Cibenzoline is a potent inhibitor of KATP channel with directly affecting the pore-forming Kir6.2 subunit rather than the SUR1 subunit. Cibenzoline is a class Ia antiarrhythmic drug. Cibenzoline has little anticholinergic activity. Cibenzoline markedly attenuate LVPG which has a close relationship with myocardial contractility decreasing. Cibenzoline has the potential for the research of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy[1][2].
Ethaverine hydrochloride, a derivative of papaverine, inhibits cardiac L-type calcium channel. Ethaverine hydrochloride is a peripheral vasodilator and antispasmodic agent. Ethaverine hydrochloride can be used for research of peripheral vascular disease[1][2][3].
Cav 2.2 blocker 1 (compound 9) is a N-type calcium channel (Cav 2.2) blocker for the treatment of pain, with an IC50 of 1 nM[1].
GV-58 is a potent, selective N- and P/Q-type Ca2+ channels agonist with EC50 of 7.21/8.81 uM for N-type/P-Q-type Ca2+ channel; 20-fold less potent CDK inhibitor activity.IC50 value: 7.21/8.81 uM (N-type/P-Q-type Ca2+ channel) [1]Target: Ca2+ channel agonistIn comparison with the parent molecule, (R)-roscovitine, GV-58 has a 20-fold less potent cyclin-dependent kinase antagonist effect, a 3- to 4-fold more potent Ca2+ channel agonist effect, and 4-fold higher efficacy as a Ca2+ channel agonist. GV-58 had no agonist activity (up to 100 μm) on the L-type α-subunit we tested (Cav1.3). In summary, GV-58 greatly improved upon (R)-roscovitine in terms of our properties of interest, with a ～4-fold increase in efficacy as an agonist for N- and P/Q-type Ca2+ channels, a ～3- to 4-fold increase in potency as an agonist for N- and P/Q-type Ca2+ channels, and a 20-fold decrease in potency as a Cdk antagonist.
Camlipixant (BLU-5937) a potent, selective, non-competitive and orally active P2X3 homotrimeric receptor antagonist with an IC50 of 25 nM against hP2X3 homotrimeric. Camlipixant shows potent anti-tussive effect and no taste alteration. Camlipixant can be used for the research of unexplained, refractory chronic cough[1].
Ethosuximide-d5 is deuterium labeled Ethosuximide. Ethosuximide, a widely prescribed anti-epileptic drug, improves the phenotypes of multiple neurodegenerative disease models and blocks the low voltage activated T-type calcium channel.
TRPM4 inhibitor 5 is a potent and selective inhibitor of TRPM4 with IC50 of 1.5 uM (Na+ influx); selectively inhibits TRPM4 overexpressed in HEK293 cells (IC50=1.8 uM) using classical patch-clamp electrophysiology recordings, shows no significant effect on the TRPM5 current, as well as other TRP family members including TRPM7, TRPM8, TRPV1 and TRPV6.
Brevetoxin-3 (PbTx-3) is a potent allosteric voltage-gated Na+ channel activator and has multiple active centers (A-ring lactone, C-42 of R side chain)[1]. Brevetoxin-3 (PbTx-3) has a high affinity to site 5 of the voltage-sensitive Na+ channels, inhibits the inactivation of Na+ channels and prolongs the mean open time of these channels. Brevetoxin-3 (PbTx-3) repeated exposures can lead to prolonged airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and lung inflammation[2].
5-AMAM-2-CP is a major metabolite of Acetamiprid. Acetamiprid is a neonicotinoid insecticide used worldwide and is a nAChR agonist[1][2].
AP14145 hydrochloride is a potent KCa2 (SK) channel negative allosteric modulator with an IC50 of 1.1 μM for KCa2.2 (SK2) and KCa2.3 (SK3) channels. AP14145 hydrochloride inhibition strongly depends on two amino acids, S508 and A533 in the channel. AP14145 hydrochloride prolonged atrial effective refractory period (AERP) in rats and demonstrates antiarrhythmic effects in a Vernakalant-resistant porcine model of atrial fibrillation (AF)[1][2].
Caldaret is an intracellular Ca2+ handling modulator that acts through reverse mode Na+/Ca2+ exchanger inhibition.
ATP is a phosphate-group donor for substrate activation in metabolic reactions and the coenzyme for a large number of kinases.
