Tirofiban (L700462) hydrochloride is a Gp IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist of nonpeptide derivative of tyrosine. Tirofiban hydrochloride induces proliferation and migration on endothelial cell by inducing production of VEGF. Tirofiban hydrochloride can significantly reduces myocardial no-reflow and ischemia-reperfusion injury by alleviating myocardial microvascular structural and endothelial dysfunction in the ischemic area[1][2].
Docetaxel Trihydrate is a semi-synthetic taxane analogue, acts as a microtubule stabilizer.
Tubulysin F is a highly cytotoxic peptide isolated from the myxobacterial species Archangium geophyra and Angiococcus disciformis. Tubulysin displays extremely potent cytotoxic activity in mammalian cells, including multidrug-resistant cell lines, with IC50 values in the lower nanomolar range[1]. Tubulysin F is a cytotoxic activity tubulysin which inhibits tubulin polymerization and leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis[2].
SR121566A is a novel non-peptide Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GP IIb-IIIa) antagonist, which can inhibit ADP-, arachidonic acid- and collagen-induced human platelet aggregation with IC50s of 46±7.5, 56±6 and 42±3 nM, respectively.
Tubulin/JAK2-IN-1 (compound 7g) is a dual inhibitor of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and microtubule. Tubulin/JAK2-IN-1 has potent antiproliferative activity against the cancer cells[1].
Tubulin/MMP-IN-2 is dual inhibitor of tubulin and matrix metalloproteinases. Tubulin/MMP-IN-2 can strongly inhibit tubulin polymerization and induces cell Apoptosis. Tubulin/MMP-IN-2 has inhibitory activities against MMP-2, MMP-3 and MMP-9 with IC50 values of 24.95 μM, 31.60 μM and 22.37 μM, respectively. Tubulin/MMP-IN-2 can be used for the research of cancer[1].
Dynamin IN-2 (compound 43), a Wiskostatin (HY-12534) analogue, is a potent dynamin inhibitor, with an IC50 of 1.0 μM for dynamin I GTPase. Dynamin IN-2 also blocks clathrin mediated endocytosis (CME), with an IC50 of 9.5 μM[1].
PAK-IN-1 is a PAK inhibitor that displays group II selectivity. PAK-IN-1 inhibits PAK4, PAK5 and PAK6 with IC50s of 7.5, 36, 126 nM, respectively.
TN-16 is a potent inhibitor of microtubule polymerization with IC50 of 0.4-1.7 µM[1].
iRGD peptide is a 9-amino acid cyclic peptide, triggers tissue penetration of drugs by first binding to av integrins, then proteolytically cleaved in the tumor to produce CRGDK/R to interact with neuropilin-1, and has tumor-targeting and tumor-penetrating properties.
Estramustine is an antineoplastic agent. Estramustine depolymerizes microtnbules by binding to tubulin 1, exhibits antimitotic activity with an IC50 value of ~16 μM for mitosis of DU 145 cells. Estramustine blocks cells at mitosis in prostate tumor xenografts[1].
W-7 hydrochloride is a selective calmodulin antagonist. W-7 hydrochloride inhibits the Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent phosphodiesterase and myosin light chain kinase with IC50 values of 28 μM and 51 µM, respectively[1][2]. W-7 hydrochloride induces apoptosis and has antitumor activity[3].
HI5 is a potent tublin and IDO inhibitor, with an IC50 value of 70 nM in HeLa cells. HI5 inhibit IDO expression and decrease kynurenine production, leading to stimulating T cells activation and proliferation. HI5 can inhibit tubulin polymerization and cell migration, cause G2/M phase arrest, and induce apoptosis via the mitochondrial dependent apoptosis pathway and cause reactive oxidative stress generation in HeLa cells. HI5 can be used for researching anticancer[1].
SB26019 is a potent anti-neuroinflammatory agent. SB26019 regulates NF-κB activation by inducing monomeric α-tubulin formation. SB26019-induced α-tubulin monomer inhibits p65 translocation[1].
Sevasemten is an allosteric inhibitor of skeletal muscle myosin. Sevasemten exhibits selectively myosin inhibition with IC50s of ≤10 μM (skeletal), >100 μM (cardiac), respectively[1][2].
