Acetylcysteine-d3 (N-Acetylcysteine-d3) is the deuterium labeled Acetylcysteine. Acetylcysteine (N-Acetylcysteine) is a mucolytic agent which reduces the thickness of the mucus. Acetylcysteine is a ROS inhibitor[1]. Acetylcysteine is a cysteine precursor, prevents hemin-induced ferroptosis by neutralizing toxic lipids generated by arachidonate-dependent activity of 5-lipoxygenases[5]. Acetylcysteine induces cell apoptosis[2][3]. Acetylcysteine also has anti-influenza virus activities[7].
Onradivir monohydrate is a potent anti-influenza virus agent[1].
Ketotifen (HC 20-511) is an orally active second-generation noncompetitive histamine 1 (H1) receptor blocker and mast cell stabilizer. Ketotifen can block 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (PGD) in vitro. Ketotifen also has antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza virus. Ketotifen can be used to the research of autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and asthma attack prevention[1][2][3][4].
Caprochlorone has antiviral activity against orthopoxvirus. Caprochlorone can inhibit cell penetration by virus, also delays release of newly formed virus from the cell. Caprochlorone decreases the titers of influenza virus in infected-mice lungs[1][2][3].
Wulignan A1 is isolated from the stems of Schisandra henryi. Wulignan A1 exhibits anti-influenza virus H1N1 and H1N1-TR (a Tamiflu drug resistant virus strain) activities[1].
RSV/IAV-IN-2 (compound 14c) is a potent and dual inhibitor of RSV/IAV. RSV/IAV-IN-2 has lesser cytotoxicity than the clinical drug, Ribavirin. RSV/IAV-IN-2 has the potential for the research of RSV and/or IAV infections[1].
Azaribine (2',3',5'-Tri-O-acetyl-6-azauridine) is a potent orotidine monophosphate decarboxylase (OMPD) inhibitor. Azaribine is an antiviral inhibitor of several RNA viruses and inhibits viral genome replication and gene transcription. Azaribine shows broad-spectrum antiviral activity (EC50=3.80 nM-1.73 μM against influenza A and B viruses; EC50=1.62 μM against ZIKV Paraiba). Azaribine, a triacetate salt of Azauridine, has the potential for psoriasis research[1][2].
Anti-Influenza agent 4 is a potent and selective influenza virus inhibitor with EC50s of 150 nM and 62 nM for strains A/Roma and A/Parma, respectively[1].
RSV/IAV-IN-1 (compound 14e) is a potent and dual inhibitor of RSV/IAV. RSV/IAV-IN-1 has lesser cytotoxicity than the clinical drug, Ribavirin. RSV/IAV-IN-1 has the potential for the research of RSV and/or IAV infections[1].
Eleutheroside B1, a coumarin compound, has a wide spectrum of anti-human influenza virus efficacy, with an IC50 value of 64-125 µg/ml. Eleutheroside B1 mediates its anti-influenza activity through POLR2A and N-glycosylation. Eleutheroside B1 inhibits the mRNA expression of several chemokine genes and the influenza nucleoprotein (NP) gene, and exhibits low cytotoxicity. Antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities[1].
Oseltamivir-d5 is the deuterium labeled Oseltamivir[1]. Oseltamivir is an influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitor (NAI). Oseltamivir inhibits influenza A/H3N2, A/H1N2, A/H1N1, and B viruses with mean IC50 of 0.67, 0.9, 1.34 and 13 nM, respectively. Anti-influenza A and B agent[2].
DHODH-IN-9 (Compound 10k) is an azine-bearing analogue and is a human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitor. DHODH-IN-9 has antiviral effect with a pMIC50 of 7.4[1].
Tyrothricin is a polypeptide antibiotic mixture isolated from Bacillus brevis and consists of tyrocidines and gramicidins. Tyrothricin shows activity against bacteria, fungi and some viruses. Tyrothricin containing formulations are used in sore throat agents and in agents for the healing of infected superficial and small-area wounds[1].
2'-Deoxy-2'-fluorocytidine, an nucleoside analog, is a potent inhibitor of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) replication. 2′-deoxy-2′-fluorocytidine can act synergistically with T705 to increase the potency of both compounds antiviral effects on CCHFV replication[1].
