G Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) perceive many extracellular signals and transduce them to heterotrimeric G proteins, which further transduce these signals intracellular to appropriate downstream effectors and thereby play an important role in various signaling pathways. G proteins are specialized proteins with the ability to bind the nucleotides guanosine triphosphate (GTP) and guanosine diphosphate (GDP). In unstimulated cells, the state of G alpha is defined by its interaction with GDP, G beta-gamma, and a GPCR. Upon receptor stimulation by a ligand, G alpha dissociates from the receptor and G beta-gamma, and GTP is exchanged for the bound GDP, which leads to G alpha activation. G alpha then goes on to activate other molecules in the cell. These effects include activating the MAPK and PI3K pathways, as well as inhibition of the Na+/H+ exchanger in the plasma membrane, and the lowering of intracellular Ca2+ levels.

Most human GPCRs can be grouped into five main families named; Glutamate, Rhodopsin, Adhesion, Frizzled/Taste2, and Secretin, forming the GRAFS classification system.

A series of studies showed that aberrant GPCR Signaling including those for GPCR-PCa, PSGR2, CaSR, GPR30, and GPR39 are associated with tumorigenesis or metastasis, thus interfering with these receptors and their downstream targets might provide an opportunity for the development of new strategies for cancer diagnosis, prevention and treatment. At present, modulators of GPCRs form a key area for the pharmaceutical industry, representing approximately 27% of all FDA-approved drugs.

References:
[1] Moreira IS. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014 Jan;1840(1):16-33.
[2] Tuteja N. Plant Signal Behav. 2009 Oct;4(10):942-7.
[3] Williams C, et al. Methods Mol Biol. 2009;552:39-50.
[4] Schiöth HB, et al. Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2005 May 15;142(1-2):94-101.
[5] Wu J, et al. Cancer Genomics Proteomics. 2012 Jan;9(1):37-50.


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LY83583

LY83583 is a cell-permeable and competitive inhibitor of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) with an IC50 value of 2 µM[1].

  • CAS Number: 91300-60-6
  • MF: C15H10N2O2
  • MW: 250.252
  • Catalog: Guanylate Cyclase
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 446.9±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 184-185°C
  • Flash Point: 224.1±28.7 °C

Amelubant

Amelubant (BIIL 284) is a potent, oral and long acting LTB4 receptor antagonist, negligibly binds to LTB4 receptor, with Kis of 221 nM and 230 nM in vital cells and membranes. Amelubant (BIIL 284) is a prodrug of active metabolites BIIL 260 and BIIL 315. Anti-inflammatory activity[1].

  • CAS Number: 346735-24-8
  • MF: C35H40N2O5
  • MW: 568.70200
  • Catalog: Leukotriene Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Corticosterone

Corticosterone is an adrenocortical steroid that has modest but significant activities as a mineralocorticoid and a glucocorticoid.

  • CAS Number: 50-22-6
  • MF: C21H30O4
  • MW: 346.461
  • Catalog: Glucocorticoid Receptor
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 529.2±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 179-183 °C(lit.)
  • Flash Point: 288.0±26.6 °C

LP-211

LP-211 is a selective and blood−brain barrier penetrant 5-HT7 receptor agonist, with a Ki of 0.58 nM, with high selectivity over 5-HT1A receptor (Ki, 188 nM) and D2 receptor (Ki, 142 nM).

  • CAS Number: 1052147-86-0
  • MF: C30H34N4O
  • MW: 466.617
  • Catalog: 5-HT Receptor
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 714.8±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 386.1±32.9 °C

mGluR2 antagonist 1

mGluR2 antagonist 1 is a highly potent, orally bioavailable and selective class of mGluR2 negative allosteric modulator (IC50 of 9 nM) with excellent brain permeability[1].

  • CAS Number: 1432728-49-8
  • MF: C21H16FN3O3
  • MW: 377.37
  • Catalog: mGluR
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Melatonin D5

Melatonin D5 is deuterium labeled Melatonin. Melatonin is a hormone made by the pineal gland that can activates melatonin receptor. Antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties[1][2][3]. Melatonin is a selective ATF-6 inhibitor and induces human hepatoma cell apoptosis through COX-2 downregulation[4].

  • CAS Number: 66521-38-8
  • MF: C13H12D4N2O2
  • MW: 236.30300
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: 1.196g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 512.831ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 117-118ºC
  • Flash Point: 263.951ºC

DL-Norepinephrine-d3 hydrochloride

DL-Norepinephrine-d3 (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled DL-Norepinephrine hydrochloride[1]. DL-Norepinephrine hydrochloride is a synthetic phenylethylamine that mimics the sympathomimetic actions of the endogenous norepinephrine.DL-Norepinephrine hydrochloride is a neurotransmitter targets α1 and β1 adrenoceptors, has an increasing effect on subendocardial oxygen tension[2].

