ent-Kaurene, a diterpenoid, can induce ROS accumulation by targeting antioxidant proteins and depleting GSH, which can induce apoptosis and ferroptosis[1].
IVHD-valtrate, an active Valeriana jatamansi derivative, is against human ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. IVHD-valtrate induces cancer cells apoptosis and arrests the ovarian cancer cells in the G2/M phase. IVHD-valtrate has the potential to be a novel chemotherapeutic agent for the human ovarian cancer research[1].
Terrein is a melanogenesis inhibitor[1]. Terrein induces apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines [2]. Terrein is an inhibitor of quorum sensing and c-di-GMP in Pseudomonas aeruginosa[3].
Cholesteryl hemisuccinate is a with hepatoprotective an anticancer activity. Cholesteryl hemisuccinate inhibits Acetaminophen (AAP, HY-66005) hepatotoxicity, and prevents AAP-induced hepatic apoptosis and necrosis. Cholesteryl hemisuccinate inhibits DNA polymerase and DNA topoisomerase to inhibit DNA replication and repair and cell division. Thus, Cholesteryl hemisuccinate inhibits tumor growth[1][2].
CRT5, a pyrazine benzamide, is a potent and selective inhibitor for all three isoforms of PKD in endothelial cells treated with VEGF (IC50s = 1, 2, and 1.5 nM for PKD1, PKD2, and PKD3, respectively). CRT5 decreases VEGF-induced endothelial migration, proliferation and tubulogenesis[1].
CPTH2 is a potent histone acetyltransferase (HAT) inhibitor. CPTH2 selectively inhibits the acetylation of histone H3 by Gcn5. CPTH2 induces apoptosis and decreases the invasiveness of a clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) cell line through the inhibition of acetyltransferase p300 (KAT3B)[1][2].
Sanguinarine, a benzophenanthridine alkaloid derived from the root of Sanguinaria Canadensis, can stimulate apoptosis via activating the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Sanguinarine-induced apoptosis is associated with the activation of JNK and NF-κB.
HDAC1/2 and CDK2-IN-1 (compound 14d) is a potent HDAC1, HDAC2 and CDK2 dual inhibitor, with IC50 values of 70.7, 23.1 and 0.80 μM, respectively. HDAC1/2 and CDK2-IN-1 can block the cell cycle and induce apoptosis. HDAC1/2 and CDK2-IN-1 exhibits desirable in vivo antitumor activity[1].
Thymidine 3',5'-diphosphate (Deoxythymidine 3′,5′-diphosphate; pdTp) tetrasodium is a selective small molecule inhibitor of staphylococcal nuclease and tudor domain containing 1 (SND1, the miRNA regulatory complex RISC subunit). Thymidine 3',5'-diphosphate tetrasodium exhibits anti-tumor efficacy in vivo[1].
Atrosab is a humanized IgG1 antagonistic anti-TNFR1 antibody. Atrosab inhibits TNF-mediated apoptosis induction and IL-6 and IL-8 production. Atrosab can be used for research of inflammatory disease[1].
DRI-C21045 (compound 10) is a potent and selective inhibitor of the CD40-CD40L costimulatory protein-protein interaction (PPI) with an IC50 of 0.17 µM. DRI-C21045 shows concentration-dependent inhibition of the activation of NF-κB and B cell proliferation all induced by CD40L with IC50s of 17.1 µM and 4.5 µM, respectively[1].
A947 is a potent and selective SMARCA2 proteolysis-targeting chimera molecule (PROTAC). A947 also is a potent and moderately selective SMARCA2 degrader. A947 has binding affinity to the SMARCA2 bromodomain with a Kd value of 93 nM. A947 can be used for the research of cancer[1].
Nec-3a is a Necrostatin-3 analogue. Nec-3a is a RIP1 inhibitor (IC50: 0.44 μM). Nec-3a inhibits the autophosphorylation activity of the RIP1 kinase domain[1].
Ro24-7429 is a potent and orally active HIV-1 transactivator protein Tat antagonist. Ro24-7429 is also a runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) inhibitor. Ro24-7429 has anti-HIV, antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects[1][2].
Hexapeptide-11 is a bioactive peptide with anti-aging effect. Hexapeptide-11 protects fibroblasts against oxidative stress-mediated premature cellular senescence by mediating a downregulation of cellular proteins, such as ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and p53 [1].
