Cell Cycle includes many processes necessary for successful self-replication, and consists of DNA synthesis (S) and mitosis (M) phases separated by gap phases in the order G1–S–G2–M. S phase and M phase are usually separated by gap phases called G1 and G2, when cell-cycle progression can be regulated by various intracellular and extracellular signals. In order to move from one phase of its life cycle to the next, a cell must pass through numerous checkpoints. At each checkpoint, specialized proteins determine whether the necessary conditions exist. Progression through G1 phase is controlled by pRB proteins, and phosphorylation of pRB proteins by CDKs releases E2F factors, promoting the transition to S phase. The G2/M transition that commits cells to division is a default consequence of initiating the cell cycle at the G1/S transition, many proteins, such Wee1, PLK1 and cdc25, is involved the regulation of this process. The best-understood checkpoints are those activated by DNA damage and problems with DNA replication.

DNA damage response (DDR) is a series of regulatory events including DNA damage, cell-cycle arrest, regulation of DNA replication, and repair or bypass of DNA damage to ensure the maintenance of genomic stability and cell viability. Genome instability arises if cells initiate mitosis when chromosomes are only partially replicated or are damaged by a double-strand DNA break (DSB). To prevent cells with damaged DNA from entering mitosis, ATR inhibits cyclin B/Cdk1 activation by stimulating the Cdk1 inhibitory kinase Wee1 and inhibiting Cdc25C via Chk1, besides, ATM and ATR also initiate DNA repair by phosphorylating several other substrates.

In cancer cells, the cell cycle regulators as well as other elements of the DDR pathway have been found to protect tumor cells from different stresses and to promote tumor progression. Thus, cell cycle proteins that directly regulate cell cycle progression (such as CDKs), as well as checkpoint kinases, Aurora kinases and PLKs, are promising targets in cancer therapy.

References:
[1] Rhind N, et al. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2012 Oct; 4(10): a005942.
[2] Duronio RJ, et al. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2013 Mar; 5(3): a008904.
[3] Liu W, et al. Mol Cancer. 2017 Mar 14;16(1):60.
[4] Ghelli Luserna di Rora' A, et al. J Hematol Oncol. 2017 Mar 29;10(1):77.


Anti-infection >
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Antibody-drug Conjugate >
ADC Cytotoxin ADC Linker Drug-Linker Conjugates for ADC PROTAC-linker Conjugate for PAC
Apoptosis >
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Autophagy >
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15-PGDH 5 alpha Reductase 5-Lipoxygenase Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Acyltransferase Adenosine Deaminase Adenosine Kinase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Aldose Reductase Aminopeptidase Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) ATGL ATP Citrate Lyase Carbonic Anhydrase Carboxypeptidase Cathepsin CETP COMT Cytochrome P450 Dipeptidyl Peptidase Dopamine β-hydroxylase E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Elastase Enolase FAAH FABP Factor Xa Farnesyl Transferase Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) FXR Glucokinase GSNOR Gutathione S-transferase HCV Protease Hexokinase HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase HIV Integrase HIV Protease HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) HSP Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) Lactate Dehydrogenase LXR MAGL Mineralocorticoid Receptor Mitochondrial Metabolism MMP Nampt NEDD8-activating Enzyme Neprilysin PAI-1 PDHK PGC-1α Phosphatase Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Phospholipase Procollagen C Proteinase Proteasome Pyruvate Kinase RAR/RXR Renin ROR Ser/Thr Protease SGK Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) Thrombin Tryptophan Hydroxylase Tyrosinase Xanthine Oxidase
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Fotemustine

Fotemustine is a DNA-alkylating agent, with antitumor activity.

  • CAS Number: 92118-27-9
  • MF: C9H19ClN3O5P
  • MW: 315.691
  • Catalog: DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 188 °C(lit.)
  • Melting Point: 85ºC
  • Flash Point: 104 °F

BRACO 19 trihydrochloride

BRACO-19 is a potent small molecule Telomerase inhibitor (IC50=115 nM) that inhibits expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT); induces cellular senescence and inhibits growth of uterine cancer cells in vitro, inhibits growth of uterine tumor xenografts in vivo.

