Cell Cycle includes many processes necessary for successful self-replication, and consists of DNA synthesis (S) and mitosis (M) phases separated by gap phases in the order G1–S–G2–M. S phase and M phase are usually separated by gap phases called G1 and G2, when cell-cycle progression can be regulated by various intracellular and extracellular signals. In order to move from one phase of its life cycle to the next, a cell must pass through numerous checkpoints. At each checkpoint, specialized proteins determine whether the necessary conditions exist. Progression through G1 phase is controlled by pRB proteins, and phosphorylation of pRB proteins by CDKs releases E2F factors, promoting the transition to S phase. The G2/M transition that commits cells to division is a default consequence of initiating the cell cycle at the G1/S transition, many proteins, such Wee1, PLK1 and cdc25, is involved the regulation of this process. The best-understood checkpoints are those activated by DNA damage and problems with DNA replication.

DNA damage response (DDR) is a series of regulatory events including DNA damage, cell-cycle arrest, regulation of DNA replication, and repair or bypass of DNA damage to ensure the maintenance of genomic stability and cell viability. Genome instability arises if cells initiate mitosis when chromosomes are only partially replicated or are damaged by a double-strand DNA break (DSB). To prevent cells with damaged DNA from entering mitosis, ATR inhibits cyclin B/Cdk1 activation by stimulating the Cdk1 inhibitory kinase Wee1 and inhibiting Cdc25C via Chk1, besides, ATM and ATR also initiate DNA repair by phosphorylating several other substrates.

In cancer cells, the cell cycle regulators as well as other elements of the DDR pathway have been found to protect tumor cells from different stresses and to promote tumor progression. Thus, cell cycle proteins that directly regulate cell cycle progression (such as CDKs), as well as checkpoint kinases, Aurora kinases and PLKs, are promising targets in cancer therapy.

References:
[1] Rhind N, et al. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2012 Oct; 4(10): a005942.
[2] Duronio RJ, et al. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2013 Mar; 5(3): a008904.
[3] Liu W, et al. Mol Cancer. 2017 Mar 14;16(1):60.
[4] Ghelli Luserna di Rora' A, et al. J Hematol Oncol. 2017 Mar 29;10(1):77.


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2-Amino-7-propargyl-7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-9-(beta-D-3-deoxy-ribofuranosyl)purine

2-Amino-7-propargyl-7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-9-(beta-D-3-deoxy-ribofuranosyl)purine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 2389988-75-2
  • MF: C13H15N5O4
  • MW: 305.29
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

3'-DMTr-dA

3'-DMTr-dA can be used for the synthesis of nucleotides[1].

  • CAS Number: 140712-82-9
  • MF: C47H52N7O7P
  • MW: 857.93
  • Catalog: DNA/RNA Synthesis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Falcarinol

Falcarinol (Panaxynol) is a natural, orally active Hsp90 inhibitor targeting both the N-terminal and C-terminal of Hsp90 with limited toxicities. Falcarinol (Panaxynol) induces apoptosis[1].

  • CAS Number: 21852-80-2
  • MF: C17H24O
  • MW: 244.372
  • Catalog: HSP
  • Density: 0.9±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 370.6±42.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 163.4±20.9 °C

Hydroxyfasudil

Hydroxyfasudil is a ROCK inhibitor, with IC50s of 0.73 and 0.72 μM for ROCK1 and ROCK2, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 105628-72-6
  • MF: C14H17N3O3S
  • MW: 307.36800
  • Catalog: ROCK
  • Density: 1.329g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 613.7ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 325ºC

AZD7762

AZD-7762 is a potent ATP-competitive checkpoint kinase (Chk) inhibitor in with an IC50 of 5 nM for Chk1.

  • CAS Number: 860352-01-8
  • MF: C17H19FN4O2S
  • MW: 362.42
  • Catalog: Checkpoint Kinase (Chk)
  • Density: 1.38
  • Boiling Point: 547.6ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 285ºC

2’,3’-Di-O-acetyl-8-benzyloxy-3’-deoxy-3’-fluoroguanosine

2’,3’-Di-O-acetyl-8-benzyloxy-3’-deoxy-3’-fluoroguanosine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 2389988-77-4
  • MF: C21H22FN5O7
  • MW: 475.43
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Tubulysin C

Tubulysin C is a highly cytotoxic peptide isolated from the myxobacterial species Archangium geophyra and Angiococcus disciformis. Tubulysin displays extremely potent cytotoxic activity in mammalian cells, including multidrug-resistant cell lines, with IC50 values in the lower nanomolar range[1]. Tubulysin C is a cytotoxic activity tubulysin which inhibits tubulin polymerization and leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis[2].

