Stem cells are required for continuous tissue maintenance within diverse organs, stem cell activity is often externally dictated by the microenvironment (the niche) so that stem cell output is precisely shaped to meet homeostatic needs or regenerative demands. Several key signaling pathways have been shown to play essential roles in this regulatory capacity. Specifically, the JAK/STAT, Hedgehog, Wnt, Notch, Smad, PI3K/phosphatase and tensin homolog, and NK-κB signaling pathways have all been shown experimentally to mediate various stem cell properties, such as self-renewal, cell fate decisions, survival, proliferation, and differentiation.

Recent studies mainly focus on cancer stem cell, induced pluripotent stem cell, neural stem cell and maintenance of embryonic stem cell pluripotency. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been believed to be responsible for tumor initiation, growth, and recurrence. Numerous agents have been developed to specifically target CSCs by suppressing the expression of pluripotency maintaining factors Nanog, Oct-4, Sox-2, and c-Myc and transcription of GLI. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have the capacity to differentiate into various types of cells, and a self-renewing resource, and scientists can experiment with an unlimited number of pluripotent cells to perfect the process of targeted differentiation, transplantation, and more, for personalized medicine. Novel pathological mechanisms have been elucidated, new drugs originating from iPSC screens are in the pipeline and the first clinical trial using human iPSC-derived products has been initiated.

References:
[1] Clevers H, et al. Science. 2014 Oct 3;346(6205):1248012.
[2] Matsui WH. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Sep;95(1 Suppl 1):S8-S19.
[3] Koury J, et al. Stem Cells Int. 2017;2017:2925869.
[4] Garg A, et al. Cells. 2017 Feb 2;6(1). doi: 10.3390/cells6010004.


Anti-infection >
Arenavirus Bacterial CMV Enterovirus Filovirus Fungal HBV HCV HIV HSV Influenza Virus Parasite Reverse Transcriptase RSV SARS-CoV
Antibody-drug Conjugate >
ADC Cytotoxin ADC Linker Drug-Linker Conjugates for ADC PROTAC-linker Conjugate for PAC
Apoptosis >
Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family c-Myc Caspase DAPK Ferroptosis IAP MDM-2/p53 PKD RIP kinase Survivin Thymidylate Synthase TNF Receptor
Autophagy >
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JAK/STAT Signaling >
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Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel >
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Metabolic Enzyme/Protease >
15-PGDH 5 alpha Reductase 5-Lipoxygenase Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Acyltransferase Adenosine Deaminase Adenosine Kinase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Aldose Reductase Aminopeptidase Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) ATGL ATP Citrate Lyase Carbonic Anhydrase Carboxypeptidase Cathepsin CETP COMT Cytochrome P450 Dipeptidyl Peptidase Dopamine β-hydroxylase E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Elastase Enolase FAAH FABP Factor Xa Farnesyl Transferase Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) FXR Glucokinase GSNOR Gutathione S-transferase HCV Protease Hexokinase HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase HIV Integrase HIV Protease HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) HSP Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) Lactate Dehydrogenase LXR MAGL Mineralocorticoid Receptor Mitochondrial Metabolism MMP Nampt NEDD8-activating Enzyme Neprilysin PAI-1 PDHK PGC-1α Phosphatase Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Phospholipase Procollagen C Proteinase Proteasome Pyruvate Kinase RAR/RXR Renin ROR Ser/Thr Protease SGK Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) Thrombin Tryptophan Hydroxylase Tyrosinase Xanthine Oxidase
Neuronal Signaling >
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NF-κB >
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PI3K/Akt/mTOR >
Akt AMPK ATM/ATR DNA-PK GSK-3 MELK mTOR PDK-1 PI3K PI4K PIKfyve PTEN
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VD/VDR
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PKI (5-24),amide

PKI (5-24),amide (IP20-amide) is a 20-residue peptide that corresponds to the active portion of the heat-stable inhibitor protein of cAMP-dependent protein kinase. PKI (5-24),amide is a potent cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) (PKA) inhibitor with a Ki of 2.3 nM[1].

