Epinastine(WAL801) is an antihistamine and mast cell stabilizer that is used in eye drops to treat allergic conjunctivitis.Target: Histamine ReceptorEpinastine shows a high affinity to H1-receptors in receptor binding studies in the guinea pig ileum. Epinastine inhibits histamine-induced reactions in the skin or the lung of rats, dogs and guinea pigs [1]. Epinastine is able to displace specific [3H]NC-5Z binding at low concentrations in the locust nervous tissue. Epinastine binds to the honey bees neuronal octopamine receptor with Ki of 1.1 nM. Epinastine antagonises octopamine-induced cAMP formation in the insect brain [2]. Epinastine causes an inhibition of histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells induced by both antigen-antibody reaction and compound 48/80. Epinastine is similarly effective in inhibiting compound 48/80-induced histamine release not only from isolated rat peritoneal mast cells but also from rat mesenterial pieces. Epinastine is effective in inhibiting not only Ca2+ uptake into lung mast cells in actively sensitized guinea pigs but also Ca2+ release from the intracellular Ca store of rat peritoneal mast cells exposed to both compound 48/80 and substance P [3]. Epinastine shows a dose- and time-dependent suppressive effect on IL-8, one of the chemokines for eosinophils, released from eosinophils isolated from atopic diseases [4].
iso-TRAP-6 (iso-SFLLRN) is a PAR-1 agonist that can activate platelets. iso-TRAP-6 is an analog of TRAP-6 (HY-P0078) that refers to the use of isoserine instead of serine as first amino acid[1].
Tozadenant is an adenosine A2A receptor antagonist, with Ki of 11.5 nM on human A2A and 6 nM on rhesus A2A.
Triamcinolone acetonide-d6 is deuterium labeled Triamcinolone acetonide.
KRAS G12C inhibitor 20 is a KRAS G12C inhibitor extracted from patent CN112694475A, example 1[1].
Tetrapeptide-1 is a bioactive peptide with antioxidant effect and has been reported used as a cosmetic ingredient[1].
CGP 25454A is a novel and selective presynaptic dopamine autoreceptor antagonist. In vitro: CGP 25454A increase the field-stimulated [3H]- and [14C]-overflow from rat striatal slices preloaded with [3H]dopamine and [14C]choline, indicating that CGP 25454A is able to enhance the release of both dopamine (DA) and acetylcholine (ACh). However, CGP 25454A is 12.9 times more potent in increasing, by 1/6 of the apparent maximal increase, the release of [3H]DA than that of [14C]ACh.In vivo: CGP 25454A increase [3H]spiperone binding to receptors of the D2 family in rat striatum by 90-110% (ED50: 13 mg/kg i.p.). As a similar increase in [3H]spiperone binding is found with a variety of agents which increase the synaptic concentration of endogenous DA, the effect of CGP 25454A most probably reflects an enhanced release of DA under in vivo conditions. At 30-100 mg/kg, CGP 25454A inhibit [3H]spiperone binding in the pituitary of the same animals as a result of a blockade of postsynaptic DA receptors.
ONO-8711 is a potent and selective competitive antagonist of EP1 receptor (Ki = 0.6 and 1.7 nM for human and mouse EP1 respectively). ONO-8711 effectively reduces tumor incidence and multiplicity in mouse models of colon, breast, and oral cancer[1].
Ramelteon metabolite M-II is the major metabolite of Ramelteon, with IC50s of 208 pM, 1470 pM for human melatonin receptors (MT1 or MT2). Ramelteon is a selective melatonin agonist.
Bunazosin hydrochloride is a potent and selective α1-adrenoceptor antagonist. Bunazosin hydrochloride can be used for antihypertensive and ocular hypotensive research[1].
PRX-08066 is a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B (5-HT2BR, IC50= 3.4 nM) antagonist that causes selective vasodilation of pulmonary arteries. IC50 value: 3.4 nM [1]Target: HT2B receptorin vitro: PRX-08066 inhibits 5-HT-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase activation with IC50 of 12 nM and markedly reduces thymidine incorporation with IC50 of 3 nM in Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing the human 5-HT2BR, which suggests that PRX-08066 can potentially inhibit the pathologic 5-HT-induced vascular muscularization associated with PAH [1]. PRX-08066 inhibits cell proliferation with IC50 of 0.46 nM and with a maximum inhibition of 20% and 5-HT secretion with IC50 of 6.9 nM with a maximum inhibition of 30% in the 5-HT(2B) expressing SI-NET cell line, KRJ-I. PRX-08066 inhibits isoproterenol-stimulated 5-HT release with IC50 of 1.25 nM and a maximum inhibition of 60% in NCI-H720 cells. PRX-08066 (0.5 nM) significantly inhibits ERK phosphorylation in KRJ-I cells. PRX-08066 inhibits TGFβ1, CTGF and FGF2 transcription and secretion in KRJ-I cells. PRX-08066 decreases level of transcripts for Ki67 (84%) as well as Ki67 protein (36.8%) associated with an increase in caspase 3 transcript levels in KRJ-I cells. PRX-08066 decreases level of transcripts of TGFβ1, FGF2 and TPH1 in KRJ-I cells. PRX-08066 significantly increases the number of dead cells (34%) compared with untreated controls in KRJ-I cells. PRX-08066 causes a significant increase in dead/caspase 3 positive cells (76%) and caspase 3 activity (52%) in HEK293 cells [2].in vivo: PRX-08066 (100 mg/kg) treated groups demonstrates less right ventricular hypertrophy and septal flattening than the monocrotaline control group in rats. PRX-08066 significantly reduces peak pulmonary artery pressure at 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg compared with monocrotaline control rats. PRX-08066 also significantly reduces right ventricle (RV)/body weight and RV/left ventricle + septum, compared with MCT-treated rats. PRX-08066 significantly attenuates the elevation in pulmonary artery pressure and RV hypertrophy and maintains cardiac function. PRX-08066 significantly reduces the hypoxia-dependent increase in right ventricular systolic pressure in both rats and mice without affecting the systemic mean arterial pressure in the animals [1]. PRX-08066 (100 mg/kg) significantly inhibits both right ventricular systolic pressure and right ventricular/left ventricular +septum weight elevations in rats. PRX-08066 (30 mg/kg) inhibits right ventricular systolic pressure and monocrotaline-induced ERK phosphorylation in whole lung homogenates in rats [3].
