Ilunocitinib (compound 27) is a JAK inhibitor (extracted from patent WO2009114512A1)[1].
PKI (14-24)amide is a potent PKA inhibitor. PKI (14-24)amide strongly inhibited cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase activity in the cell homogenate[1][2].
Sp-cAMPS sodium salt, a cAMP analog, is potent activator of cAMP-dependent PKA I 和 PKA II. Sp-cAMPS sodium salt is also a potent, competitive phosphodiesterase (PDE3A) inhibitor with a Ki of 47.6 µM. Sp-cAMPS sodium salt binds the PDE10 GAF domain with an EC50 of 40 μM[1][2][3].
Ravoxertinib (GDC-0994) is an orally bioavailable ERK kinase inhibitor with an IC50 of 6.1 nM and 3.1 nM for ERK1 and ERK2, respectively.
Momelotinib (CYT387) is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of JAK1/JAK2 with IC50a of 11 nM and 18 nM,respectively. CYT387 shows much less activity against JAK3.
Heparan sulfate, a complex and linear polysaccharide, exists as part of glycoproteins named heparan sulfate proteoglycans, which are expressed abundantly on the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix.
Secalonic acid D is a toxic compound against tumor cells. Secalonic acid D can be isolated from the metabolites of Aspergillus aculeatus. Secalonic acid D activates GSK3-β, and degrades β-catenin. Thus, Secalonic acid D down-regulates c-Myc expression, arrests cell cycle at G1 phase, induces cell apoptosis[1][2].
ERK1/2 inhibitor 7 is a potent ERK inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.94 nM for ERK2 (WO2021110168A1, WX006)[1].
JAK-IN-3 (compound 22) is a potent JAK inhibitor, with IC50 values of 3 nM, 5 nM, 34 nM and 70 nM for JAK3, JAK1, TYK2 and JAK2, respectively[1].
JAK1-IN-7 is a Janus-associated kinase 1 (JAK1) inhibitor extracted from patent WO2018134213A1, Example 63, has an anti-inflammatory effect[1].
MY-673 is a colchicine binding site inhibitor (CBSI), that inhibits tubulin polymerization. MY-673 inhibits the ERK signaling pathway, which in turn affects SMAD4 protein expression levels in the TGF-β/SMAD pathway. MY-673 inhibited cell proliferation, migration and induced apoptosis in vivo and in vitro[1].
Rp-cAMPS triethylammonium salt is an analog of cAMP which acts as a potent, competitive and cell-permeable antagonist of cAMP-induced activation of cAMP-dependent PKA I and II (Kis of 6.05 µM and 9.75 µM, respectively). Rp-cAMPS triethylammonium salt is resistant to hydrolysis by phosphodiesterases[1][2][3][4][5].
Rutin hydrate is a flavonol glycoside, able to cross the blood-brain barrier, and acts by inhibiting JNK and ERK1/2 activation and activating mTOR signalling.
ALK5-IN-28 (compound Ex-05) is a selective ALK-5 inhibitor (IC50≤10 nM), inhibits TGF-β-induced SMAD signaling. ALK5-IN-28 has the potential to inhibit growth of tumour in vivo. ALK5-IN-28 can be used in study of proliferative diseases such as cancer, fibrotic diseases, and systemic sclerosis[1].
TEAD-IN-6 (Example 11-1) is a TEAD modulator that blocks the interaction between YAP1/TAZ and TEAD. TEAD-IN-6 can be used in cancer research[1].
ZDWX-25 is a highly potent GSK-3β and DYRK1A dual inhibitor with an IC50 value of 71 nM for GSK-3β. ZDWX-25 possesses significant cytotoxic activities against SH-SY5Y and HL-7702 cells. ZDWX-25 can be used for researching alzheimer's disease[1].
TBCA is a highly selective CK2 (casein kinase II) inhibitor with an IC50 of 110 nM and a Ki of 77 nM. TBCA shows selectivity for CK2 over CK1, DYRK1A and a panel of 27 other kinases[1][2].
KY1022 is a ras destabilizer. KY1022 targets the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway and inhibits development of metastatic colorectal cancer.