D-64131 is a novel inhibitor of Tubulin polymerization that competitively binds with [(3)H]colchicine to αβ-Tubulin. IC50 Value: N/ATarget: Microtubule/Tubulinin vitro: D-64131 is cytotoxic and inhibits tumor cell proliferation in vitro (IC50 = 74 nM). D-64131 prevents growth of tumor models in mice following oral administration in vivo. D-64131 has significant potential in cancer treatment. The proliferation of tumor cells from 12 of 14 different organs and tissues was inhibited with mean IC(50)s of 62 nM by D-64131.in vivo: In animal studies, no signs of systemic toxicity were observed after p.o. dosages of up to 400 mg/kg of D-64131. In xenograft experiments with the human amelanoic melanoma MEXF 989, D-64131 was highly active with treatment resulting in a growth delay of 23.4 days at 400 mg/kg. Therefore, D-64131 and analogues have the potential to be developed for cancer therapy, replacing or supplementing standard therapy regimens with tubulin-targeting drugs from natural sources.
ALB-109564 (12'-Methylthiovinblastine) hydrochloride, a tubulin inhibitor, is a cytotoxic agent designed to kill cancer cells by disrupting mitosis[1].
SB-273005 is a potent nonpeptide and orally active integrin antagonist with Kis of 1.2 nM and 0.3 nM for αvβ3 receptor and αvβ5 receptor, respectively[1].
Scoulerine ((-)-Scoulerine), an isoquinoline alkaloid, is a potent antimitotic compound. Scoulerine is also an inhibitor of BACE1 (ß-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1). Scoulerine inhibits proliferation, arrests cell cycle, and induces apoptosis in cancer cells[1].
Odulimomab (anti-LFA1) is an anti-LFA-1 monoclonal antibody. Odulimomab inhibits proliferation of T lymphocyte and shows protective effects against ischemia and reperfusion injury. Odulimomab can be used for the research of transplant rejection and immunological disease[1][2].
BTS is a potent inhibitor of Ca2+-stimulated myosin S1 ATPase (IC50 ~ 5 μM) and reversibly blocks the gliding motility. IC50 value: 5 uMTarget: Ca2+-stimulated myosin S1 ATPaseBTS also weakens myosin’s interaction with F-actin. BTS is much less effective in suppressing contraction in rat myocardial or rabbit slow twitch muscle and has no effect on platelet myosin II.
Mumefural is a bioactive component of the processed fruit of Prunus mume Sieb. Mumefural inhibits platelet aggregation. Mumefural shows anti-thrombotic effects and ameliorates cognitive impairment[1][2].
KX2-361 (KX-02) is a Src-kinase and tubulin polymerization inhibitor. KX2-361 shows good oral bioavailability and readily crosses the BBB in mice. KX2-361 shows anti-tumor activity and induces apoptosis of Glioblastoma (GBM) cell[1].
Synstab A is a mitosis modulator to promote interactions between α- and β-tubulin. Synstab A can polymerizes microtubules from purified tubulin, and produces microtubule bundles in interphase cells[1][2].
KY-04031 is a PAK4 inhibitor with IC50 of 0.79 uM, a basic building block in designing novel imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine-based PAK4 inhibitors.
Tubulin polymerization-IN-19 (compound 4) is a potent inhibitor of tubulin polymerization. Tubulin polymerization-IN-20 has the potential for the research of breast cancers and chemoresistant colon cancers[1].
2-Methoxyestradiol-d5 is the deuterium labeled 2-Hydroxyestradiol. 2-Methoxyestradiol (2-ME2), an orally active endogenous metabolite of 17β-estradiol (E2), is an apoptosis inducer and an angiogenesis inhibitor with potent antineoplastic activity. 2-Methoxyestradiol also destablize microtubules. 2-Methoxyestradio, also a potent superoxide dismutase (SOD) inhibitor and a ROS-generating agent, induces autophagy in the transformed cell line HEK293 and the cancer cell lines U87 and HeLa[1][2][3][4][5][6][7].
CFI-402257 is a highly selective and orally bioavailable TTK and Mps1 inhibitor with Kis of 0.1 and 0.09 nM, respectively.
Mavacamten-d6 (MYK461-d6; SAR439152-d6) is deuterium labeled Mavacamten (HY-109037). Mavacamten (MYK461) is an orally active modulator of cardiac myosin, with IC50s of 490, 711 nM for bovine cardiac and human cardiac, respectively.
Cys-McMMAF is the released payload of AlMcMMAF, an anti-5T4 humanized A1 antibody conjugated to the microtubule disrupting MMAF (HY-15579) via a maleimidocaproyl linker. Cys-McMMAF has antitumor efficacy in two tumor mouse models (H1975 and MDA-MB-361-DYT2 models)[1].