Stem cells are required for continuous tissue maintenance within diverse organs, stem cell activity is often externally dictated by the microenvironment (the niche) so that stem cell output is precisely shaped to meet homeostatic needs or regenerative demands. Several key signaling pathways have been shown to play essential roles in this regulatory capacity. Specifically, the JAK/STAT, Hedgehog, Wnt, Notch, Smad, PI3K/phosphatase and tensin homolog, and NK-κB signaling pathways have all been shown experimentally to mediate various stem cell properties, such as self-renewal, cell fate decisions, survival, proliferation, and differentiation.

Recent studies mainly focus on cancer stem cell, induced pluripotent stem cell, neural stem cell and maintenance of embryonic stem cell pluripotency. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been believed to be responsible for tumor initiation, growth, and recurrence. Numerous agents have been developed to specifically target CSCs by suppressing the expression of pluripotency maintaining factors Nanog, Oct-4, Sox-2, and c-Myc and transcription of GLI. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have the capacity to differentiate into various types of cells, and a self-renewing resource, and scientists can experiment with an unlimited number of pluripotent cells to perfect the process of targeted differentiation, transplantation, and more, for personalized medicine. Novel pathological mechanisms have been elucidated, new drugs originating from iPSC screens are in the pipeline and the first clinical trial using human iPSC-derived products has been initiated.

References:
[1] Clevers H, et al. Science. 2014 Oct 3;346(6205):1248012.
[2] Matsui WH. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Sep;95(1 Suppl 1):S8-S19.
[3] Koury J, et al. Stem Cells Int. 2017;2017:2925869.
[4] Garg A, et al. Cells. 2017 Feb 2;6(1). doi: 10.3390/cells6010004.


Anti-infection >
Arenavirus Bacterial CMV Enterovirus Filovirus Fungal HBV HCV HIV HSV Influenza Virus Parasite Reverse Transcriptase RSV SARS-CoV
Antibody-drug Conjugate >
ADC Cytotoxin ADC Linker Drug-Linker Conjugates for ADC PROTAC-linker Conjugate for PAC
Apoptosis >
Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family c-Myc Caspase DAPK Ferroptosis IAP MDM-2/p53 PKD RIP kinase Survivin Thymidylate Synthase TNF Receptor
Autophagy >
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Cell Cycle/DNA Damage >
Antifolate APC ATM/ATR Aurora Kinase Casein Kinase CDK Checkpoint Kinase (Chk) CRISPR/Cas9 Deubiquitinase DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker DNA-PK DNA/RNA Synthesis Eukaryotic Initiation Factor (eIF) G-quadruplex Haspin Kinase HDAC HSP IRE1 Kinesin LIM Kinase (LIMK) Microtubule/Tubulin Mps1 Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog p97 PAK PARP PERK Polo-like Kinase (PLK) PPAR RAD51 ROCK Sirtuin SRPK Telomerase TOPK Topoisomerase Wee1
Cytoskeleton >
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Epigenetics >
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GPCR/G Protein >
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JAK/STAT Signaling >
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Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel >
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Metabolic Enzyme/Protease >
15-PGDH 5 alpha Reductase 5-Lipoxygenase Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Acyltransferase Adenosine Deaminase Adenosine Kinase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Aldose Reductase Aminopeptidase Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) ATGL ATP Citrate Lyase Carbonic Anhydrase Carboxypeptidase Cathepsin CETP COMT Cytochrome P450 Dipeptidyl Peptidase Dopamine β-hydroxylase E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Elastase Enolase FAAH FABP Factor Xa Farnesyl Transferase Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) FXR Glucokinase GSNOR Gutathione S-transferase HCV Protease Hexokinase HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase HIV Integrase HIV Protease HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) HSP Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) Lactate Dehydrogenase LXR MAGL Mineralocorticoid Receptor Mitochondrial Metabolism MMP Nampt NEDD8-activating Enzyme Neprilysin PAI-1 PDHK PGC-1α Phosphatase Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Phospholipase Procollagen C Proteinase Proteasome Pyruvate Kinase RAR/RXR Renin ROR Ser/Thr Protease SGK Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) Thrombin Tryptophan Hydroxylase Tyrosinase Xanthine Oxidase
Neuronal Signaling >
5-HT Receptor AChE Adenosine Kinase Amyloid-β Beta-secretase CaMK CGRP Receptor COMT Dopamine Receptor Dopamine Transporter FAAH GABA Receptor GlyT iGluR Imidazoline Receptor mAChR Melatonin Receptor Monoamine Oxidase nAChR Neurokinin Receptor Opioid Receptor Serotonin Transporter γ-secretase
NF-κB >
NF-κB IKK Keap1-Nrf2 MALT1
PI3K/Akt/mTOR >
Akt AMPK ATM/ATR DNA-PK GSK-3 MELK mTOR PDK-1 PI3K PI4K PIKfyve PTEN
PROTAC >
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Protein Tyrosine Kinase/RTK >
Ack1 ALK Bcr-Abl BMX Kinase Btk c-Fms c-Kit c-Met/HGFR Discoidin Domain Receptor DYRK EGFR Ephrin Receptor FAK FGFR FLT3 IGF-1R Insulin Receptor IRAK Itk PDGFR PKA Pyk2 ROS Src Syk TAM Receptor Trk Receptor VEGFR
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Casein Kinase ERK Gli GSK-3 Hedgehog Hippo (MST) JAK Notch Oct3/4 PKA Porcupine ROCK sFRP-1 Smo STAT TGF-beta/Smad Wnt YAP β-catenin γ-secretase
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TGF-beta/Smad PKC ROCK TGF-β Receptor
Vitamin D Related >
VD/VDR
Others >
Androgen Receptor Aromatase Estrogen Receptor/ERR Progesterone Receptor Thyroid Hormone Receptor Others