  • CAS Number: 100891-36-9
  • MF: C94H149N33O30
  • MW: 2221.40
  • Catalog: PKA
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Zelasudil

Zelasudil is a Rho-associated (ROCK) kinase inhibitor. Zelasudil has a ROCK2 binding affinity[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 2365193-22-0
  • MF: C22H21F2N7O
  • MW: 437.45
  • Catalog: ROCK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Tarlatamab

Tarlatamab (AMG-757) is a bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody targeting delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3). DLL3 is a target that is selectively expressed in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) tumors, but with minimal normal tissue expression. Tarlatamab has the KDs of 0.64 nM and 0.50 nM for human and nonhuman primate (NHP) DLL3, respectively. Tarlatamab has the KDs of 14.9 nM and 12 nM for human and NHP CD3, respectively. Tarlatamab is a first-in-class HLE BiTE immuno-oncology therapy targeting DLL3 and has the potential for SCLC research[1].

  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Arnicolide D

Arnicolide D is a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Centipeda minima. Arnicolide D modulates the cell cycle, activates the caspase signaling pathway and inhibits the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and STAT3 signaling pathways. Arnicolide D inhibits Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner[1].

  • CAS Number: 34532-68-8
  • MF: C19H24O5
  • MW: 332.39100
  • Catalog: Caspase
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

THK01

THK01 is a potent ROCK2 inhibitor with IC50 values of 5.7 and 923 nM for ROCK2 and ROCK1, respectively. THK01 inhibits breast cancer metastasis through the ROCK2-STAT3 signaling pathway. THK01 can be used in research of breast cancer[1].

  • CAS Number: 2226941-26-8
  • MF: C20H13N3O2
  • MW: 327.34
  • Catalog: ROCK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Bozepinib

Novel antitumor agent, inducing PKR-mediated apoptosis and synergizing with IFN

  • CAS Number: 1207993-83-6
  • MF: C20H14Cl2N6O5S
  • MW: 521.33
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Homoharringtonine

Homoharringtonine (Omacetaxine mepesuccinate;HHT) is a cytotoxic alkaloid with antitumor properties which acts by inhibiting translation elongation.

  • CAS Number: 26833-87-4
  • MF: C29H39NO9
  • MW: 545.621
  • Catalog: STAT
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 713.1±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 144-146ºC
  • Flash Point: 385.1±32.9 °C

Itacitinib

Itacitinib is a potent and selective inhibitor of JAK1, with >20-fold selectivity for JAK1 over JAK2 and >100-fold over JAK3 and TYK2; Itacitinib is used in the research of myelofibrosis.

  • CAS Number: 1334298-90-6
  • MF: C26H23F4N9O
  • MW: 553.51400
  • Catalog: JAK
  • Density: 1.57±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Momelotinib-3,3,5,5-d6

Momelotinib-3,3,5,5-d6 (CYT387-3,3,5,5-d6) is the deuterium labeled Momelotinib (HY-10961). Momelotinib has inhibitory activity for JAK1/JAK2[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1619927-67-1
  • MF: C23H16D6N6O2
  • MW: 420.50
  • Catalog: JAK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Tofacitinib (CP-690550)

Tofacitinib is a JAK1/2/3 inhibitor with IC50s of 1, 20, and 112 nM, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 477600-75-2
  • MF: C16H20N6O
  • MW: 312.370
  • Catalog: JAK
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 585.8±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 308.1±30.1 °C

PF-4950834

PF-4950834 is a potent, selective, orally bioavailable, ATP-competitive rho kinase inhibitor with IC50 values of 8.35 nM and 33.12 nM against ROCK2 and ROCK1, respectively. PF-4950834 inhibits neutrophil migration[1].

