Edaxeterkib is a potent extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor for the research of cancer[1].
2,5-Dihydroxyacetophenone, isolated from Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, inhibits the production of inflammatory mediators in activated macrophages by blocking the ERK1/2 and NF-κB signaling pathways[1].
Aloisine A (RP107) is a a potent cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with IC50s of 0.15 μM, 0.12 μM, 0.4 μM, 0.16 μM for CDK1/cyclin B, CDK2/cyclin A, CDK2/cyclin E, CDK5/p35, respectively. Aloisine A ininhibits GSK-3α (IC50=0.5 µM) and GSK-3β (IC50=1.5 µM). Aloisine A stimulates wild-type CFTR and mutated CFTR, with submicromolar affinity by a cAMP-independent mechanism. Aloisine A has the potential for CFTR-related diseases, including cystic fibrosis research[1][2].
TAT-MEK1 is an inhibitor ofERK2, consisting of TAT and MEK1 (N-terminal), TAT (YGRKKRRQRRR) derived from human immunodeficiency (HIV-1) transcriptional trans activator (TAT), is a cell-penetrating peptide. TAT-MEK1 IC50 in vitro for ERK2 is 29 μM[1][2].
CHPG is a selective mGluR5 agonist, and attenuates SO2-induced oxidative stress and inflammation through TSG-6/NF-κB pathway in BV2 microglial cells[1]. CHPG protects against traumatic brain injury (TBI) in vitro and in vivo by activation of the ERK and Akt signaling pathways[2].
Endothelin-1 (1-31) (Human) is a potent vasoconstrictor and hypertensive agent. Endothelin-1 (1-31) (Human) is derived from the selective hydrolysis of big ET-1 by chymase[1].
Piperlongumine is a natural alkaloid isolated from Piper longum Linn[1], possesses ant-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiangiogenic, antioxidant, antitumor, and antidiabetic activities[2]. Piperlongumine induces ROS, and induces apoptosis in cancer cell lines[1]. Piperlongumine shows anti-cardiac fibrosis activity, suppresses myofibroblast transformation via suppression of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway[2].
Chicanine is a lignan compound of Schisandra chinesis, inhibits LPS-induced phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, ERK 1/2 and IκB-α, with anti-inflammatory activity[1].
mSIRK (G-Protein βγ Binding Peptide) is an cell-permeable activator of ERK1/2, with EC50 of 2.5-5 μM. mSIRK disrupts the interaction between α and βγ subunits and promotes α subunit dissociation without stimulating nucleotide exchange[1].
Patritumab (Human Anti-ERBB3 Recombinant Antibody) is a neutralizing monoclonal antibody to ERBB3. Patritumab shows a synergy with Cetuximab (HY-P9905), potently inhibits the phosphorylation of EGFR, HER2, HER3, ERK, and Akt. Patritumab also induces cell apoptosis and suppresses the growth of pancreatic, non-small cell lung cancer, and colorectal cancer xenograft tumors[1].
Muramyl dipeptide (MDP) is a synthetic immunoreactive peptide, consisting of N-acetyl muramic acid attached to a short amino acid chain of L-Ala-D-isoGln. Muramyl dipeptide is an inducer of bone formation through induction of Runx2. Muramyl dipeptide directly enhances osteoblast differentiation by up-regulating Runx2 gene expression through MAPK pathways. Muramyl dipeptide indirectly attenuates osteoclast differentiation through a decreased RANKL/OPG ratio[1].
6,8-Diprenylorobol, a prenylated isoflavone, is a nature product that could be isolated from the leaves of Cudrania tricuspidata. 6,8-Diprenylorobol antiproliferative effect and induces apoptosis through activation of p53 and generation of ROS[1][2].
EF24 is a curcumin analogue with greater anti-tumor efficacy and oral bioavailability via deactivation of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). EF24 treatment increases the levels of activated caspase 3 and 9, and decreases the phosphorylated forms of MEK1 and ERK[1][2].
ADTL-EI1712 is a potent, orally active, and selective dual-target inhibitor of ERK1 and ERK5, inhibition rates of ERK1/5 at 1 μM are 93.54% and 89.35%, respectively. ADTL-EI1712 can induce regulated cell death, a form of cell death that relies on the activation of genetically encoded machinery, to overcome compensatory mechanism in specific cancer cells in vitro and in vivo[1].
STE-MEK1(13) (Ste-MPKKKPTPIQLNP-NH?) is a cell permeable ERK1/2 inhibitor (IC50: 13-30?μM). STE-MEK1(13) inhibits ERK1/2 phosphorylation[1][2].
