Autophagy is an intracellular degradation system that delivers cytoplasmic constituents to the lysosome. Autophagy plays a wide variety of physiological and pathophysiological roles. Different selective forms of autophagy have been identified and characterized, leading to the specific degradation of organelles or pathogens. These selective pathways include the autophagic degradation of mitochondria (mitophagy), peroxisomes (pexophagy), endoplasmic reticulum (reticulophagy or ER-phagy), ribosomes (ribophagy), protein aggregates (aggrephagy), lipid droplets (lipophagy), spermatozoon-inherited organelles following fertilization (allophagy), secretory granules within pancreatic cells (zymophagy), or intracellular pathogens (xenophagy).

Autophagy consists of several sequential steps--sequestration, transport to lysosomes, degradation, and utilization of degradation products--and each step may exert different function. Autophagy signal transduction are mainly regulated by autophagy-related genes/proteins, Atgs. ATGs have unveiled much of the machinery of autophagosome formation. Furthermore, different non-ATG proteins are involved in the regulation and process of autophagy, e.g., mTOR, AMPK, AKT, AMBRA1, BCL2, DFCP1, or VPS34.

Autophagy and its dysregulation have been implicated in different human diseases or processes, such as cancer, neurodegeneration, immunity, or aging. Plenty of drugs and natural products are involved in autophagy modulation, either inducing or inhibiting autophagy, through multiple signaling pathways. Small molecules that can regulate autophagy seem to have great potential to modulate the clinical course of neurodegenerative diseases or promote chemotherapeutic response in tumor models. Besides, several clinical drugs and compounds in diabetes are also found to involve regulation of autophagy.

References:
[1] Glick D, et al. J Pathol. 2010 May;221(1):3-12.
[2] Mizushima N. Genes Dev. 2007 Nov 15;21(22):2861-73.
[3] Wesselborg S, et al. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2015 Dec;72(24):4721-57.
[4] Zhang XW, et al. J Asian Nat Prod Res. 2017 Apr;19(4):314-319.