5-OH-HxMF is a hydroxylated polymethoxyflavone that has anti-inflammatory, anticancer, neurotrophic and neuroprotective activities[1][2][3].
S55746 hydrochloride is a potent, orally active and selective BCL-2 inhibitor, with Kis and Kds of 1.3 nM, 520 nM and 3.9 nM, 186 nM for BCL-2 and BCL-XL, respectively. S55746 hydrochloride has antitumor activity.
EGFR-IN-60 (Compound 7d) shows obvious inhibition of EGFRWT, EGFRT790M, EGFRL858R and JAK3 with IC50s of 83, 26, 53, and 69 nM, respectively. EGFR-IN-60 potently inhibits the growth of H1975 cells harboring EGFRT790M mutation (IC50=1.32 µM) over A431 cells overexpressing EGFRWT (IC50=4.96 µM). EGFR-IN-60 exhibits good oral absorption, potent and safe antitumor activity. EGFR-IN-60 induces cell death through apoptosis supported by increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio[1].
Adenosine-1′-13C is the 13C labeled Adenosine. Adenosine (Adenine riboside), a ubiquitous endogenous autacoid, acts through the enrollment of four G protein-coupled receptors: A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. Adenosine affects almost all aspects of cellular physiolo
YVAD-CHO is an interleukin-1β converting enzyme (ICE, caspase 1) inhibitor that can partially delay motoneurone death in lesioned facial nerve mice[1].
PP5-IN-1 (Compound P053) is a competitive inhibitor of Serine/threonine protein phosphatase-5 (PP5) that binds to its catalytic domain and causes apoptosis in renal cancer[1].
(R)-CR8 (CR8), a second-generation analog of Roscovitine, is a potent CDK1/2/5/7/9 inhibitor. (R)-CR8 (CR8) inhibits CDK1/cyclin B (IC50=0.09 μM), CDK2/cyclin A (0.072 μM), CDK2/cyclin E (0.041 μM), CDK5/p25 (0.11 μM), CDK7/cyclin H (1.1 μM), CDK9/cyclin T (0.18 μM) and CK1δ/ε (0.4 μM). (R)-CR8 (CR8) induces apoptosis and has neuroprotective effect[1][2].
HSP90-IN-13 (compound 5k) is a highly potent HSP90 pan inhibitor with an IC50 value of 25.07 nM. HSP90-IN-13 has multi-target activity against EGFR, VEGFR-2 and Topoisomerase-2. HSP90-IN-13 causes cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and induces apoptosis of MCF-7 cells through mitochondrial-mediated pathway[1].
(2-Hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin is a widely used drug delivery vehicle to improve the stability and bioavailability.
Garcinol, a polyisoprenylated benzophenone harvested from Garcinia indica, exerts anti-cholinesterase properties towards acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) with IC50s of 0.66 µM and 7.39 µM, respectively[1]. Garcinol also inhibits histone acetyltransferases (HATs, IC50= 7 μM) and p300/CPB-associated factor (PCAF, IC50 = 5 μM). Garcinol has anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity[2].
Cedrelone, a limonoid, is a Phenazine biosynthesis-like domain-containing protein (PBLD) activator. Cedrelone induces cancer cell apoptosis, and possess antitumor effects[1].
Oroxin B (OB) is a flavonoid isolated from traditional Chinese herbal medicine Oroxylum indicum (L.) Vent. Oroxin B (OB) possesses obvious inhibitory effect and induces early apoptosis rather than late apoptosis on liver cancer cells through upregulation of PTEN, down regulation of COX-2, VEGF, PI3K, and p-AKT[1].Oroxin B (OB) selectively induces tumor-suppressive ER stress in malignant lymphoma cells[2].
Tripchlorolide is a neuroprotective agent that can be found in Tripterygium wilfordii. Tripchlorolide prevents tumor growth by inducing apoptosis and autophagy. Tripchlorolide improves cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease[1][2][3].
Ac-DNLD-CHO (Ac-Asp-Asn-Leu-Asp-CHO) is a Caspase-3/7 inhibitor (IC50: 9.89, 245 nM respectively; Kiapp: 0.68, 55.7 nM respectively). Ac-DNLD-CHO can be used for research of caspase-mediated apoptosis diseases, such as neurodegenerative disorders and viral infection diseases[1].
N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP; N-Formyl-MLF) is a chemotactic peptide and a specific ligand of N-formyl peptide receptor (FPR). N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Ph is reported to inhibit TNF-alpha secretion.