PF-4950834

PF-4950834 is a potent, selective, orally bioavailable, ATP-competitive rho kinase inhibitor with IC50 values of 8.35 nM and 33.12 nM against ROCK2 and ROCK1, respectively. PF-4950834 inhibits neutrophil migration[1].

  • CAS Number: 1256264-62-6
  • MF: C21H19N3O2
  • MW: 345.39
  • Catalog: ROCK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

LY-411575

LY-411575 is a potent γ-secretase inhibitor with IC50 of 0.078 nM/0.082 nM (membrane/cell-based), and also inhibits Notch S3 cleavage with IC50 of 0.39 nM.

  • CAS Number: 209984-57-6
  • MF: C26H23F2N3O4
  • MW: 479.475
  • Catalog: γ-secretase
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 836.0±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 328.47°C
  • Flash Point: 459.4±34.3 °C

TX-1123

TX-1123 is a potent protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitor for Src, eEF2-K, and PKA, and EGFR-K/PKC. TX-1123 is a cyclo-oxygenase (COX) inhibitor with IC50 values of 1.16 μM and 15.7 μM for COX2 and COX1, respectively. TX-1123 has low mitochondrial toxicity. TX-1123 can be used in research of cancer[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 157397-06-3
  • MF: C20H24O3
  • MW: 312.40300
  • Catalog: PKC
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Cenisertib

Cenisertib (AS-703569) is a multi-kinase inhibitor that blocks the activity of Aurora-kinase-A/B, ABL1, AKT, STAT5 and FLT3. Cenisertib induces major growth-inhibitory effects by blocking the activity of several different molecular targets in neoplastic mast cells (MC)[1]. Cenisertib inhibits tumor growth in xenograft models of pancreatic, breast, colon, ovarian, and lung tumors and leukemia[2].

