AZ304 is an ATP-competitive dual BRAF kinase inhibitor, potently inhibits wild type BRAF, V600E mutant BRAF and wild type CRAF, with IC50s of 79 nM, 38 nM and 68 nM, respectively. AZ304 also has significant effect on other kinases, such as p38 (IC50, 6 nM), CSF1R (IC50, 35 nM). Anti-tumor activity[1].
Cearoin, isolated from Dalbergia odorifera, increases autophagy and apoptosis through the production of ROS and the activation of ERK[1].
Regorafenib Hydrochloride is a multi-target inhibitor for VEGFR1/2/3, PDGFRβ, Kit, RET and Raf-1 with IC50s of 13/4.2/46, 22, 7, 1.5 and 2.5 nM, respectively.
HPK1-IN-14 is potent inhibitor of HPK1. HPK1 is a serine/threonine protein kinase cloned from hematopoietic progenitor cells and belongs to the MAP4K family of mammalian Ste-20-related protein kinases. HPK1-IN-14 has the potential for the research of HPK1 related diseases (extracted from patent WO2021213317A1, compound 79) [1].
Eudesmin ((-)-Eudesmin) impairs adipogenic differentiation via inhibition of S6K1 signaling pathway. Eudesmin possesses diverse therapeutic effects, including anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and anti-bacterial activities[1].
Regorafenib (BAY 73-4506) mesylate is an orally active and potent multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, with IC50 values of 13/4.2/46, 22, 7, 1.5 and 2.5 nM for VEGFR1/2/3, PDGFRβ, Kit, RET and Raf-1, respectively. Regorafenib mesylate shows very robust antitumor and antiangiogenic activity[1].
AD57 is an orally active multikinase inhibitor, inhibits RET, BRAF, S6K and Src, with greatly reduces mTOR activity[1].
Bakuchiol is a phytoestrogen isolated from the seeds of Psoralea corylifolia L; has anti-tumor effects.IC50 value:Target:in vitro: Bakuchiol reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (Psim) of cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, showing a more potent effect than that of resveratrol. S phase arrest, caspase 9/3 activaton, p53 and Bax up-regulation, as well as Bcl-2 down-regulation were observed in bakuchiol-treated A549 cells [1]. UGT2B7 was inhibited by the strongest intensity. The noncompetitive inhibition was demonstrated by the results obtained from Dixon plot and Lineweaver-Burk plot. The Ki value was calculated to be 10.7 μM [2]. Bakuchiol was found to be naturally occurring potent inhibitors of hCE2, with low Ki values ranging from 0.62μM to 3.89μM [3]. After exposure to bakuchiol at 0.25-fold, 0.5-fold and 1-fold of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (3.91 μg/ml) for 24h, the fungal conidia of T. mentagrophytes demonstrated a significant dose-dependent increase in membrane permeability. Moreover, bakuchiol at 1-fold MIC elicited a 187% elevation in reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in fungal cells after a 3-h incubation [4].in vivo: In combination with the reported concentration after an intravenous administration of bakuchiol (15 mg/kg) in rats, the high risk of in vivo inhibition of bakuchiol towards UGT2B7-catalyzed metabolism of drugs was indicated [2]. In a guinea pig model of tinea pedis, bakuchiol at 1%, 5% or 10% (w/w) concentration in aqueous cream could significantly reduce the fungal burden of infected feet (p<0.01-0.05) [4].
Albanol B is an arylbenzofuran derivative which can be isolated from mulberries. Albanol B exhibits anti-Alzheimer's disease, anti-bacterial and antioxidant activities. Albanol B inhibits cancer cells proliferation, down-regulates CDK1 expression. Albanol B also induces cell cycle arrest at G2/M and apoptosis. And Albanol B induces mitochondrial ROS production and increases the phosphorylation levels of AKT and ERK1/2[1].
Refametinib is a potent, selective, allosteric MEK1/MEK2 inhibitor with IC50s of 19 nM and 47 nM, respectively.
SB 202190 is a cell-permeable p38 MAP kinase inhibitor with IC50s of 50 nM and 100 nM for p38 and p38β2, respectively.
CHPG sodium salt is a selective mGluR5 agonist, and attenuates SO2-induced oxidative stress and inflammation through TSG-6/NF-κB pathway in BV2 microglial cells[1]. CHPG sodium salt protects against traumatic brain injury (TBI) in vitro and in vivo by activation of the ERK and Akt signaling pathways.[2].
N-Feruloyloctopamine, isolated from Garlic skin, is an antioxidant constituent. N-Feruloyloctopamine significantly decreases the phosphorylation levels of Akt and p38 MAPK[1].
HPK1-IN-7 is a potent, orally active HPK1 (hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1, MAP4K1) inhibitor (IC50=2.6 nM) with excellent family and kinome selectivity. HPK1-IN-7 shows selectivity against IRAK4 (59 nM) and GLK (140 nM). HPK1-IN-7 shows robust efficacy against MC38 syngeneic tumor model in combination with anti-PD1[1].