(E)-8-(3-Chlorostyryl)caffeine is a selective adenosine A2A receptor antagonist. (E)-8-(3-Chlorostyryl)caffeine inhibits monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) with a Ki value of 70 nM by a pathway that is independent of its actions on the A2A receptor. (E)-8-(3-Chlorostyryl)caffeine has the potential for Parkinson's disease research[1].
Lodoxamide is an antiallergic compound acting as a mast-cell stabilizer for the treatment of asthma and allergic conjunctivitis.
Olmesartan methyl ester is an intermediate in the synthesis of Olmesartan medoxomil. Olmesartan medoxomil is a potent and selective angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonist with IC50 of 66.2 μM[1][2].
FC131 TFA 是一种 CXCR4 拮抗剂，抑制 [125I]-SDF-1 与 CXCR4 结合，IC50 值为 4.5 nM。FC131 TFA 具有抗 HIV 的活性。
Practolol is a potent and selective β1-adrenergic receptor antagonist. Practolol can be used for the research of cardiac arrhythmias[1][2][3].
ONO-0740556 is a potent Gi-coupled human lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 (LPA1) agonist with an EC50 value of 0.26 nM[1].
Lumateperone Tosylate is a 5-HT2A receptor antagonist (Ki = 0.54 nM), a partial agonist of presynaptic D2 receptors and an antagonist of postsynaptic D2 receptors (Ki = 32 nM), and a SERT blocker (Ki = 61 nM). IC50 value: 0.54 nM (Ki, for 5-HT2A receptor )Target: 5-HT2A receptorLumateperone also possesses affinity for the D1 receptor (Ki = 52 nM) and weak affinity for the α1A- and α1B-adrenergic receptors (Ki = 173 nM at α1) and D4 receptor. Lumateperone does not significantly bind to the 5-HT2B, 5-HT2C, H1, or mACh receptors. Lumateperone shows a 60-fold difference in its affinities for the 5-HT2A and D2 receptors, which is far greater than that of most or all existing atypical antipsychotics, such as risperidone (12-fold), olanzapine (12.4-fold), and aripiprazole (0.18-fold).[1]in vivo: It is thought that this property may improve the effectiveness and reduce the side effect profile of Lumateperone relative to currently-available antipsychotics, a hypothesis which is supported by the observation of minimal catalepsy in mice treated with Lumateperone.[1]
Cyclorasin 9A5 is an 11-residue cell-permeable cyclic peptide that orthosterically inhibits the Ras-Raf protein interaction with an IC50 of 120 nM[1].
GB-6 is a short linear peptide that targets the gastrin releasing peptide receptor (GRPR). GRPR is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer. Based on the tumor selectivity and tumor-specific accumulation properties of GB-6, GB-6 labeled with near infrared (NIR) fluorescent dyes or radionuclide netium-99m (99mTc) can be used as a high-contrast imaging probe. GB-6 has excellent in vivo stability, with tumor to pancreatic and intestinal fluorescence signal ratios of 5.2 and 6.3, respectively, in SW199 0 subcutaneous xenograft models. GB-6 can rapidly target tumors and accurately delineate tumor boundaries, which has broad application prospects[1].
BMS-753426 is a potent and orally bioavailable antagonist of CCR2.
Maceneolignan H (Compound 8) is a neolignane compound isolated from the arils of Myristica fragrans. Maceneolignan H is a selective CCR3 antagonist (EC50 = 1.4 μM). Maceneolignan H has the potential for the research of allergic diseases[1].
Isoxsuprine hydrochloride is a beta-adrenergic receptor agonist with Kis of 13.65 μΜ and 3.48 μΜ for myometrial and placcntal beta-adrenergic receptor, respectively. Isoxsuprine hydrochloride is also a NMDA receptor antagonist.
Gluten Exorphin B5 is an exogenous opioid peptides derived from wheat gluten, acts on opioid receptor, increases postprandial plasma insulin level in rats[1].
DG5128 is a preferential α2-adrenoceptor antagonist. DG5128 exhibits 7.4 times higher affinity (pKi=6.28) toward α2-adrenoceptor than α1-adrenoceptor.
L-Epinephrine bitartrate is an α-adrenergic and β-adrenergic receptor agonist. L-Epinephrine is a hormone secreted by the medulla of the adrenal glands.
Naltrexone is an antagonist of Opioid receptor. Naltrexone inhibits cell proliferation in vivo. Naltrexone reduces tumor growth by interfering with cell signalling and modifying the immune system[1].
Neuromedin N is a potent modulator of dopamine D2 receptor agonist binding in rat neostriatal membranes. Sequence: Lys-Ile-Pro-Tyr-Ile-Leu.
Terlipressin acetate is a vasopressin analogue with potent vasoactive properties. Terlipressin acetate is a highly selective vasopressin V1 receptor agonist that reduces the splanchnic blood flow and portal pressure and controlling acute variceal bleeding. Terlipressin acetate exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. Terlipressin acetate has the potential for hepatorenal syndrome and norepinephrine-resistant septic shock treatment[1][2][3][4][5].