  • CAS Number: 871357-89-0
  • MF: C24H30FN7O
  • MW: 451.540
  • Catalog: Aurora Kinase
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 708.3±70.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 382.2±35.7 °C

vanicoside B

Vanicoside B is a phenylpropanoyl sucrose derivative, can be isolated from the herb Persicaria dissitiflora. Vanicoside B targets cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8) and exhibits anti-tumor activity. The potential mechanism is Vanicoside B blocks CDK8-mediated signaling pathways and decreases the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition proteins, so that it leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 155179-21-8
  • MF: C49H48O20
  • MW: 956.893
  • Catalog: CDK
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 1165.0±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 157-159 °C
  • Flash Point: 339.6±27.8 °C

IHMT-MST1-58

IHMT-MST1-58 is a potent, selective mammalian and orally active STE20-like protein 1 kinase (MST1) inhibitor with IC50 value of 23 nM. IHMT-MST1-58 can be used for the research of Type 1/2 diabetes[1].

  • CAS Number: 2414484-25-4
  • MF: C21H22N6O3S
  • MW: 438.50
  • Catalog: Hippo (MST)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

LIMK-IN-22j

LIMK-IN-1 (Compound 14) is an inhibitor of LIM-Kinase (LIMK), with IC50s of 0.5 nM and 0.9 nM for LIMK1 and LIMK2, respectively. LIMK-IN-1 can be used for ocular hypertension and associated glaucoma research[1].

  • CAS Number: 1116571-01-7
  • MF: C20H21BrN8
  • MW: 453.34
  • Catalog: LIM Kinase (LIMK)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

RO495

RO495 is a potent inhibitor of non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase 2 (TYK2 kinase)[1].

  • CAS Number: 1258296-60-4
  • MF: C17H14Cl2N6O
  • MW: 389.24
  • Catalog: JAK
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Enniatin B

Enniatin B is a Fusarium mycotoxin. Enniatin B inhibits acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activity with an IC50 of 113 μM in an enzyme assay using rat liver microsomes[1]. Enniatins B decreases the activation of ERK (p44/p42)[2].

  • CAS Number: 917-13-5
  • MF: C33H57N3O9
  • MW: 639.820
  • Catalog: ERK
  • Density: 1.0±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 827.0±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 454.0±34.3 °C

Tauroursodeoxycholate dihydrate

Tauroursodeoxycholate dihydrate (TUDCA dihydrate; UR 906 dihydrate; Taurolite dihydrate) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor. Tauroursodeoxycholate significantly reduces expression of apoptosis molecules, such as caspase-3 and caspase-12. Tauroursodeoxycholate also inhibits ERK[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 117609-50-4
  • MF: C26H49NO8S
  • MW: 535.73
  • Catalog: Caspase
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Eucannabinolide

Eucannabinolide is a STAT3 inhibitor. Eucannabinolide suppresses STAT3 activation at tyrosine 705, inhibiteds its translocation to nucleus, and decreases its DNA binding capacity. Eucannabinolide can be used for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) diseases research[1].

  • CAS Number: 38458-58-1
  • MF: C22H28O8
  • MW: 420.45
  • Catalog: STAT
  • Density: 1.26g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 618.9ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 211.5ºC

gamma-secretase modulator 1

γ-secretase inhibitior-1 is a gamma-secretase modulator, γ-secretase inhibitior-1 is useful for Alzheimer's disease.

  • CAS Number: 1172637-87-4
  • MF: C24H24N4OS
  • MW: 416.53900
  • Catalog: γ-secretase
  • Density: 1.3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Niclosamide-13C6 monohydrate

Niclosamide-13C6 (monohydrate) is the 13C labeled Niclosamide monohydrate[1]. Niclosamide (BAY2353) monohydrate is an orally active antihelminthic agent used in parasitic infection research[2]. Niclosamide monohydrate is a STAT3 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.25 μM in HeLa cells[5]. Niclosamide monohydrate has biological activities against cancer, and inhibits DNA replication in Vero E6 cells[3][4][6].