  • CAS Number: 205304-88-7
  • MF: C41H61N5O10S
  • MW: 816.02
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

5-Methylcytosine-d4

5-Methylcytosine-d4 is the deuterium labeled 5-Methylcytosine[1]. 5-Methylcytosine is a well-characterized DNA modification, and is also predominantly in abundant non-coding RNAs in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. 5-Methylcytosine in mRNA is a new epitranscriptome marker inArabidopsis, and that regulation of this modification is an integral part of gene regulatory networks underlying plant development[2].

  • CAS Number: 1219795-15-9
  • MF: C5H3D4N3O
  • MW: 129.15
  • Catalog: DNA/RNA Synthesis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

9-[2'-O-Acetyl-3'-azido-3'-deoxy-5'-O-toluoyl-b-L-ribofuranosyl)-6-chloropurine

9-[2'-O-Acetyl-3'-azido-3'-deoxy-5'-O-toluoyl-b-L-ribofuranosyl)-6-chloropurine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 2095417-30-2
  • MF: C20H18ClN7O5
  • MW: 471.85
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

TC-S 7005

TC-S 7005 is a Polo-like kinases (Plks) inhibitor with IC50s of 4 nM, 24 nM and 214 nM for Plk2, Plk3, and Plk1, respectively[1].

  • CAS Number: 1082739-92-1
  • MF: C21H17N3O3
  • MW: 359.38
  • Catalog: Polo-like Kinase (PLK)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

DMTr-dH2U-amidite

DMTr-dH2U-amidite is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 151503-28-5
  • MF: C39H47N4O7P
  • MW: 714.79
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

coralyne chloride hydrate

Coralyne chloride is a protoberberine alkaloid with potent anti-cancer activities. Coralyne chloride acts as a potent topoisomerase I poison and induces Top I mediated DNA cleavage[2]. Coralyne chloride can be used for preparing coralyne derivatives as DNA binding fluorescent probes[3].

  • CAS Number: 38989-38-7
  • MF: C22H22ClNO4
  • MW: 399.86700
  • Catalog: Topoisomerase
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: 215ºC
  • Flash Point: N/A

5-Methyl-N-(2-morpholino-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)furan-2-carboxamide

SPHINX is a selective SRPK1 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.58 μM. SPHINX effectively reduces Choroidal Neovascularization (CNV) in vivo. SPHINX can be used for the research of (age-related macular degenaration) AMD[1].

  • CAS Number: 848057-98-7
  • MF: C17H17F3N2O3
  • MW: 354.324
  • Catalog: SRPK
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 391.2±42.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 190.4±27.9 °C

PDE5/HDAC-IN-1

PDE5/HDAC-IN-1 (Compound 26) is a potent phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) and HDAC inhibitor with IC50 values of 46.3 nM and 14.5 nM, respectively. PDE5/HDAC-IN-1 induces cell apoptosis and shows anticancer activities[1].

  • CAS Number: 2414921-48-3
  • MF: C27H29BrN4O4
  • MW: 553.45
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

EB1

EB1 is the inhibitor of kinases MNK with IC50s of 0.69 μM (MNK1) and 9.4 μM (MNK2). EB1 selectively inhibits the growth of cancer cells, but not normal cells. EB1 also increases cell apoptosis and suppresses eIF4E phosphorylation[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 42951-68-8
  • MF: C18H14N4
  • MW: 286.33100
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

5'-DMT-2'-F-Ac-dC

5'-O-DMT-N4-Ac-2'-F-dC is a modified nucleoside and can be used to synthesize DNA or RNA.

  • CAS Number: 159414-98-9
  • MF: C32H32FN3O7
  • MW: 589.61100
  • Catalog: DNA/RNA Synthesis
  • Density: 1.31±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Aurora Kinases-IN-2

Aurora Kinases-IN-2 (compound 12Aj) is a potent Aurora kinases inhibitor with IC50 values of 90 and 152 nM for Aurora A and Aurora B. Aurora Kinases-IN-2 arrests cell cycle at G2/M phase by regulating cyclin B1 and cdc2. Aurora Kinases-IN-2 can be used for cancer research[1].

  • CAS Number: 2241914-86-1
  • MF: C22H18ClN5O3
  • MW: 435.86
  • Catalog: Aurora Kinase
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Pioglitazone-d4 (alkyl)

Pioglitazone-d4 (alkyl) (U 72107-d4 (alkyl)) is the deuterium labeled Pioglitazone. Pioglitazone (U 72107) is a potent and selective PPARγ agonist with high affinity binding to the PPARγ ligand-binding domain with EC50 of 0.93 and 0.99 μM for human and mouse PPARγ, respectively[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1134163-31-7
  • MF: C19H16D4N2O3S
  • MW: 360.46300
  • Catalog: Ferroptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

BYK 49187

AR-C66096 (FPL 66096) tetrasodium is a selective platelet P2YT receptor antagonist. AR-C66096 tetrasodium effectively blocks ADP-induced platelet aggregation. AR-C66096 tetrasodium can be used in the research of thromboembolism[1].

