Proflavine, an acridine dye, is a known DNA intercalating agent. Anti-microbial agent[1]. Proflavine behaves as a pore blocker for Kir3.2. Proflavine is a potential lead compound for Kir3.2-associated neurological diseases[2].
Carbenicillin is broad-spectrum semisynthetic penicillin derivative used parenterally.Target: AntibacterialCarbenicillin is a semi-synthetic penicillin antibiotic which interferes with cell wall synthesis of gram-negative bacteria while displaying low toxicity. The leukocytes of the patients does not release histamine on in vitro provocation with Carbenicillin (0.1 g/mL). Carbenicillin (0.1 g/mL) does not show any allergic drug reactions in cystic fibrosis patients, as evident by no significant levels of antibodies of IgE, IgG or IgM classes [1]. Carbenicillin (50 μg/mL) results in phytotoxicity in chrysanthemum and TOB, with an increase in the concentration, and with a parallel shift in the morphogenic capacity (SRC) of threshold survival levels (TSLs). Carbenicillin results in 100% acclimatization with no different morphological flowering characteristics following subculture in vitro three times in Chrysanthemum plantlets [2].
Citrinin is a mycotoxin which causes contamination in the food and is associated with different toxic effects. Citrinin is usually found together with another nephrotoxic mycotoxin, Ochratoxin A. Citrinin is also reported to possess a broad spectrum of bioactivities, including antibacterial, antifungal, and potential anticancer and neuro-protective effects in vitro[1][2].
Feglymycin is a HIV replication inhibitor. Feglymycin is also an antibiotic peptide that has antibacterial activity (MIC: 32-64 μg/mL for Staphylococcus aureus)[1].
Galidesivir hydrochloride (BCX 4430 hydrochloride) is a viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) inhibitor; demonstrated broad-spectrum activity in multiple viruses and a favorable preliminary preclinical safety profile.
Tenofovir diphosphate (TFV-DP) is a competitive DNA polymerases inhibitor (with respect to dATP) and a substrate of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT)[1].
Vicriviroc maleate is a potent, selective, oral bioavailable and CNS penetrated antagonist of CCR5, with a Ki of 2.5 nM, and also inhibits HIV-1 in PBMC cells, with IC90s of 3.3 nM (JrFL), 2.8 nM (ADA-M), 1.8 nM (301657), 4.9 nM (JV1083) and 10 nM (RU 570).
Ranitidine is a potent, selective and orally active histamine H2-receptor antagonist with an IC50 of 3.3 μM that inhibits gastric secretion. Ranitidine is a weak inhibitor of CYP2C19 and CYP2C9[1][2].
CEF1, Influenza Matrix Protein M1 (58-66) is an epitope derived from the matrix protein of the influenza A virus[1].
2',3'-Dideoxyadenosine is an inhibitor of HIV replication[1]. Antiretroviral activity[1]. Antiviral efficacy[1].
Ceftobiprole is a broad-spectrum cephalosporin with activity against Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with the MIC90 value of 2 mcg/mL.
1,7-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4,6-heptatrien-3-one is a potent nucleocapsid (N) protein inhibitor can be isolated from Curcuma kwangsiensis. 1,7-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4,6-heptatrien-3-one exhibits excellent antiviral activity against HCoV-OC43 and SARS-CoV-2,with EC50 values of 0.16 μM and 0.17 μM, respectively[1].
HIV-IN-2 (Compound 100) is a potent inhibitor of HIV. HIV-IN-2 has the potential for the research of HIV infection[1].
Ftaxilide is a novel antituberculosis agent.
RP-1 is an antimicrobial peptide, and is active against S. aureus, S. typhimurium, E. coli, and C. albicans[1].
Moroxydine HCl is a synthetic antiviral compound chemically belonging to the series of the heterocyclic biguanidines.Target: Influenza VirusMoroxydine is an antiviral drug that was originally developed in the 1950s as an influenza treatment. It has potential applications against a number of RNA and DNA viruses [1]. Structurally moroxydine is a heterocyclic biguanidine. Moroxydine was reported in March 2014 that three kindergartens in two provinces of China had been found to be secretly dosing their students with moroxydine hydrochloride to try to prevent them from becoming ill. The kindergartens are paid only for the days that pupils attend and wanted to ensure that they maximised their earnings [2].
