Nizatidine is a histamine H2 receptor antagonist with low toxicity that inhibits gastric acid secretion.Target: Histamine H2 ReceptorNizatidine, a selective histamine H2-receptor antagonist, is a potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion, with IC50 of 0.9 nM. Nizatidine exhibits maximal inhibition of gastric acid in rats within the first hour of drug administration, with EC50 of 1.383 μmol/kg [1]. Nizatidine also reversibly inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE), with IC50 of 6.7 μM, and the inhibition is noncompetitive, with a Ki value of 7.4 μM. Nizatidine (0.3-3 mg/kg, i.v.) significantly increases the motor index of gastrointestinal (GI) motility in a dose-dependent manner. Nizatidine inhibits gastric acid secretion with ED50 and ED90 of 0.18 and 3.22 mg/kg in dogs, and 2.94 and 19.6 mg/kg in rats, respectively [2].
Wy 49051 is a potent, orally active H1 receptor antagonist, with IC50 of 44 nM.
S 38093 hydrochloride is a brain-penetrant, orally active antagonist of H3 receptor, with Kis of 8.8, 1.44 and 1.2 µM for rat, mouse and human H3 receptors, respectively.
Sonelokimab (ALX 0761; M 1095) is a trivalent nanobody comprised of monovalent camelid-derived nanobodies specific to human interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-17F, and human serum albumin VHHs. Sonelokimab has the potential for plaque-type psoriasis research[1][2].
Benzyl butyl phthalate, a member of phthalic acid esters (PAEs), can trigger the migration and invasion of hemangioma (HA) cells via upregulation of Zeb1. Benzyl butyl phthalate activates aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in breast cancer cells to stimulate SPHK1/S1P/S1PR3 signaling and enhances formation of metastasis-initiating breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs)[1][2][3].
PF06650833 is an inhibitor of Interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase 4 (IRAK4), and used to treat diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and lymphomas.
ODN 20844, a guanine-modified inhibitory oligonucleotide (INH-ODN), is a TLR7 and TLR9 (Toll-like receptor) inhibitor, and its parent is INH-ODN 2088. ODN 20844 disrupts TLR7- and TLR9-mediated immune cell immune responses. ODN 20844 sequence: 5'-TCCTGGCGc7GGGAAGT-3'[1].
Tazofelone (LY 213829) is a cyclooxygenase-II (COX-II) inhibitor. Tazofelone transform into sulfoxide and quinol metabolites is primarily mediated by CYP3A. Tazofelone can be used for the research of inflammatory bowel disease[1][2].
CAY10404 is a potent and highly selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor with an IC50 of 1 nM. CAY10404 exhibits no inhibition of COX-1 (IC50>500 µM)[1]. CAY10404 is a potent inhibitor of PKB/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways and induces apoptosis in NSCLC cells. CAY10404, a diarylisoxazole, has good analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activities[2][3].
IL-17A modulator-3 (compound 253) is a IL-17A modulator. IL-17A modulator-3 inhibits IL-17A/A with an IC50 value ＜10 μM. IL-17A modulator-3 can be used for the research of inflammation, cancer and autoimmune disease[1].
Lutikizumab (ABT-981) is an anti-IL-1α and IL-1β dual variable domain immunoglobulin. Lutikizumab binds and inhibits IL-1α and IL-1β. Lutikizumab can be used for the research of osteoarthritis[1].
Asenapine citrate, an atypical antipsychotic, is an antagonist of serotonin receptors (pKi: 8.4-10.5), adrenoceptors (pKi: 8.9-9.5), dopamine receptors (pKi: 8.9-9.4) and histamine receptors (pKi: 8.2-9.0). Asenapine citrate can be used in the research of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder[1][2].
Opaganib (ABC294640) is a selective, competitive sphingosine kinase 2 (SK2) inhibitor with Ki of 9.8 μM.
Cardamonin (Cardamomin), a natural flavone isolated from Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, acts as an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activator. Cardamonin alleviates inflammatory bowel disease by the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation via an AhR/Nrf2/NQO1 pathway[1].