  • CAS Number: 1177798-88-7
  • MF: C35H46Cl3N7O2
  • MW: 703.144
  • Catalog: CMV
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Tetroxoprim

Tetroxoprim is an antimicrobial DHFR inhibitor[1].

  • CAS Number: 53808-87-0
  • MF: C16H22N4O4
  • MW: 334.37
  • Catalog: Antifolate
  • Density: 1.232g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 564.1ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 294.9ºC

2'-Fluoro-2'-deoxy-arabinofuranosyl-cytidine

2’-Deoxy-2’-fluoro-b-D-arabinocytidine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 56632-83-8
  • MF: C9H12FN3O4
  • MW: 245.21
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: 1.8±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 500.1±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 256.2±32.9 °C

Purine-9-beta-D-(3',5'-di-O-benzoyl-2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro)arabinoriboside

Purine-9-b-D-(3’,5’-di-O-benzoyl-2’-deoxy-2’-fluoro)arabinoriboside is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 132723-01-4
  • MF: C24H19FN4O5
  • MW: 462.43
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 643.9±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 343.2±34.3 °C

Crebinostat

Crebinostat is a potent histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with IC50 values of 0.7 nM, 1.0 nM, 2.0 nM and 9.3 nM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC6, respectively. Crebinostat potently induces acetylation of both histone H3 and histone H4 as well as enhances the expression of the cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) target gene Egr1. Crebinostat increases the density of synapsin-1 punctae along dendrites in cultured neurons. Crebinostat can modulate chromatin-mediated neuroplasticity and exhibits enhanced memory in mice[1].

  • CAS Number: 1092061-61-4
  • MF: C20H23N3O3
  • MW: 353.415
  • Catalog: HDAC
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

7-Deaza-ddA

7-Deaza-2',3'-dideoxyadenosine can be used in the synthesis of oligodeoxyribonucleotides[1].

  • CAS Number: 40627-30-3
  • MF: C11H14N4O2
  • MW: 234.255
  • Catalog: DNA/RNA Synthesis
  • Density: 1.6±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 517.3±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 266.7±30.1 °C

Palmitic acid-d4-1

Palmitic acid-d4-1 is the deuterium labeled Palmitic acid. Palmitic acid is a long-chain saturated fatty acid commonly found in both animals and plants. PA can induce the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) in in mouse granulosa cells[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 75736-47-9
  • MF: C16H28D4O2
  • MW: 260.45
  • Catalog: HSP
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Parbendazole-d3

Parbendazole-d3 is the deuterium labeled Parbendazole. Parbendazole is a potent inhibitor of microtubule assembly, destabilizes tubulin, with an EC50 of 530 nM, and exhibits a broad-spectrum anthelmintic activity.

  • CAS Number: 1613439-58-9
  • MF: C13H14D3N3O2
  • MW: 250.31
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Fenofibric acid-d6

Fenofibric acid-d6 (FNF acid-d6) is the deuterium labeled Fenofibric acid. Fenofibric acid, an active metabolite of fenofibrate, is a PPAR activitor, with EC50s of 22.4 µM, 1.47 µM, and 1.06 µM for PPARα, PPARγ and PPARδ, respectively; Fenofibric acid also inhibits COX-2 enzyme activity, with an IC50 of 48 nM.

  • CAS Number: 1092484-69-9
  • MF: C17H9ClD6O4
  • MW: 324.78900
  • Catalog: PPAR
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

8-Azido-2′-deoxyadenosine

8-Azido-2′-deoxyadenosine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 131265-35-5
  • MF: C10H12N8O3
  • MW: 292.25
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Tubulin polymerization-IN-14

Tubulin polymerization-IN-14 (Compound 20a) is a tubulin polymerization inhibitor with an IC50 of 3.15 μM. Tubulin polymerization-IN-14 shows potent anti-vascular and anticancer activities, induces cancer cell apoptosis[1].