Anti-infection >
Arenavirus Bacterial CMV Enterovirus Filovirus Fungal HBV HCV HIV HSV Influenza Virus Parasite Reverse Transcriptase RSV SARS-CoV
Antibody-drug Conjugate >
ADC Cytotoxin ADC Linker Drug-Linker Conjugates for ADC PROTAC-linker Conjugate for PAC
Apoptosis >
Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family c-Myc Caspase DAPK Ferroptosis IAP MDM-2/p53 PKD RIP kinase Survivin Thymidylate Synthase TNF Receptor
Autophagy >
Autophagy LRRK2 ULK Mitophagy
Cell Cycle/DNA Damage >
Antifolate APC ATM/ATR Aurora Kinase Casein Kinase CDK Checkpoint Kinase (Chk) CRISPR/Cas9 Deubiquitinase DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker DNA-PK DNA/RNA Synthesis Eukaryotic Initiation Factor (eIF) G-quadruplex Haspin Kinase HDAC HSP IRE1 Kinesin LIM Kinase (LIMK) Microtubule/Tubulin Mps1 Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog p97 PAK PARP PERK Polo-like Kinase (PLK) PPAR RAD51 ROCK Sirtuin SRPK Telomerase TOPK Topoisomerase Wee1
Cytoskeleton >
Arp2/3 Complex Dynamin Gap Junction Protein Integrin Kinesin Microtubule/Tubulin Mps1 Myosin PAK
Epigenetics >
AMPK Aurora Kinase DNA Methyltransferase Epigenetic Reader Domain HDAC Histone Acetyltransferase Histone Demethylase Histone Methyltransferase JAK MicroRNA PARP PKC Sirtuin Protein Arginine Deiminase
GPCR/G Protein >
5-HT Receptor Adenosine Receptor Adenylate Cyclase Adiponectin Receptor Adrenergic Receptor Angiotensin Receptor Bombesin Receptor Bradykinin Receptor Cannabinoid Receptor CaSR CCR CGRP Receptor Cholecystokinin Receptor CRFR CXCR Dopamine Receptor EBI2/GPR183 Endothelin Receptor GHSR Glucagon Receptor Glucocorticoid Receptor GNRH Receptor GPCR19 GPR109A GPR119 GPR120 GPR139 GPR40 GPR55 GPR84 Guanylate Cyclase Histamine Receptor Imidazoline Receptor Leukotriene Receptor LPL Receptor mAChR MCHR1 (GPR24) Melatonin Receptor mGluR Motilin Receptor Neurokinin Receptor Neuropeptide Y Receptor Neurotensin Receptor Opioid Receptor Orexin Receptor (OX Receptor) Oxytocin Receptor P2Y Receptor Prostaglandin Receptor Protease-Activated Receptor (PAR) Ras RGS Protein Sigma Receptor Somatostatin Receptor TSH Receptor Urotensin Receptor Vasopressin Receptor Melanocortin Receptor
Immunology/Inflammation >
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor CCR Complement System COX CXCR FLAP Histamine Receptor IFNAR Interleukin Related IRAK MyD88 NO Synthase NOD-like Receptor (NLR) PD-1/PD-L1 PGE synthase Salt-inducible Kinase (SIK) SPHK STING Thrombopoietin Receptor Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Arginase
JAK/STAT Signaling >
EGFR JAK Pim STAT
MAPK/ERK Pathway >
ERK JNK KLF MAP3K MAP4K MAPKAPK2 (MK2) MEK Mixed Lineage Kinase MNK p38 MAPK Raf Ribosomal S6 Kinase (RSK)
Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel >
ATP Synthase BCRP Calcium Channel CFTR Chloride Channel CRAC Channel CRM1 EAAT2 GABA Receptor GlyT HCN Channel iGluR Monoamine Transporter Monocarboxylate Transporter Na+/Ca2+ Exchanger Na+/HCO3- Cotransporter Na+/K+ ATPase nAChR NKCC P-glycoprotein P2X Receptor Potassium Channel Proton Pump SGLT Sodium Channel TRP Channel URAT1
Metabolic Enzyme/Protease >
15-PGDH 5 alpha Reductase 5-Lipoxygenase Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Acyltransferase Adenosine Deaminase Adenosine Kinase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Aldose Reductase Aminopeptidase Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) ATGL ATP Citrate Lyase Carbonic Anhydrase Carboxypeptidase Cathepsin CETP COMT Cytochrome P450 Dipeptidyl Peptidase Dopamine β-hydroxylase E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Elastase Enolase FAAH FABP Factor Xa Farnesyl Transferase Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) FXR Glucokinase GSNOR Gutathione S-transferase HCV Protease Hexokinase HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase HIV Integrase HIV Protease HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) HSP Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) Lactate Dehydrogenase LXR MAGL Mineralocorticoid Receptor Mitochondrial Metabolism MMP Nampt NEDD8-activating Enzyme Neprilysin PAI-1 PDHK PGC-1α Phosphatase Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Phospholipase Procollagen C Proteinase Proteasome Pyruvate Kinase RAR/RXR Renin ROR Ser/Thr Protease SGK Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) Thrombin Tryptophan Hydroxylase Tyrosinase Xanthine Oxidase
Neuronal Signaling >
5-HT Receptor AChE Adenosine Kinase Amyloid-β Beta-secretase CaMK CGRP Receptor COMT Dopamine Receptor Dopamine Transporter FAAH GABA Receptor GlyT iGluR Imidazoline Receptor mAChR Melatonin Receptor Monoamine Oxidase nAChR Neurokinin Receptor Opioid Receptor Serotonin Transporter γ-secretase
NF-κB >
NF-κB IKK Keap1-Nrf2 MALT1
PI3K/Akt/mTOR >
Akt AMPK ATM/ATR DNA-PK GSK-3 MELK mTOR PDK-1 PI3K PI4K PIKfyve PTEN
PROTAC >
PROTAC E3 Ligase Ligand-Linker Conjugate Ligand for E3 Ligase PROTAC Linker PROTAC-linker Conjugate for PAC
Protein Tyrosine Kinase/RTK >
Ack1 ALK Bcr-Abl BMX Kinase Btk c-Fms c-Kit c-Met/HGFR Discoidin Domain Receptor DYRK EGFR Ephrin Receptor FAK FGFR FLT3 IGF-1R Insulin Receptor IRAK Itk PDGFR PKA Pyk2 ROS Src Syk TAM Receptor Trk Receptor VEGFR
Stem Cell/Wnt >
Casein Kinase ERK Gli GSK-3 Hedgehog Hippo (MST) JAK Notch Oct3/4 PKA Porcupine ROCK sFRP-1 Smo STAT TGF-beta/Smad Wnt YAP β-catenin γ-secretase
TGF-beta/Smad >
TGF-beta/Smad PKC ROCK TGF-β Receptor
Vitamin D Related >
VD/VDR
Others >
Androgen Receptor Aromatase Estrogen Receptor/ERR Progesterone Receptor Thyroid Hormone Receptor Others

Citalopram hydrobromide

Citalopram hydrobromide is an antidepressant drug of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class. It has US FDA approval to treat major depression.