  • CAS Number: 1256264-62-6
  • MF: C21H19N3O2
  • MW: 345.39
  • Catalog: ROCK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

TX-1123

TX-1123 is a potent protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitor for Src, eEF2-K, and PKA, and EGFR-K/PKC. TX-1123 is a cyclo-oxygenase (COX) inhibitor with IC50 values of 1.16 μM and 15.7 μM for COX2 and COX1, respectively. TX-1123 has low mitochondrial toxicity. TX-1123 can be used in research of cancer[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 157397-06-3
  • MF: C20H24O3
  • MW: 312.40300
  • Catalog: PKC
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

LIMK-IN-22j

LIMK-IN-1 (Compound 14) is an inhibitor of LIM-Kinase (LIMK), with IC50s of 0.5 nM and 0.9 nM for LIMK1 and LIMK2, respectively. LIMK-IN-1 can be used for ocular hypertension and associated glaucoma research[1].

  • CAS Number: 1116571-01-7
  • MF: C20H21BrN8
  • MW: 453.34
  • Catalog: LIM Kinase (LIMK)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Tauroursodeoxycholate dihydrate

Tauroursodeoxycholate dihydrate (TUDCA dihydrate; UR 906 dihydrate; Taurolite dihydrate) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor. Tauroursodeoxycholate significantly reduces expression of apoptosis molecules, such as caspase-3 and caspase-12. Tauroursodeoxycholate also inhibits ERK[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 117609-50-4
  • MF: C26H49NO8S
  • MW: 535.73
  • Catalog: Caspase
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

gamma-secretase modulator 1

γ-secretase inhibitior-1 is a gamma-secretase modulator, γ-secretase inhibitior-1 is useful for Alzheimer's disease.

  • CAS Number: 1172637-87-4
  • MF: C24H24N4OS
  • MW: 416.53900
  • Catalog: γ-secretase
  • Density: 1.3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Glycinexylidide

Glycinexylidide (GX) is the active metabolite of Lidocaine. Lidocaine is a local anesthetic that inhibits sodium channels involving complex voltage and dependence. Lidocaine also reduces the growth, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells. Glycinexylidide has research potential for use in anesthesia, cancer, and cardiovascular disease[1].

  • CAS Number: 18865-38-8
  • MF: C10H14N2O
  • MW: 178.23
  • Catalog: ERK
  • Density: 1.122g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 323.5ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: 92 °C
  • Flash Point: 149.4ºC

h-8 dihydrochloride

H-8 (dihydrochloride) is a cell-permeable, reversible and ATP-competitive PKA inhibitor[1].

  • CAS Number: 113276-94-1
  • MF: C12H17Cl2N3O2S
  • MW: 338.25300
  • Catalog: PKA
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 473.9ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 221-222℃ (methanol water )
  • Flash Point: 240.4ºC

Momelotinib-3,3,5,5-d4

Momelotinib-3,3,5,5-d4 (CYT387-3,3,5,5-d4) is the deuterium labeled Momelotinib (HY-10961). Momelotinib has inhibitory activity for JAK1/JAK2[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1619927-66-0
  • MF: C23H18D4N6O2
  • MW: 418.48
  • Catalog: JAK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

YAP-TEAD-IN-3

YAP-TEAD-IN-3 (compound 155) is a YAP/TAZ-TEAD inhibitor. YAP-TEAD-IN-3 inhibits Avi-humanTEAD4217-434 with an IC50 value of 9 nM. YAP-TEAD-IN-3 also inhibits NCI-H2052 with an GI50 of 0.048 μM (cell proliferation),and an IC50 of 0.048 μM (YAP reporter gene expression),respsectively[1].

  • CAS Number: 2714434-21-4
  • MF: C27H26ClF2N3O4
  • MW: 529.96
  • Catalog: YAP
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

ZINC12409120

ZINC12409120 is a high selective ERK inhibitor. ZINC12409120 acts on disrupting FGF23:α-Klotho interaction to inhibit ERK activity with an IC50 of 5.0 μM[1].

  • CAS Number: 1010888-06-8
  • MF: C20H16N4O2
  • MW: 344.37
  • Catalog: ERK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

ERKtide

ERKtide is a biological active peptide. (ERKtide is a peptide substrate for ERK2. Extracellular regulated protein kinase 2 (ERK2) is a eukaryotic protein kinase whose activity is regulated by mitogenic stimuli.)