  • CAS Number: 2417134-05-3
  • MF: C15H15ClN2O2
  • MW: 290.74
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Tubacin

Tubacin is a potent and selective inhibitor of HDAC6, with an IC50 value of 4 nM and approximately 350-fold selectivity over HDAC1.

  • CAS Number: 537049-40-4
  • MF: C41H43N3O7S
  • MW: 721.861
  • Catalog: HDAC
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

eIF4E/eIF4G Interaction Inhibitor, 4EGI-1

4EGI-1 is an inhibitor of eIF4E/eIF4G interaction, with a Kd of 25 μM against eIF4E binding.

  • CAS Number: 315706-13-9
  • MF: C18H12Cl2N4O4S
  • MW: 451.28
  • Catalog: Eukaryotic Initiation Factor (eIF)
  • Density: 1.6±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 712.2±70.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 384.5±35.7 °C

Clanfenur

Clanfenur is a substituted benzoylphenylurea, an analogue of the pesticide fenfluramide, with potential antineoplastic activity. Clanfenur can bind to the colchicine-binding site on β-tubulin, inhibit microtubule polymerization, and thus prevent tumor cell replication[1].

  • CAS Number: 51213-99-1
  • MF: C16H15ClFN3O2
  • MW: 335.76
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: 1.371g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

TH5427 hydrochloride

TH5427 hydrochloride is a potent, selective NUDT5 inhibitor (IC50=29 nM). TH5427 hydrochloride shows an apparent 690-fold selectivity for NUDT5 over MTH1. TH5427 hydrochloride blocks progestin-dependent, PAR-derived nuclear ATP synthesis and subsequent chromatin remodeling, gene regulation and proliferation in breast cancer cells[1].

  • CAS Number: 2253744-57-7
  • MF: C20H21Cl3N8O3
  • MW: 527.79
  • Catalog: DNA/RNA Synthesis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

2’-O-Acetyl-3,5-bis-O-(2,4-dichlorobenzyl)adenosine

2’-O-Acetyl-3,5-bis-O-(2,4-dichlorobenzyl)adenosine is an adenosine analog. Adenosine analogs mostly act as smooth muscle vasodilators and have also been shown to inhibit cancer progression. Its popular products are adenosine phosphate, Acadesine (HY-13417), Clofarabine (HY-A0005), Fludarabine phosphate (HY-B0028) and Vidarabine (HY-B0277)[1].

  • CAS Number: 2095417-66-4
  • MF: C26H23Cl4N5O5
  • MW: 627.3
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

KPT-9274

KPT-9274 is an orally bioavailable, dual PAK4/Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) inhibitor, with IC50s less than 100 and 120 nM, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 1643913-93-2
  • MF: C35H29F3N4O3
  • MW: 610.625
  • Catalog: PAK
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 857.5±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 472.4±34.3 °C

Tubulin polymerization-IN-38

Tubulin polymerization-IN-38 a Tubulysin (HY-128914) analogue, is a potent anticancer agent. Tubulin polymerization-IN-38 inhibits tubulin polymerisation and thereby inducing apoptosis. Tubulin polymerization-IN-38 has cytotoxicity against cancer cells[1].

  • CAS Number: 1005192-31-3
  • MF: C31H50N4O8S
  • MW: 638.82
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

PARP-1/2-IN-1

PARP-1/2-IN-1 is a potent PARP-1/2 inhibitor with IC50 of 0.51 nM and 23.11 nM, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 1903744-45-5
  • MF: C24H27FN4O3
  • MW: 438.49
  • Catalog: PARP
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

5′-DMTr-dC (Ac)-Methylphosphonamidite

5’-DMTr-dC (Ac)-Methylphosphonamidite is a phosphorite monomer that can be used in the synthesis of oligonucleotides.