Dabrafenib is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of Raf with IC50s of 5 nM and 0.6 nM for C-Raf and B-RafV600E, respectively.
WHI-P258, a quinazoline compound, binds to the active site of JAK3 with an estimated Ki of 72 µM. WHI-P258 does not inhibit JAK3 and does not affect the thrombin-induced aggregation of platelets even at 100 μM[1][2].
MAPK-IN-1 (Compound 2) is a MAPK signaling pathway inhibitor. MAPK-IN-1 exhibits AChE inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 23.84 μM. MAPK-IN-1 shows anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective activity and can be used for Alzheimer's disease research[1].
M2698 (MSC2363318A) is an orally active, ATP competitive, selective p70S6K and Akt dual-inhibitor with IC50s of 1 nM for p70S6K, Akt1 and Akt3. M2698 can cross the blood-brain barrier and has anti-cancer activity[1].
Theaflavin 3,3'-digallate (TF3), the typical pigment in black tea, is a good antitumor agent. Theaflavin 3,3'-digallate is generally regarded as the effective component for the inhibitory effects against carcinogenesis without adverse side effects by affecting multiple signal transduction pathways, such as upregulating p53 and p21, inhibiting phosphorylation of the cell survival protein Akt and MAPK pathway, downregulation of NF-κB, shifting the ratio between pro-/antiapoptotic proteins. Theaflavin 3,3'-digallate causes a rapid and sustained decrease in phospho-ERK1/2 and -MEK1/2 protein expression. Theaflavin 3,3'-digallate inhibits HCT116 cell growth with an IC50 of 17.26 μM[1].
APS-2-79 behaves as a kinase suppressor of Ras (KSR)-dependent antagonist of RAF-mediated MEK phosphorylation. APS-2-79 binds directly to KSR2 within the KSR2-MEK1 complex with an IC 50 of 120±23 nM for KSR2.
eFT508 is a potent, highly selective, and orally bioavailable MNK1 and MNK2 inhibitor, with IC50s of 1-2 nM against both isoforms.
Takeda-6D (compound 6d) is an orally active and potent BRAF/VEGFR2 inhibitor, with IC50 values of 7.0 and 2.2 nM, respectively. Takeda-6D shows antiangiogenesis by suppressing the VEGFR2 pathway in 293/KDR and VEGF-stimulated HUVEC cells.Takeda-6D shows significant suppression of ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Takeda-6D shows antitumor activity[1].
RSK2-IN-2 (Compound 25) is a reversible covalent inhibitor of the RPS6KA3 (RSK2) kinase. RSK2-IN-2 is also described to inhibit MSK1, MSK2 and RSK3[1].
HS220 (HS-220) is a Plasmodium-selective takinib analog that targets atypical P. falciparum protein kinase 9 (PfPK9, Kd=4.1 uM) but does not inhibit HsTAK1, decreases K63-linked ubiquitination in P. falciparum; inhibits P. berghei parasite load in HuH7 cells with EC50 of 43 uM, with no significant change on HuH7 viability; induce a unique phenotype where parasite size in hepatocytes increases.
c-JUN peptide is a cell-permeable c-JUN-JNK interaction inhibitor. c-JUN peptide inhibits serum-induced c-Jun phosphorylation. c-JUN peptide induces apoptosis[1].
SKF-86002 is a potent inhibitor of p38 MAP kinase wit IC50 of 0.5-1 uM; inhibits LPS-induced IL-1 and TNF-α production in human monocytes (IC50 = 1 μM).IC50 value:Target: p38 MAPK inhibitorin vitro: SKF-86002 inhibited prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) synthase activity (IC50 120 microM) as well as prostanoid production by rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-1) cells (IC50 70 microM) and its sonicate (IC50 100 microM) and human monocytes (IC50 1 microM). In addition, SK&F 86002 inhibited the generation of dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (diHETE) and 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE) by a high speed supernatant fraction of RBL-1 cells (IC50 10 microM) [1]. differentiation of HL-60 cells toward the neutrophil phenotype resulted in a loss in c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase activation with concomitant acquisition of formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine-stimulatable and stress-inducible p38 MAPK activity as well as apoptosis blockade by SKF-86002 [2]. SKF-86002 blocked superoxide anion production in response to FMLP and reduced adhesion and chemotaxis in response to PAF or FMLP [3].
Pseudocoptisine acetate, a quaternary alkaloid with a benzylisoquinoline skeleton, is isolated from the tubers of Corydalis turtschaninovii. Pseudocoptisine acetate shows anti-inflammatory properties[1].
CMPD1 is a selective and non-ATP-competitive p38 MAPK-mediated MK2 phosphorylation inhibitor with apparent Ki (Kiapp) of 330 nM[1][2].
Necrosulfonamide is a necroptosis inhibitor acting by selectively targeting the mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) to block the necrosome formation.
TBAP-001 (Synthesis 13), extracted from patent WO2015075483A1, is a pan-RAF kinase inhibitor, with an IC50 of 62 nM in BRAF V600E kinase assay[1].