KZR-504 is a highly selective and orally active inhibitor of immunoproteasome low molecular mass polypeptide 2 (LMP2), with IC50s of 51 nM, 4.274 μM for LMP2 and LMP7, respectively.
Quercetin 3-gentiobioside is isolated from A. iwayomogi, AR and AGE formation inhibitor, demonstrates biological activities against Aldose reductase (AR) and the formation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs)[1].
Z-Arg-Arg-4MβNA triacetate is a cathepsin B-specific substrate and can produce fluorescent end product 4MβNA (λex = 355 nm, λem = 430 nm)[1][2].
Mephenytoin, an anticonvulsant, is the CYP2C19 and CYP2B6 substrate[1].
Daprodustat (GSK1278863) is an orally active hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor being developed for the treatment of anemia associated with chronic kidney disease.
Cabotegravir sodium is a highly potent HIV integrase inhibitor with an IC50 value of 2.5 nM for HIVADA. Cabotegravir sodium is primarily metabolized by uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A1, with low potential to interact with other antiretroviral drugs (ARVs)[1].
IDO1-IN-11 is an IDO1 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.6 nM.
Urokinase peptidolytic (Urokinase-type plasminogen activator) is a serine protease, an inactive form (zymogen) of the serine protease plasminogen. Activation of plasmin triggers a proteolytic cascade reaction, which in turn participates in thrombolysis or extracellular matrix degradation, implicated in vascular disease and cancer-related research[1].
VP3.15 is a potent, orally bioavailable and CNS-penetrant dual phosphodiesterase (PDE)7- glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)3 inhibitor, with IC50s of 1.59 μM and 0.88 μM for PDE7 and GSK-3, respectively. VP3.15 has neuroprotective and neuroreparative activities, thus as potential combined anti-inflammatory and pro-remyelinating therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS)[1].
Vaniprevir (MK-7009) is a non-covalent competitive inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3/4A protease.IC50 Value: Target: HCV NS3/4A Protease; HCVvaniprevir (MK-7009) is a macrocyclic hepatitis C virus NS3/4a protease inhibitor, is active against both the genotype 1 and genotype 2 NS3/4a protease enzymes. vaniprevir (MK-7009) has good plasma exposure and excellent liver exposure in multiple species.
FCE 28654 is a water soluble inhibitor of acylCoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT), weakly inhibiting ACAT in microsomes from rabbit aorta and intestine, and monkey liver, with IC50s of 2.55, 1.08 and 5.69 μM, respcetively.
PS10 (PDK inhibitor PS10) is a novel potent and highly selective pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) inhibitor; improved glucose tolerance, stimulates myocardial carbohydrate oxidation in diet-induced obesity; PS10 is a more suitable PDK inhibitor for treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Pirmitegravir is a potent and first-in-class inhibitor of allosteric integrase (ALLINI) that targets LEDGF/p75 binding site. Pirmitegravir displays picomolar IC50 in human PBMCs with a >24,000 therapeutic index against HIV-1. Pirmitegravir harbors outstanding anti-virus and safety properties[1].
Risarestat (CT-112), an aldose reductase inhibitor, is developed for the treatment of diabetic complications.
Lovastatin-d3 is deuterium labeled Lovastatin. Lovastatin is a cell-permeable HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor used to lower cholesterol.
Metolazone(Zaroxolyn) is primarily used to treat congestive heart failure and high blood pressure.Target: OthersMetolazone is a thiazide-like diuretic marketed under the brand names Zytanix from Zydus Cadila, Zaroxolyn, and Mykrox. It is primarily used to treat congestive heart failure and high blood pressure. Metolazone indirectly decreases the amount of water reabsorbed into the bloodstream by the kidney, so that blood volume decreases and urine volume increases. This lowers blood pressure and prevents excess fluid accumulation in heart failure. Metolazone is sometimes used together with loop diuretics such as furosemide or bumetanide, but these highly effective combinations can lead to dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities.Metolazone and the other thiazide diuretics inhibit the function of the sodium-chloride symporter, preventing sodium and chloride, and therefore water too, from leaving the lumen to enter the tubule cell. As a result, water remains in the lumen and is excreted as urine, instead of being reabsorbed into the bloodstream. Since most of the sodium in the lumen has already been reabsorbed by the time the filtrate reaches the distal convoluted tubule, thiazide diuretics have limited effects on water balance and on electrolyte levels. Nevertheless, they can be associated with low sodium levels, volume depletion, and low blood pressure, among other adverse effects.
