Mizagliflozin (DSP-3235, KGA-3235, GSK-1614235) is a potent, selective, orally active SGLT1 inhibitor with Ki of 27 nM, displays >350-fold selectivity over SGLT2; increases stool frequency and loosens stool consistency in phase I study; increases fecal wet weight in a dog model of loperamide-induced constipation and a rat model of low-fiber-diet-induced constipation, similar to lubiprostone. Diabetes Phase 1 Clinical
CGP 78608 hydrochloride is a highly potent and selective antagonist at the glycine-binding site of the NMDA receptor, with an IC50 of 6 nM. CGP 78608 acts as a potentiator of GluN1/GluN3A-mediated glycine currents, with an estimated EC50 in the low nM range (26.3 nM). Anticonvulsant activity[1][2].
Ko 143 is a potent and selective ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 (ABCG2) inhibitor.
OMDM-6 is a hybrid agonist of vanilloid receptor type 1 (VR1, TRPV1) (EC50=75 nM) and cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) (Ki=3.2 μM). OMDM-6 inhibits anandamide cellular uptake (ACU) with a Ki of 7.0 μM[1].
Fumitremorgin C is a potent and selective ABCG2/BRCP inhibitor.
TMDJ-035 is a selective RyR2 inhibitor. TMDJ-035 suppresses abnormal Ca2+ waves and transients in isolated cardiomyocytes from RyR2-mutated mice. TMDJ-035is a tool for studying the mechanism and dynamics of RyR2 channel gating[1].
Vernakalant-d6 (hydrochloride) is deuterium labeled Vernakalant.
NF449 octasodium is a highly potent P2X1 receptor antagonist, with IC50s of 0.28, 0.69, and 120 nM for rP2X1, rP2X1+5, P2X2+3, respectively. NF449 octasodium is a Gsα-selective G Protein antagonist. NF449 octasodium suppresses the rate of GTP[γS] binding to Gsα-s, inhibits the stimulation of adenylyl cyclase activity, and blocks the coupling of β-adrenergic receptors to Gs[1][2].
NF864, a suramin analog, is a P2X1 receptor inhibitor.
Bifenazate is a carbazate acaricide that control 100% of mites at a concentration of 25 ppm[1]. Bifenazate is a positive allosteric modulator of GABA receptor[2].
ANO1-IN-3 (Compound 3n) is a potent and selective ANO1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.23 μM. ANO1-IN-3 induces apoptosis[1].
Adjudin is an extensively studied male contraceptive with a superior mitochondria-inhibitory effect. Adjudin is also a potent Cl- channel blocker.
nAChR modulator-1, a insecticide, is a insect nAChR orthosteric modulator[1].
Hyperforin is a transient receptor canonical 6 (TRPC6) channels activator. Hyperforin modulates Ca2+ levels by activating Ca2+-conducting non-selective canonical TRPC6 channels. Hyperforin also shows diverse pharmacological activities including anti-depression, anti-tumor, anti-dementia, anti-diabetes. Hyperforin modulates γδ T cells to secret IL-17α, improves Imiquimod (HY-B0180)-induced psoriasis-like mice model[1][2][3][4][5].
6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid is an NMDA receptor modulator extracted from patent WO 2012019106 A2.
nAChR agonist 1 is a potent, brain-permeable, and orally efficacious positive allosteric modulator of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR). nAChR agonist 1 has the EC50 of 0.32 µM in a Ca2+ mobilization assay (PNU-282987-induced, FLIPR based) in human IMR-32 neuroblastoma cells that endogenously express α7 nAChR. nAChR agonist 1 can be develpoped for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease[1].
HC-030031 is a potent and selective TRPA1 inhibitor, which antagonizes AITC- and formalin-evoked calcium influx with IC50s of 6.2±0.2 and 5.3±0.2 μM, respectively.
Lidocaine-d10 (Lignocaine-d10) hydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Lidocaine hydrochloride. Lidocaine hydrochloride (Lignocaine hydrochloride) inhibits sodium channels involving complex voltage and using dependence[1]. Lidocaine hydrochloride decreases growth, migration and invasion of gastric carcinoma cells via up-regulating miR-145 expression and further inactivation of MEK/ERK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Lidocaine hydrochloride is an amide derivative commonly used to anesthetize. hydrochloride is a a drug to treat ventricular arrhythmia and an effective tumor-inhibitor[2].
Gavestinel (GV 150526) is a potent, selective, orally active and non-competitive antagonist of NMDA receptor. Gavestinel binds to the glycine site of the NMDA receptor, with a pKi of 8.5. Gavestinel can be used for the research of acute ischemic stroke[1].
DDO-02001 is a moderately potent Kv1.5 potassium channel inhibitor with an IC50 value of 17.7 μM. DDO-02001 can be used for researching anti-arrhythmia[1].