  • CAS Number: 59729-32-7
  • MF: C20H22BrFN2O
  • MW: 405.304
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 182-188ºC
  • Melting Point: 182-188ºC
  • Flash Point: 212.8ºC

Enalaprilat Dihydrate

Enalaprilat is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor with IC50 of 1.94 nM.Target: ACEEnalaprilat has high affinity for human endothelial ACE with IC50 of 1.94 nM in vitro binding assay by displacing a saturating concentration of [125I]351A, a radiolabeled lisinopril analogue from ACE binding sites, and shows bradykinin/angiotensin I selectivity ratio of 1.00 calculated from double displacement experiments [1]. Enalaprilat attenuates the IGF-I induced neonatal rat cardiac fibroblast growth (30% reduction) in a concentration-dependent fashion, with IC50 of 90 mM [2].Administration of Enalaprilat induces a significant reduction of MAP at 70 minutes compared with the placebo group during haemorrhagic shock in rats, and results in a 50% reduction of CO, a general tendency of EB extravasation which is significant in the kidney and lungs, and a significant increase in ileal EB extravasation (53%) [3].

  • CAS Number: 84680-54-6
  • MF: C18H28N2O7
  • MW: 384.424
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 563.5ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 211-215°C
  • Flash Point: 294.6ºC

Cryptotanshinone

Cryptotanshinone is a natural compound extracted from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge that shows antitumor activities. Cryptotanshinone inhibits STAT3 with an IC50 of 4.6 μM.

  • CAS Number: 35825-57-1
  • MF: C19H20O3
  • MW: 296.360
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 459.0±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 184-185ºC
  • Flash Point: 203.4±28.8 °C

Chlorpromazine hydrochloride

Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride is an antagonist of the dopamine D2, 5HT2A, potassium channel andsodium channel. Chlorpromazine binds with D2 and 5HT2A with Kis of 363 nM and 8.3 nM, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 69-09-0
  • MF: C17H20Cl2N2S
  • MW: 355.325
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: 1.077 g/cm3 (15 C)
  • Boiling Point: 450.1ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 192-196°C
  • Flash Point: N/A

Simvastatin-d3

Simvastatin-d3 is the deuterium labeled Simvastatin[1]. Simvastatin (MK 733) is a competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase with a Ki of 0.2 nM[2].

  • CAS Number: 1002347-61-6
  • MF: C25H35D3O5
  • MW: 421.58500
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

3BDO

3BDO is a new mTOR activator which can also inhibit autophagy.

  • CAS Number: 890405-51-3
  • MF: C18H17NO5
  • MW: 327.331
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 540.0±20.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 233.2±23.8 °C

Ponatinib hydrochloride

Ponatinib (AP24534) hydrochloride is a hydrochloride of ponatinib. Ponatinib is an orally active multi-targeted kinase inhibitor with IC50s of 0.37 nM, 1.1 nM, 1.5 nM, 2.2 nM, and 5.4 nM for Abl, PDGFRα, VEGFR2, FGFR1, and Src, respectively[1].

  • CAS Number: 1114544-31-8
  • MF: C29H28ClF3N6O
  • MW: 569.02
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

PFE-360

PFE-360 is a potent, selective, brain penetrated and orally active leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) inhibitor with a mean IC50 of 2.3 nM in vivo[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1527475-61-1
  • MF: C16H16N6O
  • MW: 308.34
  • Catalog: LRRK2
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Obatoclax Mesylate

Obatoclax is an antagonist of the BCL-2 family proteins. It binds to BCL-2 with a Ki of 220 nM.

  • CAS Number: 803712-79-0
  • MF: C21H23N3O4S
  • MW: 413.490
  • Catalog: Bcl-2 Family
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Adenosine-d2

Adenosine-d2 is the deuterium labeled Adenosine. Adenosine (Adenine riboside), a ubiquitous endogenous autacoid, acts through the enrollment of four G protein-coupled receptors: A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. Adenosine affects almost all aspects of cellular physio

  • CAS Number: 82741-17-1
  • MF: C10H11D2N5O4
  • MW: 269.25
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Entrectinib

Entrectinib is a potent and orally available Trk, ROS1, and ALK inhibitor; inhibits TrkA, TrkB, TrkC, ROS1 and ALK with IC50 values of 1, 3, 5, 12 and 7 nM, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 1108743-60-7
  • MF: C31H34F2N6O2
  • MW: 560.638
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 717.5±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 387.7±32.9 °C

PF-06455943

PF-06455943 is a leucine rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) inhibitor with IC50 value of 3 nM. PF-06455943 also is a PET radioligand. PF-06455943 can be used for the research of ADME/neuro PK characterization and Parkinson disease (PD)[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1527474-15-2
  • MF: C17H14FN5O
  • MW: 323.32
  • Catalog: LRRK2
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Vinorelbine

Vinorelbine is an anti-mitotic agent which inhibits the proliferation of Hela cells with IC50 of 1.25 nM.