  • CAS Number: 287721-17-9
  • MF: C58H93N19O16
  • MW: 1312.48
  • Catalog: ERK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

CC-90003

CC-90003 is an irreversible and selective inhibitor of ERK 1/2 with antitumor activity.

  • CAS Number: 1621999-82-3
  • MF: C22H21F3N6O2
  • MW: 458.44
  • Catalog: ERK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

N-(3-Methoxybenzyl)-(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienamide

N-(3-Methoxybenzyl)-(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienamide is a macamide isolated from Maca (Lepidium meyenii Walp.) N-(3-Methoxybenzyl)-(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienamide induces mesenchymal stem cells osteogenic differentiation and consequent bone formation through activating the canonical Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway. N-(3-Methoxybenzyl)-(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienamide can be used for the research of osteoporosis[1].

  • CAS Number: 883715-23-9
  • MF: C26H39NO2
  • MW: 397.593
  • Catalog: Wnt
  • Density: 0.961±0.06 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 562.1±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 293.8±30.1 °C

Wnt pathway activator 2

Wnt pathway activator 2 is a potent Wnt activator extracted from patent WO2012024404A1, compound 2, has an IC50s of 13 nM[1].

  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Ivachtin

Metadoxine blocks adipocyte differentiation in association with inhibition of the protein kinase A-cAMP response element binding protein (PKA-CREB) pathway.

  • CAS Number: 74536-44-0
  • MF: C13H18N2O6
  • MW: 298.292
  • Catalog: PKA
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 491.9ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 102-104ºC
  • Flash Point: 251.3ºC

Momelotinib-2,2,6,6-d6

Momelotinib-2,2,6,6-d6 (CYT387-2,2,6,6-d6) is the deuterium labeled Momelotinib (HY-10961). Momelotinib has inhibitory activity for JAK1/JAK2[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1619927-65-9
  • MF: C23H16D6N6O2
  • MW: 420.50
  • Catalog: JAK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

1,2,3,4,5,6-HEXABROMOCYCLOHEXANE

Benzene hexabromide, a bromohydrocarbon, is a potent inhibitor of JAK2 tyrosine kinase autophosphorylation.

  • CAS Number: 1837-91-8
  • MF: C6H6Br6
  • MW: 557.536
  • Catalog: JAK
  • Density: 2.9±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 388.9±42.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 82-85°C
  • Flash Point: 183.4±22.6 °C

Rovadicitinib hydrochloride

Rovadicitinib hydrochloride is a JAK inhibitor with an IC50 value <20 nM. Rovadicitinib hydrochloride also exhibits anti-inflammatory activity[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1948242-60-1
  • MF: C17H20ClN7
  • MW: 357.84
  • Catalog: JAK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

KY-02327

KY-02327 is an orally active, small molecule inhibitor of the Dishevelled (Dvl)-CXXC5 interaction with IC50 of 3.1 uM, a metabolically stabilized KY-02061 analog; KY-02327 is more stable by 2.3-fold and 1.3-fold than KY-02061 in rat liver microsomes and in human hepatocytes, respectively; shows enhanced effect on induction of ALP activity of osteoblast cells compared with KY-02061; activates the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, promotes osteoblast differentiation, and rescues BMD, bone volume, and trabecular bone structures in variectomized (OVX) mouse model.

  • CAS Number: 2093407-25-9
  • MF: C20H27N3O4
  • MW: 373.453
  • Catalog: Wnt
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Fraxinellone

Fraxinellone is isolated from the root bark of the Rutaceae plant, Dictamnus dasycarpus. Fraxinellone is a PD-L1 inhibitor and inhibits HIF-1α protein synthesis without affecting HIF-1α protein degradation. Fraxinellone has the potential to be a valuable candidate for cancer treatment by targeting PD-L1[1].

  • CAS Number: 28808-62-0
  • MF: C14H16O3
  • MW: 232.275
  • Catalog: PD-1/PD-L1
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 372.9±30.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 116ºC
  • Flash Point: 179.3±24.6 °C