  • CAS Number: 178094-78-5
  • MF: C39H49N4O7P
  • MW: 716.80
  • Catalog: DNA/RNA Synthesis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

KIRA-7

KIRA-7 is a small molecule inhibitor of IRE1α kinase/Rnase with IC50 of 0.11/0.22 uM, allosterically inhibits IRE1α RNase activity; reverses bleomycin-induced fibrosis when given 2 weeks after bleomycin exposure in vivo.

  • CAS Number: 1937235-76-1
  • MF: C27H23FN6O
  • MW: 466.52
  • Catalog: IRE1
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

N3-Methyl-2’-O-methyluridine

N3-Methyl-2’-O-methyluridine is a uridine analogue. Uridine has potential antiepileptic effects, and its analogs can be used to study anticonvulsant and anxiolytic activities, as well as to develop new antihypertensive agents[1].

  • CAS Number: 7103-27-7
  • MF: C11H16N2O6
  • MW: 272.25
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

ML372

ML372 is a small molecule SMN modulator that increases SMN protein in patient fibroblasts with EC50 of 37 nM; possesses good potency, pharmacokinetics, tolerance, and CNS penetration that are able to increase levels of SMN protein in several model cell lines; increase SMN protein levels in vivo, restore motor function, and prolong survival of SMNΔ7 SMA Mice; improves the righting reflex and extended survival of a severe mouse model of SMA.

  • CAS Number: 1331745-61-9
  • MF: C18H20N2O4S
  • MW: 360.428
  • Catalog: DNA/RNA Synthesis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

7-(2,3-Anhydro-β-D-ribofuranosyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine

7-(2,3-Anhydro-β-D-ribofuranosyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine is a purine nucleoside analogue. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 40627-31-4
  • MF: C11H12N4O3
  • MW: 248.24
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

HBV-IN-15

HBV-IN-15 is a potent inhibitor of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA). cccDNA serves as the template for viral RNA transcription and subsequent viral DNA generation. HBV-IN-15 is a flavone derivative. HBV-IN-16 has the potential for the research of HBV infection (extracted from patent WO2020052774A1, compound 2)[1].

  • CAS Number: 2413192-50-2
  • MF: C24H23ClO6
  • MW: 442.89
  • Catalog: HBV
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

2-Propen-1-one,1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl

4'-Methoxychalcone regulates adipocyte differentiation through PPARγ activation. 4'-Methoxychalcone modulates the expression and secretion of various adipokines in adipose tissue that are involved in insulin sensitivity[1].

  • CAS Number: 959-23-9
  • MF: C16H14O2
  • MW: 238.28100
  • Catalog: PARP
  • Density: 1.114g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 397.5ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: 101-103 °C(lit.)
  • Flash Point: 180.5ºC

Toyocamycin

Toyocamycin (Vengicide) is an adenosine analog produced by Actinomycete, acts as an XBP1 inhibitor, inhibits IRE1α-induced ATP-dependent XBP1 mRNA cleavage, with an IC50 of 80 nM. Toyocamycin (Vengicide) induces apoptosis. Toyocamycin (Vengicide) shows no effect on IRE1α auto-phosphorylation[1].

  • CAS Number: 606-58-6
  • MF: C12H13N5O4
  • MW: 291.26300
  • Catalog: IRE1
  • Density: 1.91g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 721.1ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 389.9ºC

2-Amino-3’-deoxy-3’-fluoroadenosine

2-Amino-3’-deoxy-3’-fluoroadenosine is a purine nucleoside analogue. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 125391-75-5
  • MF: C10H13FN6O3
  • MW: 284.25
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: 2.17g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 748.9ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 406.7ºC

2'-O-Methyl-5-Iodo-Uridine

2’-O-Methyl-5-iodouridine (5-Iodo-2'-O-methyluridine) is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 34218-84-3
  • MF: C10H13IN2O6
  • MW: 384.12
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: 2.04±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A