  • CAS Number: 71486-22-1
  • MF: C45H54N4O8
  • MW: 778.932
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

IITZ-01

IITZ-01 is a potent lysosomotropic autophagy inhibitor with single-agent antitumor activity, with an IC50 of 2.62 μM for PI3Kγ.

  • CAS Number: 1807988-47-1
  • MF: C26H23FN8O
  • MW: 482.51
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Sophocarpine

Sophocarpine (monohydrate) is one of the significant alkaloid extracted from the traditional herb medicine Sophora flavescens which has many pharmacological properties such as anti-virus, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory. Sophocarpine (monohydrate) significantly inhibits the growth of gastric cancer (GC) cells through multiple mechanisms such as induction of autophagy, activation of cell apoptosis and down-regulation of cell survival PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Sophocarpine (monohydrate) has been demonstrated to have anti-tumor activity in various cancer cells, including hepatocellular carcinoma, prostate cancer and colorectal cancer[1].

  • CAS Number: 145572-44-7
  • MF: C15H22N2O
  • MW: 246.348
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 425.4±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 194.0±21.1 °C

LG100268

LG100268 (LG268) is a potent, selective and orally active retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonist with EC50 values of 4 nM, 3 nM, and 4 nM for RXR-α, RXR-β, and RXR-γ, respectively[1]. LG100268 displays >1000-fold selectivity for RXR over RAR, the Ki values are 3.4 nM, 6.2 nM and 9.2 nM for RXR-α, RXR-β, and RXR-γ, respectively[2]. LG100268 activates RXR homodimers to induce transcriptional activation. LG100268 can be used for the study of lung carcinogenesisy[3].

  • CAS Number: 153559-76-3
  • MF: C24H29NO2
  • MW: 363.49300
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: 1.115g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 487ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: 275-277ºC
  • Flash Point: 248.3ºC

UCM-1336

UCM-1336 is a potent ICMT inhibitor, with an IC50 of 2 μM. UCM-1336 induces mislocalization of endogenous Ras, decreases Ras activation and induces cell death by autophagy and apoptosis[1].

  • CAS Number: 1621535-90-7
  • MF: C26H37N3O2
  • MW: 423.59
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

LRRK2-IN-7

LRRK2-IN-7 is a potent, selective, and CNS-penetrant LRRK2 kinase inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.9 nM. LRRK2-IN-7 shows >1000-fold selectivity over other kinases, ion channels, and CYP enzymes[1].

  • CAS Number: 2307277-93-4
  • MF: C24H26N6O
  • MW: 414.50
  • Catalog: LRRK2
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Montelukast sodium

Montelukast sodium is a potent, selective CysLT1 receptor antagonist.

  • CAS Number: 151767-02-1
  • MF: C35H35ClNNaO3S
  • MW: 608.165
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 750.5ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: 115 °C(dec.)
  • Flash Point: 407.7ºC

Trimetazidine-d8 dihydrochloride

Trimetazidine-d8 dihydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Trimetazidine dihydrochloride. Trimetazidine dihydrochloride is a selective long chain 3-ketoyl coenzyme A thiolase inhibitor with an IC50 of 75 nM, which can inhibit β-oxidation of free fatty acid (FFA). Trimetazidine dihydrochloride is an effective antianginal agent and a cytoprotective drug, has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and gastroprotective properties. Trimetazidine dihydrochloride triggers autophagy. Trimetazidine dihydrochloride is also a 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (HADHA) inhibitor[1][2][3][4].

  • CAS Number: 1219795-37-5
  • MF: C14H16D8Cl2N2O3
  • MW: 347.31
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Olanzapine

Olanzapine(LY170053) is a high affinity for 5-HT2 serotonin and D2 dopamine receptor antagonist.IC50 Value:Target: 5-HT ReceptorOlanzapine is a thienobenzodiazepine that blocks especially the serontonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]) 5-HT2A and the dopamine D2 receptors (Ki values are 4 and 11 nM respectively) as well as muscarinic (M1), histamine (H1), 5-HT2C, 5-HT3 to 5-HT6, adrenergic (α(l)), and D4 receptors. Atypical antipsychotic for the treatment of schizophrenia. Olanzapine displays anticholinergic properties.