Nitidine chloride, a potential anti-malarial lead compound derived from Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb) DC, exerts potent anticancer activity through diverse pathways, including inducing apoptosis, inhibiting STAT3 signaling cascade, DNA topoisomerase 1 and 2A, ERK and c-Src/FAK associated signaling pathway. Nitidine chloride inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines production via MAPK and NF-kB pathway[1][2][3][4][5][6].
JWG-071 is the first reported kinase-selective chemical probe for ERK5. JWG-071 improves ERK5 activity and BRD4 selectivity. JWG-071 will be a much-needed chemical probe for deconvoluting ERK5 and BRD4 pharmacology[1].
Lidocaine-d6 (hydrochloride) is deuterium labeled Lidocaine (hydrochloride). Lidocaine hydrochloride (Lignocaine hydrochloride) inhibits sodium channels involving complex voltage and using dependence[1]. Lidocaine hydrochloride decreases growth, migration and invasion of gastric carcinoma cells via up-regulating miR-145 expression and further inactivation of MEK/ERK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Lidocaine hydrochloride is an amide derivative and a drug to treat ventricular arrhythmia and an effective tumor-inhibitor[2].
A small molecule inhibitor of guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) catalytic activity that binds to SOS1 (Kd=14.7 uM) and disrupts GEF-Ras interaction; dose-dependently disrupts the SOS1-Ras interaction by competitively inhibiting the binding of SOS1cat to GDP-bound H-Ras in a microscale thermophoresis assay; dose-dependently inhibits Ras activation and downstream ERK activation mediated through EGFR-SOS1-Ras-Raf1-MEK-ERK signaling, specifically inhibits wild-type mouse embryonic fibroblast growth but not the growth of oncogenic H-Ras(G12V)-expressing mouse embryonic fibroblasts; inhibits Ras signaling and growth of pancreatic and prostate cancer cells.
DCZ19931 is a potent multi-targeting kinase inhibitor. DCZ19931 has anti-angiogenic effects on ocular neovascularization. DCZ19931 also inhibits ERK1/2-MAPK and p38-MAPK signaling[1].
Hirsutenone is an active botanical diarylheptanoid present in Alnus species and exhibits many biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor promoting and anti-atopic dermatitis effects. Hirsutenone attenuates adipogenesis by binding directly to PI3K and ERK1 in a non-ATP competitive manner. Hirsutenone can be used for the study of obesity[1].
ERK Inhibitor II (Negative control) is an effective inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). ERK Inhibitor II (Negative control) inhibits the activation of insulin receptor, which can be used in the study of diabetes[1][2].
Methyllinderone is an inhibitor of AP-1/STAT/ERK. Methyllinderone has anti-inflammatory effect. Methyllinderone reduce the invasion and migration rate of TPA-stimulated MCF-7 cells. Methyllinderone can be used in study breast cancer metastasis[1].
Isoprocurcumenol is a guaiane type sesquiterpene, that can be isolated from Curcuma comosa. Isoprocurcumenol can activate EGFR signaling. Isoprocurcumenol increases the phosphorylation of ERK and Akt. Isoprocurcumenol promotes the proliferation of keratinocytes[1][2][3].
ERK1/2 inhibitor 9 (Probe 1) is a covalent ERK1/2 inhibitor. ERK1/2 inhibitor 9 shows sub-micromolar activity in cells (A375 GI50=0.47 μM). ERK1/2 inhibitor 9 causes the downregulation of phospho-ERK1/2. ERK1/2 inhibitor 9 tagged trans-cyclo-octene (TCO) and Tz-Thalidomide (tetrazine tagged Thalidomide) can form the corresponding ERK-CLIPTAC to elicit degradation of ERK1/2[1].
FR 180204 is an ATP-competitive, selective ERK inhibitor with Ki of 0.31 μM and 0.14 μM for ERK1 and ERK2, respectively.
ACA-28 (compound 2a) is a potent ERK MAPK signaling modulator. ACA-28 selectively inhibits cancer cell growth by inducing apoptosis with ERK hyperactivationACA-28 inhibits cell growth of melanoma cells (SK-MEL-28) and normal melanocytes (NHEM), with IC50 values of 5.3 and 10.1 μM, respectively[1].
Vitisin A has antioxidative, anticancer, antiapoptotic, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. Vitisin A inhibits LPS-induced NO and iNOS production via down-regulation of ERK1/2 and p38 and the NF-κB signal pathway. Vitisin A also inhibits adipocyte differentiation. Vitisin A is a resveratrol tetramer that can be isolated from Vitis vinifera roots[1][2][3].
Laxiflorin B, a herbal compound, is a novel selective ERK1/2 inhibitor that has antitumor activity[1].
Cearoin, isolated from Dalbergia odorifera, increases autophagy and apoptosis through the production of ROS and the activation of ERK[1].