  • CAS Number: 163120-31-8
  • MF: C19H21N5O
  • MW: 335.40
  • Catalog: PARP
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Thymidine-d2

Thymidine-d2 is the deuterium labeled Thymidine. Thymidine, a specific precursor of deoxyribonucleic acid, is used as a cell synchronizing agent. Thymidine is a DNA synthesis inhibitor that can arrest cell at G1/S boundary, prior to DNA replication[1

  • CAS Number: 132376-92-2
  • MF: C10H12D2N2O5
  • MW: 244.24100
  • Catalog: DNA/RNA Synthesis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Hu7691 free base

Hu7691 free base is an orally active, selective Akt inhibitor with IC50s of 4.0 nM, 97.5 nM, 28 nM for Akt1, Akt2 and Akt3, respectively. Hu7691 free base inhibits tumor growth and enables decrease of cutaneous toxicity in mice[1].

  • CAS Number: 2241232-43-7
  • MF: C22H21F3N4O
  • MW: 414.42
  • Catalog: ROCK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

PF-06651481-00

Bosutinib isomer is a ligand or inhibitor with high binding affinity for both Wee1 and Wee2, with Kd values of 43.7 ± 10.0 and 4.7 ± 2.3 nM, respectively[1].

  • CAS Number: 1391063-17-4
  • MF: C26H29Cl2N5O3
  • MW: 530.45
  • Catalog: Wee1
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Conglobatin

Conglobatin (FW-04-806), a macrolide dilactone, is isolated from the culture of Streptomyces conglobatus. Conglobatin is an orally active Hsp90 inhibitor. Conglobatin can bind to the N-terminal domain of Hsp90 and disrupt Hsp90-Cdc37 complex formation. Conglobatin induces apoptosis in human breast cancer cells and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells, and exhibits antitumor activity in vivo[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 72263-05-9
  • MF: C28H38N2O6
  • MW: 498.61100
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: 1.06 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 673.4ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 361.1ºC

CB 1954

Tretazicar (CB 1954), an antitumor prodrug, is highly selective against the Walker 256 rat tumour line. Tretazicar is enzymatically activated to generate a bifunctional agent, which can form DNA-DNA interstrand cross-links. Tretazicar in rat cells involves the reduction of its 4-nitro group to a 4-hydroxylamine by the enzyme NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1)[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 21919-05-1
  • MF: C9H8N4O5
  • MW: 252.184
  • Catalog: DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker
  • Density: 1.7±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 427.2±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 173 °C
  • Flash Point: 212.2±28.7 °C

2’-C-β-Methyl-4-deoxyuridine

2’-C-β-Methyl-4-deoxyuridine is a purine nucleoside analogue. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 1106032-88-5
  • MF: C10H14N2O5
  • MW: 242.23
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: 1.6±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 479.5±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 243.8±31.5 °C

DHODH-IN-12

DHODH-IN-12 (Compound 12b) is a Leflunomide derivative and a weak dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) inhibitor with a pKa of 5.07[1].

  • CAS Number: 1263303-93-0
  • MF: C10H9N3O2
  • MW: 203.20
  • Catalog: DNA/RNA Synthesis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

5-phenylcytidine

5-Phenylcytidine is a cytidine nucleoside analog. Cytidine analogs have a mechanism of inhibiting DNA methyltransferases (such as Zebularine, HY-13420), and have potential anti-metabolic and anti-tumor activities[1].

  • CAS Number: 83866-19-7
  • MF: C15H17N3O5
  • MW: 319.31
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

6-Azathymine

6-Azathymine, a 6-nitrogen analog of thymine, is a potent D-3-aminoisobutyrate-pyruvate aminotransferase inhibitor. 6-Azathymine inhibits the biosynthesis of DNA, and has antibacterial and antiviral activities[1][2][3][4].

  • CAS Number: 932-53-6
  • MF: C4H5N3O2
  • MW: 127.101
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.7±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: 210-212°C
  • Flash Point: N/A

6-Amino-3,7-dihydro-2H-purin-2-one

Isoguanine is a purine base that is an isomer of guanine. A building block in organic synthesis.

  • CAS Number: 3373-53-3
  • MF: C5H5N5O
  • MW: 151.126
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: 1.8±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 824.1±68.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 300 °C
  • Flash Point: 452.2±35.1 °C

6BrCaQ

6BrCaQ is a potent mitochondrial heat shock protein TRAP1 inhibitor, with antiproliferative activity. 6BrCaQ can be used in the synthesis of 6BrCaQ-TPP conjugates[1].

  • CAS Number: 954416-67-2
  • MF: C18H15BrN2O3
  • MW: 387.23
  • Catalog: HSP
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A