  • CAS Number: 1325559-12-3
  • MF: C713C6H10Cl2N2O5
  • MW: 351.09
  • Catalog: STAT
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Warangalone

Warangalone is an anti-malarial compound which can inhibit the growth of both strains of parasite 3D7 (chloroquine sensitive) and K1 (chloroquine resistant) with IC50s of 4.8 μg/mL and 3.7 μg/mL, respectively. Warangalone can also inhibit cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (cAK) with an IC50 of 3.5 μM.

  • CAS Number: 4449-55-2
  • MF: C25H24O5
  • MW: 404.455
  • Catalog: Parasite
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 627.0±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 216.7±25.0 °C

OSM-SMI-10B

OSM-SMI-10B a derivative of OSM-SMI-10. OSM-SMI-10B significantly reduces OSM-induced STAT3 phosphorylation in cancer cells upon co-incubation with OSM (Oncostatin M)[1].

  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Asperulosidic acid

Asperulosidic Acid (ASPA), a bioactive iridoid glycoside, is extracted from the herbs of Hedyotis diffusa Willd. Asperulosidic Acid (ASPA) has anti-tumor, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities[1].ASPA is related to the inhibition of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6) and mediators via suppression of the NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways[2].

  • CAS Number: 25368-11-0
  • MF: C18H24O12
  • MW: 432.37600
  • Catalog: ERK
  • Density: 1.64±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

I-287

I-287 is a potent, selective, orally active inhibitor of PAR2, negative PAR2 allosteric modulator, inhibits PAR2-mediated activation of Gq and G12/13 but not Gi/o proteins (IC50=45-390 nM);I-287 is a negative allosteric modulator (NAM) and not an orthosteric competitive antagonist of hPAR2.I-287 inhibits PAR2-mediated activation of DAG/Ca2+/PKC and RhoA/SRF-RE, as well as FAK and ERK1/2 signaling pathways, shows no effect on PAR2-mediated recruitment of βarrestin2 and receptor internalization.I-287 inhibits PAR2-induced secretion of IL-8 cytokine in vitro and reduces Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced paw edema model in mice.

  • CAS Number: 2014368-93-3
  • MF: C30H30ClFN4O4
  • MW: 565.042
  • Catalog: Protease-Activated Receptor (PAR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

3,7-DMF

3,7-DMF is an orally active inhibitor of TGF-β1-induced activation of HSCs. 3,7-DMF induces antioxidant genes and quenches ROS away, which can be used to study liver fibrosis[1].

  • CAS Number: 20950-52-1
  • MF: C17H14O4
  • MW: 282.29
  • Catalog: TGF-beta/Smad
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Glycinexylidide

Glycinexylidide (GX) is the active metabolite of Lidocaine. Lidocaine is a local anesthetic that inhibits sodium channels involving complex voltage and dependence. Lidocaine also reduces the growth, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells. Glycinexylidide has research potential for use in anesthesia, cancer, and cardiovascular disease[1].

  • CAS Number: 18865-38-8
  • MF: C10H14N2O
  • MW: 178.23
  • Catalog: ERK
  • Density: 1.122g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 323.5ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: 92 °C
  • Flash Point: 149.4ºC

Lappaol F

Lappaol F, a lignin, is an anticancer agent. Lappaol F inhibits YAP<、b> mRNA and protein level. Lappaol F inhibits tumor cell growth by inducing cell cycle arrest. Lappaol F induces cancer cell apoptosis, and inhibits tumor growth. Lappaol F can be isolated from Arctium lappa Linne (Asteraceae)[1].

  • CAS Number: 69394-17-8
  • MF: C40H42O12
  • MW: 714.75
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

TC JL 37

TCJL37 is a potent, selective, and orally bioavailable TYK2 inhibitor with a Ki of 1.6 nM. TCJL37 can be used for the research of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD)[1].

  • CAS Number: 1258294-34-6
  • MF: C17H11ClF2N4O2
  • MW: 376.74
  • Catalog: JAK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

h-8 dihydrochloride

H-8 (dihydrochloride) is a cell-permeable, reversible and ATP-competitive PKA inhibitor[1].