Zonisamide-d4 (AD 810-d4) is the deuterium labeled Zonisamide. Zonisamide (AD 810) is an inhibitor of zinc enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA), with Kis of 35.2 nM and 20.6 nM for human mitochondrial isozyme hCA II and hCA V, respectively. Zonisamide has antiepileptic activity. Zonisamide can be used for the rsearch for epilepsy, seizures and Parkinson's disease[1][2].
Garcinone B, a xanthone derivative, is a nature product that could be isolated from the pericarp of Mangosteen. Garcinone B is a potent ACE2 and Mpro inhibitor. Garcinone B can be used in research of COVID-19[1].
Irsogladine is a PDE4 inhibitor and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor binder.Target: PDE4; mACHRIrsogladine treatment (300 and 500 mg/kg/day) resulted in a dose-dependent reduction of angiogenesis in wild-type mice by 21 and 45.3% (P < 0.02, P < 0.001), in tPA-deficient mice by 42.6 and 46% (P < 0.001, P < 0.001), and in uPA-deficient mice by 27.2 and 46% (P < 0.05, p < 0.001), respectively. Irsogladine inhibits bFGF-induced angiogenesis in wild-type, tPA-knockout, and uPA-knockout mice [1]. Irsogladine up-regulates GJIC between PC cells via regulation of the PKA pathway. It also suggests a useful adjuvant of Irsogladine to pancreatic cancer therapy [2]. irsogladine produces the increase of intracellular cAMP content via non-selective inhibition of PDE isozymes, which may be a key mechanism involved in its gastroprotective actions [3].
β-Amyrin acetate is a triterpenoid with potent anti-inflammatory, antifungal, anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic activities. β-Amyrin acetate can inhibit HMG-CoA reductase activity by locating in the hydrophobic binding cleft of HMG CoA reductase[1][2][3][4].
Mufemilast is a phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor[1].
E-64 is a potent irreversible inhibitor against general cysteine proteases with IC50 of 9 nM for papain.
CYP1B1-IN-4 is a 2,4-diarylthiazole compound with selectively CYP1B1 inhibition (IC50=0.2 nM). CYP1B1-IN-4 has little cytotoxicity and high stability in both human and rat liver microsomes[1].
Lovastatin acid (Mevinolinic acid), an active metabolite of Lovastatin, is a potent competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor with a Ki of 0.6 nM[1].
Meglutol-d3 is the deuterium labeled Meglutol[1]. Meglutol is an antilipemic agent which lowers cholesterol, triglycerides, serum beta-lipoproteins and phospholipids, and inhibits the activity of hydroxymethylglutarryl CoA reductases, which is the rate limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of cholesterol.
A-908292 is a highly potent and selective acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 (ACC2) inhibitor with IC50 of 38 nM (hACC2), no activity against ACC1 (IC50>30 uM).
Milrinone is a PDE3 inhibitor, and also an inotrope and vasodilator.
SBP1 peptide is a chemically synthesized 23-mer peptide fragment of the ACE2 PD α1 helix. SBP1 peptide associates with micromolar affinity to insect-derived SARS-CoV-2-RBD protein [1].
Pitavastatin (NK-104) sodium is a potent hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor. Pitavastatin sodium inhibits cholesterol synthesis from acetic acid with an IC50 of 5.8 nM in HepG2 cells. Pitavastatin sodium is an efficient hepatocyte low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) receptor inducer. Pitavastatin sodium also possesses anti-atherosclerotic, anti-asthmatic, anti-osteoarthritis, antineoplastic, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective and reno-protective effects[1][2][3][8].
Z-Gly-Pro-Phe-Leu-CHO (Z-GPFL-CHO) is a tetrapeptide aldehyde that acts as a highly selective and potent proteasomal inhibitor (Ki = 1.5 µM for branched chain amino acid preferring, 2.3 µM for small neutral amino acid preferring, and 40.5 µM for chymotrypsin-like activities; IC50 = 3.1 µM for peptidyl-glutamyl peptide hydrolyzing activity)[1].