Oxoadipic acid is a key metabolite of the essential amino acids tryptophan and lysine.
Galanthamine is a potent acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor with an IC50 of 500 nM.
5'-Deoxyadenosine is an oxidized nucleoside found in the urine of normal subjects.
2-Guanidinoacetic acid, a precursor of creatine, is a replacement of dietary arginine and could support overall energy homeostasis of the bird.
3-Methyluridine is a modified nucleoside of cellular RNA.
Natamycin (pimaricin) is an antifungal macrolide polyene that binds to cell membrane sterols.Target: AntifungalNatamycin (INN), also known as pimaricin and sometimes sold as Natacyn, is a naturally occurring antifungal agent produced during fermentation by the bacterium Streptomyces natalensis, commonly found in soil. Natamycin has a very low solubility in water; however, natamycin is effective at very low levels. There is an MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) of less than 10 ppm for most molds. Natamycin is classified as a macrolide polyene antifungal and, as a drug, is used to treat fungal keratitis. It is especially effective against Aspergillus and Fusarium corneal infections. Other common members of the polyene macrolide antifungal family are amphotericin B, nystatin, and filipin. Natamycin is also used in the food industry as a natural preservative.Natamycin is used to treat fungal infections, including Candida, Aspergillus, Cephalosporium, Fusarium and Penicillium. It is applied as a cream, in eyedrops, or (for oral infections) in a lozenge. Natamycin shows negligible absorption into the body when administered in these ways. When taken orally, little or none is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, making it inappropriate for systemic infections.
Acetylcysteine is a mucolytic agent which reduces the thickness of the mucus.
L-Tyrosine is a non-essential amino acid which can inhibit citrate synthase activity in the posterior cortex.
5-Hydroxytryptophol is a mammalian serotonin metabolite, acting as a marker of acute alcohol consumption.
Xanthine is a purine base found in most human body tissues and fluids and in other organisms.
Epoxomicin is a cell-permeable and irreversible proteasome inhibitor, primarily the chymotrypsin-like activity.
Diclazuril is an anti-coccidial drug. Target: AntiparasiticDiclazuril is a coccidiostat, the lambs treated with diclazuril showed an intense, persistent oocyst excretion, with average levels of 97.54 opg, considerably higher than those recorded in the animals treated with toltrazuril (p < 0.05) [1]. Diclazuril is effective against E. maxima later in its life cycle, subclinical intestinal lesions may be present for a short time after infection. Diclazuril was shown in studies to reduce lesion scores and improve performance and health of birds challenged with E. maxima [2].
ATP is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo, provides the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serves as a coenzyme in cells.
Bovinic acid is a conjugated linoleic acid with anticarcinogenic and anti-atherogenic activities.
O-Phospho-L-serine is the immediate precursor to L-serine in the serine synthesis pathway, and an agonist at the group III mGluR receptors (mGluR4, mGluR6, mGluR7, and mGluR8); O-Phospho-L-serine also acts as a weak antagonist for mGluR1 and a potent antagonist for mGluR2.
Methyldopa is an alpha-adrenergic agonist (selective for α2-adrenergic receptors) psychoactive drug used as a sympatholytic or antihypertensive.Target: alpha-adrenergic agonistMethyldopa is an alpha-adrenergic agonist (selective for α2-adrenergic receptors) psychoactive drug used as a sympatholytic or antihypertensive. Its use is now mostly deprecated following the introduction of alternative safer classes of agents. However, it continues to have a role in otherwise difficult to treat hypertension and gestational hypertension (also known as pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH)).Methyldopa has a dual mechanism of action. It is a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme DOPA decarboxylase, also known as aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase, which converts L-DOPA into dopamine. Dopamine is a precursor for norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and subsequently epinephrine (adrenaline). This inhibition results in reduced dopaminergic and adrenergic neurotransmission in the peripheral nervous system. This effect may lower blood pressure and cause central nervous system effects such as depression, anxiety, apathy, anhedonia, and parkinsonism. It is converted to α-methylnorepinephrine by dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH). α-methylnorepinephrine is an agonist of presynaptic central nervous system α2-adrenergic receptors. Activation of these receptors in the brainstem appears to inhibit sympathetic nervous system output and lower blood pressure. This is also the mechanism of action of clonidine.
CEF3 (SIIPSGPLK) corresponds to aa 13-21 of the influenza A virus M1 protein. The matrix (M1) protein of influenza A virus is a multifunctional protein that plays essential structural and functional roles in the virus life cycle.
3-Chloro-L-tyrosine is a specific marker of myeloperoxidase-catalyzed oxidation, and is markedly elevated in low density lipoprotein isolated from human atherosclerotic intima.
Glyparamide is a chlorophenyl-containing sulfonylurea with hypoglycemic activity; Glyparamide rarely causes hepatic injury.
Palmitic acid is a long-chain saturated fatty acid commonly found in both animals and plants.
Puromycin dihydrochloride is the dihydrochloride salt of puromycin. Puromycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis.
Methysticin is a major kavalactone in kava extract to induce CYP1A1.
Sisomicin sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic.
Isovalerylcarnitine is a product of the catabolism of L-leucine. It increases calpain activity.
(S)-Leucic acid is an amino acid metabolite.
1,4-Butanediamine is an indicator of pollution-induced stress in higher plants: barley and rape stressed with Cr(III) or Cr(VI). 1,4-Butanediamine is an important source of GABA.