Rupestonic acid, a sesquiterpene from Artemisia rupestris L., can inhibit influenza virus[1].
Oseltamivir phosphate (GS 4104) is a neuraminidase inhibitor recommended for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza A and B.
RSV-IN-4 (Compound 2) is a dual inhibitor of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza virus A (IAV). RSV-IN-4 shows anti-RSV activity (EC50 = 11.76 μM)[1].
Influenza A virus-IN-4 (compound 23b), an Oseltamivir derivative, is a potent inhibitor of neuraminidase. Influenza A virus-IN-4 exerts powerful inhibitions on influenza viruses[1].
Naringenin is the predominant flavanone in grapefruit; displays strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities.
KIN101 is a potent RNA viral inhibitor with IC50s of 2 μM, >5 μM for influenza virus and Dengue virus (DNV), respectively. KIN101, an isoflavone agonist of IRF-3 dependent signaling, induces IRF-3 nuclear translocation. KIN101 has broad-spectrum activity against RNA viruses[1][2].
Dehydroandrographolide is extracted from herbal medicine Andrographis paniculata (Burm f) Nees; alleviate oxidative stress in LPS-induced acute lung injury possibly by inactivating iNOS.
3-Deoxysappanchalcone is a naturally-occurring chalcone compound isolated from Caesalpinia sappan L. (Leguminosae), which possesses anti-allergic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. 3-Deoxysappanchalcone exerts anti-inflammatory activity via induce heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression by activating the AKT/mTOR pathway in murine macrophages. 3-Deoxysappanchalcone also exhibits anti-influenza virus activity (H3N2, IC50 = 1.06 μM)[1][2].
Koaburaside is a cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory natural compound. Koaburaside shows antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 9.0 μM for DPPH-free radical scavenging assay. Koaburaside inhibits histamine release and expressions of IL-6 and TNF-α in human mast cells. Koaburaside also effectively inhibits influenza A neuraminidase[1].
Oseltamivir D3 is a deuterium labeled Oseltamivir. Oseltamivir is an influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitor (NAI). Oseltamivir inhibits influenza A/H3N2, A/H1N2, A/H1N1, and B viruses with mean IC50s of 0.67, 0.9, 1.34 and 13 nM, respectively. Anti-influenza A and B agent[1].
CBS1117 is a virus entry inhibitor with an IC50 of 70 nM for influenza A viruses, A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1). CBS1117 interferes with the hemagglutinin (HA)-mediated fusion process[1].
7,3',4'-Trihydroxy-3-benzyl-2H-chromene is an reversible noncompetitive neuraminidase (NA) inhibitor. 7,3',4'-Trihydroxy-3-benzyl-2H-chromene can be isolated from the dried heartwood of Caesalpinia sappan L. 7,3',4'-Trihydroxy-3-benzyl-2H-chromene has potent NAs inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 34.6 µM [H1N1], 39.5 µM [H3N2], and 50.5µM [H9N2], respectively. 7,3',4'-Trihydroxy-3-benzyl-2H-chromene can be used for the research of influenza virus[1][2].
2'-Deoxy-2'-fluorouridine can be used as an intermediate for antiinfluenza virus agents synthesis[1].
Diridavumab is a monoclonal anti-HA stalk antibody. Diridavumab stabilizes the prefusion HA structure and prevents pH-dependent fusion of cellular and viral membranes in endosomes. Diridavumab can be used in research of H2 influenza virus[1].
Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-16 is a potent inhibitor of cap-dependent endonuclease (CEN). Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-16 is a pyridone polycyclic derivative. Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-16 has the potential for the research of influenza (extracted from patent CN112778330A, compound 15A)[1].
FGI-106 tetrahydrochloride is a potent and broad-spectrum inhibitor with inhibitory activity against multiple viruses. FGI-106 tetrahydrochloride is active against Ebola, Rift Valley and Dengue Fever viruses with EC50s of 100 nM, 800 nM and 400-900 nM, respectively. FGI-106 tetrahydrochloride also inhibits non-hemorrhagic fever viruses HCV and HIV-1 with EC50s of 200 nM and 150 nM, respectively[1].