  • CAS Number: 113276-94-1
  • MF: C12H17Cl2N3O2S
  • MW: 338.25300
  • Catalog: PKA
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 473.9ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 221-222℃ (methanol water )
  • Flash Point: 240.4ºC

Momelotinib-3,3,5,5-d4

Momelotinib-3,3,5,5-d4 (CYT387-3,3,5,5-d4) is the deuterium labeled Momelotinib (HY-10961). Momelotinib has inhibitory activity for JAK1/JAK2[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1619927-66-0
  • MF: C23H18D4N6O2
  • MW: 418.48
  • Catalog: JAK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

YAP-TEAD-IN-1

YAP-TEAD-IN-1 is a potent and competitive inhibitor of YAP–TEAD interaction (IC50=25 nM). YAP-TEAD-IN-1 is a 17mer peptide and shows a higher the binding affinity to TEAD1 (Kd=15 nM) than YAP (50-171) (Kd=40 nM)[1].

  • CAS Number: 1659305-78-8
  • MF: C93H144ClN23O21S2
  • MW: 2019.86
  • Catalog: YAP
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Tetramethylcurcumin

Tetramethylcurcumin (FLLL31), derived from curcumin, specifically suppresses the phosphorylation of STAT3 by binding selectively to Janus kinase 2 and the STAT3 Src homology-2 domain. Tetramethylcurcumin exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 52328-97-9
  • MF: C25H28O6
  • MW: 424.486
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: 1.1±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 594.5±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 255.1±30.2 °C

12-Hydroxyabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-7-one

Sugiol is an abietane diterpenoid, can be isolated from Calocedrus formosana bark. Sugiol has anti-inflammatory activity, could effectively reduce intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages[1].

  • CAS Number: 511-05-7
  • MF: C20H28O2
  • MW: 300.435
  • Catalog: Interleukin Related
  • Density: 1.0±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 437.2±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 186.4±21.3 °C

W1131

W1131 is a potent STAT3 inhibitor, triggering ferroptosis. W1131 suppresses cancer progression in gastric cancer cell subcutaneous xenograft model, organoids model, and PDX model. W1131 effectively alleviates chemical resistance of cancer cells to 5-FU (HY-90006). W1131 regulates cell cycle, DNA damage response, and oxidative phosphorylation, including IL6-JAK-STAT3 pathway and ferroptosis pathway[1].

  • CAS Number: 2740522-79-4
  • MF: C23H19N5O4
  • MW: 429.43
  • Catalog: Ferroptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

YAP-TEAD-IN-3

YAP-TEAD-IN-3 (compound 155) is a YAP/TAZ-TEAD inhibitor. YAP-TEAD-IN-3 inhibits Avi-humanTEAD4217-434 with an IC50 value of 9 nM. YAP-TEAD-IN-3 also inhibits NCI-H2052 with an GI50 of 0.048 μM (cell proliferation),and an IC50 of 0.048 μM (YAP reporter gene expression),respsectively[1].

  • CAS Number: 2714434-21-4
  • MF: C27H26ClF2N3O4
  • MW: 529.96
  • Catalog: YAP
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Rp-cAMPS

Rp-cAMPS, a cAMP analog, is a potent, competitive cAMP-induced activation of cAMP-dependent PKA I and II (Kis of 12.5 µM and 4.5 µM, respectively) antagonist. Rp-cAMPS is resistant to hydrolysis by phosphodiesterases[1][2][3][4][5][6].

  • CAS Number: 73208-40-9
  • MF: C16H27N6O5PS
  • MW: 446.46200
  • Catalog: PKA
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

ZINC12409120

ZINC12409120 is a high selective ERK inhibitor. ZINC12409120 acts on disrupting FGF23:α-Klotho interaction to inhibit ERK activity with an IC50 of 5.0 μM[1].

  • CAS Number: 1010888-06-8
  • MF: C20H16N4O2
  • MW: 344.37
  • Catalog: ERK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A