Nitric oxide production-IN-1（Compound 1） is a inhibitor of NO Production which isolated from Tupistra chinensis. Nitric oxide production-IN-1（Compound 1） inhibits NO production in rat abdomen macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharide[1]
Azatadine is an histamine and cholinergic inhibitor with IC50 of 6.5 nM and 10 nM, respectively.Target: Histamine ReceptorAzatadine, a new antihistamine, was evaluated for its efficacy in 20 patients with chronic allergic rhinitis. Eighty percent of patients had symptomatic relief with a twice daily dosage of 2 mg. Sedation was volunteered as a side effect by six of the patients and was admitted by two further patients after specific questioning. A choice reaction time test gave slowing of motor function in these sedated patients. Four of the previously sedated patients experienced good symptomatic control with minimal sedation when the azatadine dose was reduced to 1 mg twice daily; slowing of motor function was not observed at this, the normal recommended dose.Azatadine delays the onset of dyspnea-induced by aerosolized histamine, acetylcholine and serotonin in the conscious guinea-pig with PD50 of 0.01 mg/kg, 0.739 mg/kg and 0.86 mg/kg. Azatadine protects conscious guinea-pigs against death induced by the intravenous injection of histamine with oral PD50 of 0.009 mg/kg in guinea-pig and 0.22 mg/kg in mice.
Guaiacol-13C6 is the 13C labeled Guaiacol[1]. Guaiacol, a phenolic compound, inhibits LPS-stimulated COX-2 expression and NF-κB activation[1]. Anti-inflammatory activity[2].
SP23 is a STING protein degrader (PROTAC) based on a small-molecule STING inhibitor (C-170) and pomalidomide (a CRBN ligand), shows degradation potency with DC50 of 3.2 uM.SP23 exerted high anti-inflammatory efficacy in a cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury mouse model by modulating the STING signaling pathway.
NOC 18 is a nitric oxide donor and activates an inward current in cultured rat cerebellar granules cells. NOC 18 increases cGMP production in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells. NOC 18 reduces contractility of cardiac muscle preparations in vitro.
Ketorolac (RS37619) hemicalcium is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), acting as a nonselective COX inhibitor, with IC50s of 20 nM for COX-1 and 120 nM for COX-2. Ketorolac tromethamine is used as 0.5% ophthalmic solution for the research of allergic conjunctivitis, cystoid macular edema, intraoperative miosis, and postoperative ocular inflammation and pain. Ketorola chemicalcium is also a DDX3 inhibitor that can be used for cancer research[1][4].
TLR7/8 agonist 9 (Compound 25a) is a TLR7/8 agonist, with EC50s of 40 nM and 23 nM for hTLR7/8. TLR7/8 agonist 9 has anti-tumor activity and improves the antitumor activity of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. TLR7/8 agonist 9 can be used for research of cancer immunotherapy[1].
Diphenylpyraline is a potent histamine H1 receptor antagonist. Diphenylpyraline acts as an orally active antihistamine agent with antimuscarinic and antiallergic effects. Diphenylpyraline can be used for the research of allergic diseases, including rhinitis and hay fever, and pruritic skin disorders et.al[1].
Leukadherin-1 is a specific agonist of CR3 and the leukocyte surface integrin CD11b/CD18.
Triprolidine is an oral active, first-generation histamine H1-receptor antagonist. Triprolidine can be used for the research of allergic rhinitis. triprolidine exhibits spinal motor and sensory block in rats[1][2][3].
trans-Isoferulic acid (trans-3-Hydroxy-4-methoxycinnamic acid) is an aromatic acid isolated from the roots of Clematis florida var. plena. trans-Isoferulic acid exhibits anti-inflammatory activity[1].trans-isoferulic acid suppresses NO and PGE2 production through the induction of Nrf2-dependent heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)[2].
PF-4878691 is a potent and selective Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist.
nor-NOHA acetate is a specific and reversible arginase inhibitor, induces apoptosis in ARG2-expressing cells under hypoxia but not normoxia. Anti-leukemic activity, effective in endothelial dysfunction, immunosuppression and metabolism[1].
NOD-IN-1 is a potent mixed inhibitor of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors, NOD1 and NOD2, with IC50 of 5.74 μM and 6.45 μM, respectively.
Carebastine is the active metabolite of Ebastine. Carebastine is a histamine H1 receptor antagonist. Carebastine inhibits VEGF-induced HUVEC and HPAEC proliferation, migration and angiogenesis in a dose-dependent manner[1]. Carebastine suppresses the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor[2].
PF-0463481, an oral CCR2/5 dual antagonist, with a favorable ocular safety profile versus intravitreal therapies[1]. PF-0463481 is safe and well-tolerated and being developed for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy[2].