  • CAS Number: 132539-06-1
  • MF: C17H20N4S
  • MW: 312.432
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 476.0±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 195°C
  • Flash Point: 241.7±31.5 °C

PF-06454589

PF-06454589 is a potent and selective LRRK2 inhibitor.

  • CAS Number: 1527473-30-8
  • MF: C14H16N6O
  • MW: 284.316
  • Catalog: LRRK2
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 582.0±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 305.8±30.1 °C

STO-609 (acetate)

STO-609 acetate is a selective and cell-permeable inhibitor of the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaM-KK), with Ki values of 80 and 15 ng/mL for recombinant CaM-KKα and CaM-KKβ, respectively. STO-609 acetate inhibits AMP-activated protein kinase kinase (AMPKK) activity in HeLa cell lysates with an IC50 ~0.02 g/ml.

  • CAS Number: 1173022-21-3
  • MF: C21H14N2O5
  • MW: 374.35
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

17-AAG (Hydrochloride)

17-AAG Hydrochloride is a potent HSP90 inhibitor with IC50 of 5 nM, having a 100-fold higher binding affinity for HSP90 derived from tumour cells than HSP90 from normal cells.

  • CAS Number: 911710-03-7
  • MF: C31H44ClN3O8
  • MW: 622.14900
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

acridinyl anisidide

Amsacrine is an inhibitor of topoisomerase II, and acts as an antineoplastic agent which can intercalates into the DNA of tumor cells.

  • CAS Number: 54301-15-4
  • MF: C21H20ClN3O3S
  • MW: 429.92000
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 563ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 197-199ºC
  • Flash Point: 294.3ºC

Calcineurin Substrate trifluoroacetate salt

Calcineurin substrate is a peptide from the regulatory RII subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase. It can be used in the calcineurin activity assay.

  • CAS Number: 113873-67-9
  • MF: C92H150N28O29
  • MW: 2112.35000
  • Catalog: Peptides
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Zebularine

Zebularine (NSC309132; 4-Deoxyuridine) is a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor; also an inhibitor of cytidine deaminase with a Ki of 0.95 μM.

  • CAS Number: 3690-10-6
  • MF: C9H12N2O5
  • MW: 228.202
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: 1.7±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 499.0±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 160-162?C
  • Flash Point: 255.6±31.5 °C

Lys01 trihydrochloride

Lys01 trihydrochloride (Lys05) is a novel lysosomal autophagy inhibitor with IC50 values of 3.6, 3.8, 6 and 7.9 μM for 1205Lu, c8161, LN229 and HT-29 cell line in the MTT assay.

  • CAS Number: 1391426-24-6
  • MF: C23H26Cl5N5
  • MW: 549.751
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

AT101

(R)-(-)-Gossypol acetic acid (AT-101 (acetic acid)) is the levorotatory isomer of a natural product Gossypol. AT-101 is determined to bind to Bcl-2, Mcl-1 and Bcl-xL proteins with Kis of 260±30 nM, 170±10 nM, and 480±40 nM, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 866541-93-7
  • MF: C32H34O10
  • MW: 578.60600
  • Catalog: Bcl-2 Family
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Hesperidin

Hesperidin (HP) is a bioflavonoid that plays a role in plant defense and is abundant in citrus species, such as grapefruit, lemon and orange. Hesperidin is used effectively as a supplemental agent in complementary therapy protocols, since it possesses biological and pharmacological properties as an effective antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, and anti-hypertensive agent with lipid-lowering activity[1]IC50: hesperidin (IC50=116.68μmo/L))[4]in vitro: hesperidin and linarin are two of the main constituent of Valeriana's extract exhibiting a high affinity to KATP channel, which are related to the control of Ca++ concentration and release of GABA in synaptic nerve terminal, mainly on cells of SN[2]in vivo: Hesperidin was dissolved in 1% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and administered orally at a dose of 50 mg/kg for 10 consecutive days. In the control group, rats were treated with the corn oil and 1% CMC vehicle.[1]

  • CAS Number: 520-26-3
  • MF: C28H34O15
  • MW: 610.561
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: 1.7±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 930.1±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 250-255 °C (dec.)(lit.)
  • Flash Point: 305.5±27.8 °C