AWD 131-138(Imepitoin) is a new low-affinity partial benzodiazepine receptor agonist with potent anticonvulsant and anxiolytic properties in rodent models.IC50 Value: Target: GABA receptorin vitro: AWD 131-138 dose-dependently stimulated GABA currents(Recombinant gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABA(A)) receptors of the subunit compositions alpha1beta2gamma2, alpha1beta3gamma2, alpha2beta2gamma2, alpha3beta2gamma2 and alpha5beta2gamma2). At 10 microM AWD 131-138, this allosteric stimulation amounted in average to about 12-21% of the maximal stimulation achieved using diazepam. The threshold of stimulation was about 0.3-1.0 microM [1]. in vivo: AWD 131-138 did not produce midazolam-like responding or alter response rates at cumulative doses up to 18.0 mg/kg i.m. (plasma levels over 2100 ng/ml). When AWD 131-138 (10-100 microg/kg/injection) was studied by substitution, responding declined to vehicle substitution levels within three sessions. At the dose of 100 microg/kg i.v. AWD 131-138, sufficient drug was self-administered during the first session (about 3.5 mg/kg) to produce plasma levels above 1000 ng/ml, yet responding over the next two sessions dropped to vehicle levels [2]. Prolonged oral administration with twice-daily dosing of ELB 138 with either 5 or 40 mg/kg over a 5-week period was not associated with loss of anticonvulsant efficacy in the PTZ dog model [3].
UBP301 is a potent and selective antagonist of kainate receptor with IC50 and KD of 164 μM and 5.94 μM, respectively. UBP301 has ∼30-fold selectivity of kainate receptor over AMPA receptor. UBP301 is the derivative of willardiine[1].
Etifoxine-d5 is the deuterium labeled Etifoxine. Etifoxine, a non-benzodiazepine GABAergic compound, is a positive allosteric modulator of α1β2γ2 and α1β3γ2 subunit-containing GABAA receptors. Etifoxine reveals anxiolytic and anticonvulsant properties in rodents[1][2][3].
TC-2559 idifumarate is a CNS-selective, orally active α4β2 subtype of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) partial agonist (EC50=0.18 μM). TC-2559 difumarate shows selectivity for α4β2 over α2β4, α4β4 and α3β4 receptors, with EC50s in the range of 10-30 µM. Antinociceptive effect[1][2].
Lu AF27139 is a novel rodent-active and CNS-penetrant P2X7 receptor antagonist. Lu AF27139 is highly selective and potent against rat, mouse, and human forms of the receptors. The rat pharmacokinetic profile is favorable with high oral bioavailability, modest clearance (0.79 L/(h kg)), and good CNS permeability. Importantly, Lu AF27139 was without effect in standard in vitro and in vivo toxicity studies. Lu AF27139 is a valuable tool for probing the role of the P2X7 receptor in rodent models of CNS diseases.
GTS-21 dihydrochloride is a selective α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist, has recently been established as a promising treatment for inflammation. Target: nAChRin vitro: GTS-21 is one of the most potent α7nAChR agonists, has been reported to attenuate pro-inflammatory cytokine production, improve outcomes in sepsis models, pancreatitis, and ischemia-reperfusion injury, and inhibit the production of endotoxin-induced TNF in lung tissue. In addition, recent studies have demonstrated that GTS-21 inhibits the activities of endothelial cells and monocyte macrophages, as well as the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood samples, by regulating the JAK2-STAT3 pathway. [1] in vivo: In septic animals, GTS-21 significantly ameliorated GI motility, lowered systemic and colonic levels of IL-6, decreased colonic permeability, and decreased the number of positive cultures obtained from blood and mesenteric lymph nodes. Splenectomy prevented animals from developing sepsis-induced ileus. Chrna7 mice displayed a more severe septic phenotype, whereas GTS-21 remarkably was also beneficial in these animals. [2]
The compound inhibits TRPC proteins, and more specifically inhibits the TRPC6 protein.
CNV1014802(GSK-1014802) is a novel small molecule state-dependent sodium channel blocker; Nav1.7 sodium channel inhibitor.IC50 value: Target: sodium channel blockerLike lamotrigine, both GSK2 and GSK3 were able to prevent the deficit in reversal learning produced by PCP, thus confirming their potential in the treatment of cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia. However, higher doses than those required for anticonvulsant efficacy of the drugs were needed for activity in the reversal-learning model, suggesting a lower therapeutic window relative to mechanism-dependent central side effects for this indication. CNV1014802 received orphan-drug designation from the US Food and Drug Administration in July 2013.
Dynorphin A (1-10) an endogenous opioid neuropeptide, binds to extracellular loop 2 of the κ-opioid receptor. Dynorphin A (1-10) also blocks NMDA-activated current with an IC50 of 42.0 μM.