Acevaltrate, isolated from Valeriana glechomifolia, inhibits the Na+/K+-ATPase activity in the rat kidney and brain hemispheres with IC50s of 22.8±1.1 μM and 42.3±1.0 μM, respectively[1].
Z944 is a T-type calcium channel antagonist that rescues impairments in crossmodal and visual recognition memory.
Eniporide hydrochloride (EMD-96785 hydrochloride) is a potent Na+/H+ exchange inhibitor.
Carburazepam is a drug which derives from benzodiazepine. Benzodiazepines (BZD, BZs) are a class of psychoactive drugs whose core chemical structure is the fusion of a benzene ring and a diazepine ring.
Tetrabenazine Metabolite is an active metabolite of Tetrabenazine. Tetrabenazine Metabolite is a vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) inhibitor with a high affinity (Ki=13.4 nM)[1]. Tetrabenazine Metabolite is be developed for the treatment of chorea associated with Huntington’s disease and other hyperkinetic disorders[1].
ω-Conotoxin CVIB is a non-selective N- and P/Q-type voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) antagonist. ω-Conotoxin CVIB inhibits depolarization-activated whole-cell VGCC currents in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons with a pIC50 of 7.64[1].
VB124 is a potent and selective MCT4 inhibitor. VB124 might redirect glycolytic carbon flux into mitochondrial pyruvate oxidation. VB124 bolcks lactate import (IC50=8.6nM), and export (IC50=19nM) in MDA-MB-231 cells that are engineers to express MCT4 as the only major plasma membrane lactate transporter.
ML-SA1, as a selective TRPML agonist, inhibits Dengue virus 2 (DENV2) and Zika virus (ZIKV) by promoting lysosomal acidification and protease activity. The IC50 value of ML-SA1 against DENV2 RNA and ZIKV RNA is 8.3 μM and 52.99 μM, respectively. ML-SA1 induces autophagy. ML-SA1 can be used for the research of broad-spectrum antiviral[1].
Ruthenium red (Ammoniated ruthenium oxychloride) is a polycationic dye widely used for electron microscopy (EM) of cells, tissues and vegetative bacteria. Ruthenium red strongly reacts with phospholipids and fatty acids and binds to acidic mucopolysaccharides. Ruthenium red is a L-type calcium current (ICa) blocker[1][2].
ABT-239 is a novel, highly efficacious, non-imidazole class of H3R antagonist and a transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) antagonist.
Sepimostat exhibits neuroprotective activity via NR2B N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonism at the Ifenprodil-binding site of the NR2B subunit. Sepimostat inhibits the Ifenprodil binding with a Ki value of 27.7 µM[1].
hENT4-IN-1 is a potent and selective human ENT4 (equilibrative nucleoside transporter 4) inhibitor with an IC50 of 74.4 nM[1].
CGS 20625 is a potent, selective and orally active partial agonist for the central benzodiazepine receptor. CGS 20625 inhibits [3H]-flunitrazepam binding to central benzodiazepine receptors with an IC50 of 1.3 nM. CGS 20625 can be used for the research of pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures[1].
L-DABA (L-2,4-Diaminobutyric acid) hydrobromide is a week GABA transaminase inhibitor with an IC50 of larger than 500 μM; exhibits antitumor activity in vivo and in vitro.
PF-01247324 is a selective and orally bioavailable Nav1.8 channel blocker with an IC50 of 196 nM for recombinant human Nav1.8 channel.
KRN4884 is a K+ channel opener. In the presence of intracellular ATP (1 mM), KRN4884 (0.1-3 μM) activates KATP channels in a concentration-dependent manner (EC50=0.55 μM).
Vonoprazan hydrochloride, a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), is a potent and orally active potassium-competitive acid blocker (P-CAB), with antisecretory activity. Vonoprazan hydrochloride inhibits H+,K+-ATPase activity in porcine gastric microsomes with an IC50 of 19 nM at pH 6.5. Vonoprazan hydrochloride is developed for the research of acid-related diseases, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease and peptic ulcer disease. Vonoprazan hydrochloride can be used for eradication of Helicobacter pylori[1][2][3].
H3B-120 is a highly selective, competitive and allosteric carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.5 μM and a Ki of 1.4 μM. H3B-120 has anti-cancer activity[1].