Phthalic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester-d4 is a deuterium labeled Phthalic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester (HY-W018392). Phthalic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester (MEHP) is a major bioactive metabolite of diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), which inhibits the 17, 20 lyase activity of CYP17[1][2].
Etebenecid is a uricosuric agents, lower uric acid levels in the body by increasing the elimination of uric acid by the kidneys, also inhibits penicillin tubular secretion.
Ercalcitriol (1α,25-Dihydroxy Vitamin D2) is a active metabolite of vitamin D2. IC50 value: Target: Ercalcitriol (1α,25-Dihydroxy Vitamin D2) exhibits equipotent antirachitic activity in rats as calcitriol. Ercalcitriol(1α,25-Dihydroxy Vitamin D2) is a VDR-like Receptors
Amiloride (hydrochloride) is an epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) inhibitor and a competitive inhibitor of Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA).
4-Nitrophenyl α-L-rhamnopyranoside is a rhamnose-a substrate for rhamnosidase[1].
Dimethyl sulfone is an endogenous metabolite.
3-Methylglutaric acid-d4 is the deuterium labeled 3-Methylglutaric acid[1]. 3-Methylglutaric acid, a leucine metabolite, is a conspicuous C6 dicarboxylic organic acid classically associated with two distinct leucine pathway enzyme deficiencies, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA lyase (HMGCL) and 3-methylglutaconyl CoA hydratase (AUH)[2][3].
11β-HSD1-IN-12 is a 11β-HSD1 inhibitor (Example 21 in reference patent). 11β-HSD1 regenerates active glucocorticoids from inactive forms and is important in regulating intracellular glucocorticoid concentration. 11β-HSD1-IN-12 can be used in the research of obesity and metabolic syndrome[1].
KLKKTETQ is a bioactive peptide with anti-aging effect and has been reported used as a cosmetic ingredient[1].
VU0420373 is a potent heme sensor system (HssRS) activator with an EC50 of 10.7 μM and a pEC50 of 4.97. VU0420373 induces heme biosynthesis, and is toxic to fermenting S. aureus[1].
N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine-15N is the 15N labeled N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine. N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine (N-Acetyl-2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose) is a monosaccharide derivative of gluc[1][2].
1-Dodecanol is an endogenous metabolite.
Diethyl fumarate is an endogenous metabolite.
SNT-207858 is a selective and orally available melanocortin MC-4 receptor antagonist with a 170-fold selectivity vs. MC-3 and a 40-fold selectivity versus MC-5. SNT-207858 has an IC50 of 8 nM (binding) and 5 nM (function) on the MC-4 receptor.
Chloramphenicol succinate is a proagent of Chloramphenicol, with Haemotoxicity. Chloramphenicol succinate also is an antibiotic. Chloramphenicol succinate is a competitive substrate and inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is the possible reason for its toxicity[1][2][3][4].
6-Methoxytricin (Compound 6) is an flavonoid isolated from Artemisia iwayomogi. 6-Methoxytricin (Compound 6) is an inhibitor on aldose reductase (AR) and advanced glycation endproduct (AGE) formation activities with IC50 values of 30.29 μM and 134.88 μM, respectively. 6-Methoxytricin (Compound 6) has potential as an anti-diabetic complications agent[1].
Tiopronin-d3 is the deuterium labeled Tiopronin. Tiopronin is a diffusible antioxidant, an antidote to heavy metal poisoning and a radioprotective agent. Tiopronin can control the rate of cystine precipitation and excretion and has the potential for cystinuria, rheumatoid arthritis and hepatic disorders[1][2].
Anisotropine methobromide is an orally active anticholinergic muscarinic antagonist. Anisotropine methobromide can inhibit gastric acid secretion and is used as an adjunct to peptic ulcers[1].
KMN-80, a derivative of PGE1 (HY-B0131), is a selective and potent agonist of EP4 receptor with an IC50 and a Ki of 3 nM and 2.35 nM, respectively. KMN-80 is against EP3 receptor with an IC50 of 1.4 μM and >10 μM for all other prostanoid receptors[1].
Azumolene (EU4093 free base), a Dantrolene analog, is a muscle relaxant. Azumolene is a ryanodine receptor (RyR) modulator and inhibits the calcium-release through ryanodine receptor. Azumolene can be used for malignant hyperthermia research[1][2].
Sevelamer carbonate is an orally active and non-calcium-based phosphate binding agent and used for the hyperphosphatemia of chronic kidney disease (CKD)research. Sevelamer carbonate effectively lowers serum phosphorus levels hile having minimal effect on serum calcium or serum chloride levels in vivo. Sevelamer carbonate is considered as an improved, buffered form of sevelamer (HY-13995)[1][2].
4,5-Dimethoxycanthin-6-one is a potent and uncompetitive inhibitor of CYP1A2-mediated phenacetin O-deethylation with an IC50 value of 1.7μM and a Ki value of 2.6 μM. 4,5-Dimethoxycanthin-6-one, as an alkaloid, is isolated from the wood of Picrasma quassioides BENNET (Simaroubaceae)[1][2].
PF-06409577 is a potent and selective allosteric activator of AMPK α1β1γ1 isoform with an EC50 of 7 nM.
Collagenase is a proteolytic enzyme, which breaks the peptide bonds in collagen. Collagenase has good research potential in disc herniation, keloid, cellulite, lipoma, as well as peyronie's disease and dupuytren fracture[1].
FASN-IN-5 (example 11), a FASN inhibitor, can be used for the research of TH17- or CSF1 -mediated disease or disorder such as cancer, immunological disorders, and obesity[1].
Rosolic Acid is an activator of Nrf2, as well as its downstream targets. Rosolic Acid increases the levels of angiogenic factors, decreases inflammation (TNF-α and IL-1β) and apoptotic markers (CXCL10 and CCL2). Rosolic Acid restores the function of pancreatic cells and protects endothelial cells (ECs) from endoplasmic reticulum stressed[1].
β-Alanine-d4 (2-Carboxyethylamine-d4) is the deuterium labeled β-Alanine. β-Alanine is a non-essential amino acid that is shown to be metabolized into carnosine, which functions as an intracellular buffer.
(Rac)-Sitagliptin-d4((Rac)-MK-0431-d4) hydrochloride is a labelled racemic Sitagliptin. Sitagliptin (MK-0431) hydrochloride is a potent inhibitor of DPP4 with an IC50 of 19 nM in Caco-2 cell extracts[1].
APX-115 (Ewha-18278) is a potent, orally active pan NADPH oxidase (Nox) inhibitor with Ki values of 1.08 μM, 0.57 μM, and 0.63 μM for Nox1, Nox2 and Nox4, respectively. APX-115 can protect ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis and type 2 diabetes-induced renal injury. APX-115 effectively prevents kidney injury such as albuminuria, glomerular hypertrophy, tubular injury, podocyte injury, fibrosis, and inflammation as well as oxidative stress in diabetic mice[1].
Fructosyl-lysine (Fructoselysine) dihydrochloride is an amadori glycation product from the reaction of glucose and lysine by the Maillard reaction. Fructosyl-lysine dihydrochloride is the precursor to glucosepane, a lysine–arginine protein cross-link that can be an indicator in diabetes detection[1].