CK1-IN-1 is a casein kinase 1 (CK1) inhibitor extracted from patent WO2015119579A1, compound 1c, has IC50s of 15 nM, 16 nM, 73 nM for CK1δ, and CK1ε, p38σ MAPK, respectively[1].
TYK2-IN-12 (compound 30) is an orally active, potent and selective TYK2 (tyrosine kinase 2) inhibitor, with a Ki of 0.51 nM. TYK2-IN-12 inhibits IL-12 induced IFNγ, with IC50 values of 2.7 and 7.0 μM in human and mouse whole blood, respectively. TYK2-IN-12 can be used for psoriasis research[1].
(S)-PM-43I is a potent STAT6 inhibitor and can reduce STAT6 phosphorylation level. (S)-PM-43I can be used in allergic lung disease, allergic rhinitis, chronic pulmonary obstructive disease and cancer research[1].
Livmoniplimab (ABBV-151; ARGX-115) is a potent humanized anti-LRRC32 (GARP)/TGFβ1 monoclonal antibody. Livmoniplimab blocks LRRC32-mediated activation of latent TGFβ1. Livmoniplimab has the potential for the research of cancer[1].
FRATtide is a peptide derived from the GSK-3 binding protein that inhibits the phosphorylation of Axin and β-catenin. FRATtide inhibits GSK-3 binding to Axin[1].
2,5-Dihydroxyacetophenone, isolated from Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, inhibits the production of inflammatory mediators in activated macrophages by blocking the ERK1/2 and NF-κB signaling pathways[1].
(S,R,S)-AHPC-C2-amide-benzofuranylmethyl-pyridine is a dual target PROTAC that can not only target to the ubiquitination and degradation of Smad3 but also improve the HIF-α protein level. (S,R,S)-AHPC-C2-amide-benzofuranylmethyl-pyridine has a multi-path anti-fibrosis function and a renal protection function for research of renal anemia[1].
TGFβ-IN-2 (Compound 9d) inhibits TGF-β-induced total collagen accumulation in NRK-49F cells with the IC50 of 4.31 μM. TGFβ-IN-2 suppresses the TGF-β-induced protein expression of COL1A1, α-SMA, and p-Smad3 in vitro. TGFβ-IN-2 can be used as a potential effective compound for anti-fibrosis in vivo by oral administration[1].
mSIRK (G-Protein βγ Binding Peptide) is an cell-permeable activator of ERK1/2, with EC50 of 2.5-5 μM. mSIRK disrupts the interaction between α and βγ subunits and promotes α subunit dissociation without stimulating nucleotide exchange[1].
MK-0752 is a moderately potent γ-secretase inhibitor, which reduces Aβ40 production with IC50 of 5 nM.IC50 value: 5 nM (reduces Aβ40 production) [1]Target: γ-secretasein vitro: MK-0752 is identified as a moderately potent γ-secretase inhibitor, which reduces Aβ40 in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 of 5 nM in human SH-SY5Y cells [1]. In vitro, MK-0752 blocks Notch-intracellular domain (ICD) cleavage and its subsequent nuclear translocation [2]. in vivo: MK-0752 (240 mg/kg) reduces the generation of newly produced Aβ with 90% decrease of AUV in the brain of rhesus monkeys. In addition, MK-0752 treatment increases levels of Aβ 1-14, Aβ 1-15, and Aβ 1-16 , while decreases levels of Aβ 1-17 [1]. In guinea-pigs, oral administration of MK-0752 (10 mg/kg -30 mg/kg) results in the dose-dependent reduction of Aβ40 in plasma, brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with IC50 of 440 nM in brain [2].
GSK2646264 (Compound 44) is a potent and selective spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) inhibitor with a pIC50 of 7.1. GSK2646264 also inhibits other kinases with pIC50 values of 5.4, 5.4, 5.3, 5, 4.5, <4.6 and <4.3 against LCK, LRRK2, GSK3β, JAK2, VEGFR2, Aurora B and Aurora A, respectively. GSK2646264 is penetrable into the epidermis and dermis of the skin[1].
XAV-939 is a tankyrase (TNKS) inhibitor and an indirect inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, with IC50s of 5 and 2 nM for TNKS1 and TNKS2, respectively.