Pogostone is isolated from patchouli with anti-bacterial and anti-cancer activities. Pogostone inhibits both gram negative and gram positive bacteria, also show inhibitory effect on corynebacterium xerosis with a MIC value of 0.098 µg/ml [2]. Pogostone induces cell apoptosis and autophagy[2].
Ethacridine lactate is a poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) inhibitor.
Wilfortrine is a bioactive sesquiterpene alkaloid. Wilfortrine exhibits immunosuppresive effects. Wilfortrine also can inhibit leukaemia cell growth in mice and shows anti-HIV activity[1].
RFI-641 is a dendrimer-like compound with anti-RSV properties and is effective in vitro and in vivo activity.
Fluconazole is a triazole antifungal drug used in the treatment and prevention of superficial and systemic fungal infections.Target: AntifungalFluconazole is a triazole antifungal intended for oral treatment of superficial and systemic mycoses. In tests done in standard mycological media, the compound had minimal inhibitory concentrations against pathogenic Candida species that were usually in excess of 100 mg/l. Fluconazole inhibited branching and hyphal development in C. albicans at concentrations as low as 10(-6) M (0.3 mg/l), but miconazole and ketoconazole were still active in these tests at concentrations 100 times lower than this [1]. Oral fluconazole was not associated with a significantly increased risk of birth defects overall or of 14 of the 15 specific birth defects of previous concern. Fluconazole exposure may confer an increased risk of tetralogy of Fallot [2]. Fluconazole is predicted to be ineffective against Cryptococcus gattii in the koala as a sole therapeutic agent administered at 10 mg/kg p.o. every 12 h [3].Clinical indications: Balanitis; Candida infection; Cryptococcus infection; Cryptococcus neoformans meningitis; Dermatomycosis; Female genital tract infection; Fungal infection; Fungal respiratory tract infection; Fungal urinary tract infection; Prophylaxis; Tinea capitis; Tinea corporis; Tinea cruris; Tinea pedis .Toxicity: Symptoms of overdose include hallucinations and paranoid behavior.
BILB-1941 is an inhibitor of HCV NS5B polymerase and can be used in studies about HCV infection.
GlcNAcstatin is a selective glucoimidazole-based bacterial O-GlcNAcase inhibitor with a Ki of 4.6 pM. GlcNAcstatin shows 100000-fold selectivity over HexA/B[1].
Ethyl Vanillate is a fungicidal agent. Ethyl Vanillate inhibits 17β-HSD2 with an IC50 1.3 µM[1][2].
Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-5 is a potent inhibitor of cap-dependent endonuclease (CEN). Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-5 inhibits influenza virus well, and/or has lower cytotoxicity, better in vivo pharmacokinetic properties and in vivo pharmacodynamic properties (extracted from patent WO2020078401A1, compound 13-1)[1].
Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-21 is a potent inhibitor of cap-dependent endonuclease (CEN). Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-21 inhibits the replication of influenza virus. ap-dependent endonuclease-IN-21 has the potential for the research of influenza virus infection (influenza A) (extracted from patent WO2021233302A1, compound 8B or 8A)[1].
CAP18 (rabbit) is a 37 amino acids antimicrobial peptide originally isolated from rabbit granulocytes. CAP18 (rabbit) has broad antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive (IC50, 130-200 nM) and Gram-negative (IC50, 20-100 nM) bacteria. CAP18 (rabbit) has the potential for bacterial sepsis research[1].
Telbivudine-d4 is deuterium labeled Telbivudine. Telbivudine (Epavudine), an orally active thymidine nucleoside analog, is a potent antiviral inhibitor of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication[1].
HIV-1 inhibitor-47 is an inhibitor of HIV-1, and inhibits vif-dependent degradation of human APOBEC3G, with an IC50 value of 14.33 μM. HIV-1 inhibitor-47 also involves in derivatives of 1-(2-pyrimidinyl)piperazine synthesis, with potential antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic effect[1][2][3].
F1839-I is a compound that can be isolated from Stachybotrys. F1839-I has weak cytotoxicity and anti-HIV activity with an IC50 value of 15.6 μM[1].