  • CAS Number: 1392208-07-9
  • MF: C8H9D3ClNO3
  • MW: 208.66
  • Catalog: Adrenergic Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Dexamethasone-d4

Dexamethasone-d4 is deuterium labeled Dexamethasone. Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Dexamethasone also significantly decreases CD11b, CD18, and CD62L expression on neutrophils, and CD11b and CD18 expression on monocytes. Dexamethasone is highly effective in the control of COVID-19 infection. Dexamethasone inhibits production of exosomes containing inflammatory microRNA-155 in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammatory responses.

  • CAS Number: 2305607-27-4
  • MF: C22H25D4FO5
  • MW: 396.49
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

QWF

QWF Peptide (Compound 4a) is a substance P antagonist with an IC50 of 0.09 μM. QWF Peptide antagonizes the SP-induced contraction of isolated guinea pig trachea strips with an IC50 of 4.7 μM[1].

  • CAS Number: 126088-82-2
  • MF: C38H43N5O8
  • MW: 697.78
  • Catalog: Neurokinin Receptor
  • Density: 1.26g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

CRF (bovine) trifluoroacetate salt

CRF,bovine is a potent agonist of CRF receptor, and displaces [125I-Tyr]ovine CRF with a Ki of 3.52 nM.

  • CAS Number: 92307-52-3
  • MF: C206H340N60O63S
  • MW: 4697.34
  • Catalog: Peptides
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Protokylol

Protokylol (Caytine; JB-251) is a beta-adrenergic receptor agonist and TRPV1 agonist. Protokylol is used as a bronchodilator[1].

  • CAS Number: 136-70-9
  • MF: C18H21NO5
  • MW: 331.36300
  • Catalog: Adrenergic Receptor
  • Density: 1.336g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 585ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 307.6ºC

DOXYLAMINE SUCCINATE

Doxylamine is a first generation antihistamine; can be used by itself as a short-term sedative and in combination with other drugs to provide night-time allergy and cold relief.

  • CAS Number: 562-10-7
  • MF: C21H28N2O5
  • MW: 388.457
  • Catalog: Histamine Receptor
  • Density: 1.043g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 364.9ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 103 - 108ºC
  • Flash Point: 174.5ºC

RWJ-56110

RWJ-56110 is a potent, selective, peptide-mimetic inhibitor of PAR-1 activation and internalization (binding IC50=0.44 uM) and shows no effect on PAR-2, PAR-3, or PAR-4. RWJ-56110 inhibits the aggregation of human platelets induced by both SFLLRN-NH2 (IC50=0.16 μM) and thrombin (IC50=0.34 μM), quite selective relative to U46619 (HY-108566). RWJ-56110 blocks angiogenesis and blocks the formation of new vessel in vivo. RWJ-56110 induces cell apoptosis[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 252889-88-6
  • MF: C41H43Cl2F2N7O3
  • MW: 863.650
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

BMS-986188

BMS-986188 is a selective positive allosteric modulator of δ-opioid receptor with an EC50 of 0.05 μM[1].

  • CAS Number: 1776115-10-6
  • MF: C30H31BrO4
  • MW: 535.47
  • Catalog: Opioid Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

eucatropine

Eucatropine is a potent muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.583 μM. Eucatropine is an anticholinergic agent[1].

  • CAS Number: 100-91-4
  • MF: C17H25NO3
  • MW: 291.38500
  • Catalog: mAChR
  • Density: 1.11g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 388.7ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 188.8ºC

hA2A/hCA XII modulator 1

hA2A/hCA XII modulator 1 (compound 14), a triazolopirazine, is a potent hA2A adenosine receptor (hA2AAR) antagonist with Kis of 6.4 nM, 4.819 μM, >30 μM for hA2AAR, hA1AR, hA3AR, respectively. hA2A/hCA XII modulator 1 is a potent human carbonic anhydrase XII (hCA XII) inhibitor with Kis of 6.2 nM, 46 nM, 466 nM, 8.351 μM for hCA XII, hCA II, hCA IX and hCA I, respectively. hA2A/hCA XII modulator 1 has the potential for cancer research[1].

  • CAS Number: 2548963-55-7
  • MF: C24H19N7O4S
  • MW: 501.52
  • Catalog: Adenosine Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

N-Salicyloyltryptamine

N-Salicyloyltryptamine acts on voltage-dependent Na+, Ca2+, and K+ ion channels inhibitor. N-Salicyloyltryptamine inhibits K+ currents with an IC50 value of 34.6 μM (Ito). N-Salicyloyltryptamine also exhibits anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and vasorelaxation effect[1]-[5].

  • CAS Number: 31384-98-2
  • MF: C17H16N2O2
  • MW: 280.32100
  • Catalog: Guanylate Cyclase
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

SOS1-IN-4

SOS1-IN-4 is a potent SOS1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 56 nM for KRAS-C12C/SOS1 interaction (WO2021228028 A1, example 65)[1].

