaempferide is an O-methylated flavonol, a type of chemical compound. It can be found in Kaempferia galanga (aromatic ginger). The enzyme kaempferol 4'-O-methyltransferase uses S-adenosyl-L-methionine and kaempferol to produce S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine and kaempferide. P-glycoproteins.
Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone is a synthetic glycoside chalcone, is added to various foods and beverages as a low caloric artificial sweetener.
(+)-Catechin hydrate inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) with an IC50 of 1.4 μM.
Cirsiliol is a potent and selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor and a competitive low affinity benzodiazepine receptor ligand.
Astilbin, a flavonoid compound, is isolated from the rhizome of Smilax glabra. Astilbin enhances NRF2 activation. Astilbin also suppresses TNF-α expression and NF-κB activation.
Phlorizin is a non-selective SGLT inhibitor with Kis of 300 and 39 nM for hSGLT1 and hSGLT2, respectively. Phlorizin is also a Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor.
Tectorigenin is a plant isoflavonoid originally isolated from the dried flower of Pueraria thomsonii Benth.
Cardamonin is a novel antagonist of hTRPA1 cation channel with an IC50 of 454 nM.
Sotetsuflavone is a potent inhibitor of DENV-NS5 RdRp (Dengue virus NS5 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase) with an IC50 of 0.16 uM, is the most active compound of this series .
Glycitein is a soybean (yellow cultivar) isoflavonoid; used in combination with other isoflavonoids such as genistein and daidzein to study apoptosis and anti-oxidation processes.
Bavachalcone is a major bioactive compounds isolated from Psoralea corylifolia L.; has been widely used as traditional Chinese medicine; antibiotic or anticancer agent.IC50 value:Target:Bavachalcone inhibited osteoclast formation from precursor cells with the IC(50) of approximately 1.5 microg ml(-1). The activation of MEK, ERK, and Akt by receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand (RANKL), the osteoclast differentiation factor, was prominently reduced in the presence of bavachalcone. The induction of c-Fos and NFATc1, key transcription factors for osteoclastogenesis, by RANKL was also suppressed by bavachalcone [1]. Bavachalcone exhibited a significant inhibitory effect on baculovirus-expressed BACE-1 in vitro [2]. Bavachalcone had stronger inhibition on UGT1A1 and UGT1A7 than corylin which did not inhibit UGT1A1, UGT1A3, UGT1A7, UGT1A8, UGT1A10, and UGT2B4. Data fitting using Dixon and Lineweaver-Burk plots demonstrated the noncompetitive inhibition of bavachalcone against UGT1A1 and UGT1A7-mediated 4-MU glucuronidation reaction. The values of inhibition kinetic parameters (Ki) were 5.41 μ M and 4.51μ M for UGT1A1 and UGT1A7, respectively [3].
Quercetagetin (6-Hydroxyquercetin) is the major flavonoid isolated from Citrus unshiu (C. unshiu) peel[3]. Quercetagetin is a moderately potent and selective, cell-permeable pim-1 kinase inhibitor (IC50, 0.34 μM)[1]. Anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties.
Icariside I is a metabolite of Icarlin, which could regulate bone remodeling and is recognized as an effective agent for the treatment of osteoporosis.
Sagittatoside B is a natural compound isolated from traditional Chinese herb Yinyanghuo (Herba Epimdii).
Scutellarin, an active flavone isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis, can down-regulates the STAT3/Girdin/Akt signaling in HCC cells, and inhibits RANKL-mediated MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathway in osteoclasts.
Sagittatoside A is a natural compound isolated from traditional Chinese herb Yinyanghuo (Herba Epimdii).
Miquelianin (Quercetin 3-O-glucuronide) is a metabolite of quercetin and a type of natural flavonoid.