  • CAS Number: 2738392-83-9
  • MF: C24H29F2N4O2P
  • MW: 474.48
  • Catalog: Ras
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Trihexylphenedyl

Trihexyphenidyl is a potent and selective M1 muscarinic receptor antagonist. Trihexyphenidyl shows anticholinergic activity, and can be used for Parkinson syndrome or dystonia research[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 144-11-6
  • MF: C20H31NO
  • MW: 301.46600
  • Catalog: mAChR
  • Density: 1.04g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 447.9ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 258.5ºC
  • Flash Point: 211ºC

Propantheline

Propantheline is an orally active mAChR antagonist. Propantheline can be used in the research of smooth muscle dysfunction, excessive sweating, cramps or spasms of the stomach, intestines or bladder, and involuntary urination[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 298-50-0
  • MF: C16H26N2O3
  • MW: 294.38900
  • Catalog: mAChR
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

AM211

AM211 is a potent, selective and orally bioavailable prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) receptor type 2 (DP2) antagonist, with IC50s of 4.9 nM, 7.8 nM, 4.9 nM, 10.4 nM for human, mouse, guinea pig, and rat DP2, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 1175526-27-8
  • MF: C27H27F3N2O4
  • MW: 500.50900
  • Catalog: Prostaglandin Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

LY 293284

LY 293284 is a potent and selective 5-HT1A receptor agonist. LY 293284 results in a significant drop in core temperature and consumes more food in cholestasis rat induced by bile duct resection[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 141318-62-9
  • MF: C19H26N2O
  • MW: 298.42
  • Catalog: 5-HT Receptor
  • Density: 1.11g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 478.2ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 243ºC

ML031

CYM-5482 is a potent and selective agonist Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2) with an IC50 and EC50 of 1.0 and 1.03 μM. CYM-5482 has the potential for the research of cancer diseases[1].

  • CAS Number: 852230-33-2
  • MF: C19H20N2O3
  • MW: 324.374
  • Catalog: LPL Receptor
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 568.8±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 297.8±30.1 °C

Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide Fragment 8-37 human

HCGRP-(8-37) is a human calcitonin gene-related peptide (hCGRP) fragment and also an antagonist of CGRP receptor. Sequence: Val-Thr-His-Arg-Leu-Ala-Gly-Leu-Leu-Ser-Arg-Ser-Gly-Gly-Val-Val-Lys-Asn-Asn-Phe-Val-Pro-Thr-Asn-Val-Gly-Ser-Lys-Ala-Phe.

  • CAS Number: 119911-68-1
  • MF: C139H230N44O38
  • MW: 3125.59000
  • Catalog: Peptides
  • Density: 1.46±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Anamorelin (Fumarate)

Anamorelin Fumarate is a novel ghrelin receptor agonist with EC50 value of 0.74 nM in the FLIPR assay.

  • CAS Number: 339539-92-3
  • MF: C35H46N6O7
  • MW: 662.77600
  • Catalog: GHSR
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

15-oxoprostaglandin F2α

15-keto-Prostaglandin F2α (15-keto-PGF2α) is a metabolite of Prostaglandin F2α. Prostaglandin F2α. Prostaglandin F2α is an orally active, potent prostaglandin F (PGF) receptor (FP receptor) agonist and plays a key role in the onset and progression of labour[1].

  • CAS Number: 35850-13-6
  • MF: C20H32O5
  • MW: 352.465
  • Catalog: Prostaglandin Receptor
  • Density: 1.1±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 535.2±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 291.5±26.6 °C

Chloropyramine hydrochloride

Chloropyramine hydrochloride is a histamine receptor H1 antagonist which can also inhibit the biochemical function of VEGFR-3 and FAK.

  • CAS Number: 6170-42-9
  • MF: C16H21Cl2N3
  • MW: 326.26400
  • Catalog: Histamine Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 413.5ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 203.9ºC

SKF 83822 hydrobromide

SKF83822 hydrobromide is a potent dopamine D1 receptor agonist. SKF83822 hydrobromide activates Gs/olf/adenylyl cyclase (AC)-coupled D1 receptors, but not phospholipase C (PLC)-coupled D1-like receptors[1].

  • CAS Number: 74115-10-9
  • MF: C20H23BrClNO2
  • MW: 424.76
  • Catalog: Dopamine Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Trazodone

Trazodone (AF-1161 free base) is a serotonin receptor antagonist and reuptake inhibitor. Trazodone can be used for the research of major depressive disorder. Trazodone also has potential for sleep disorder research[1].

  • CAS Number: 19794-93-5
  • MF: C19H22ClN5O
  • MW: 371.86
  • Catalog: 5-HT Receptor
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 528.5±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 86-87ºC
  • Flash Point: 273.4±32.9 °C

NIBR 189

NIBR189 is a small molecule antagonist of the Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 2 (EBI2; GPR183) receptor with IC50 of 16 nM(Binding) and 11 nM (Functional).IC50 value: 16/11 nM(Binding/Functional IC50) [1]Target: EBI2/GPR183 antagonistNIBR189 is a potent and selective EBI2 antagonist with improved pharmacokinetic properties which will help to probe the physiological function of EBI2 in health and disease.

  • CAS Number: 1599432-08-2
  • MF: C21H21BrN2O3
  • MW: 429.30700
  • Catalog: EBI2/GPR183
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A