Methylprednisolone acetate, a prednisolone derivative, is a corticosteroid hormone. Methylprednisolone acetate can relieve pain and swelling that occurs with arthritis and other joint disorders in vivo[1][2].
Pectic acid (Methyl protopectin), a polygalacturonic acid, induces cell apoptosis and necrosis in pituitary tumor cells. Pectic acid can be used in the research of cancers and autoimmune disease[2][3].
Myelin Basic Protein (MBP) (68-82), guinea pig is a fragment of myelin basic protein (MBP).
OVA G4 peptide is a variant of the agonist ovalbumin peptide SIINFEKL (OVA) (257-264). SIINFEKL is routinely used to stimulate ovalbumin-specific T cells and to test new vaccine adjuvants can form a stable hydrogel[1][2].
Nylidrin hydrochloride was an effective inhibitor of IgE-mediated release of histamine from passively sensitized rat peritoneal mast cells and human basophils, and of IgG1-mediated release of histamine from passively sensitized guinea pig lung slices.
Fusafungine (Bioparox; Fusaloyos; Locabiotal) is a potent and orally active antibiotic and anti-inflammatory agent. Fusafungine has the potential for the research of upper respiratory airways disease (URAD)[1][2].
CXCL12 ligand 1 is the first ligand of the sY12-binding pocket on chemokine CXCL12.
SP23 is a STING protein degrader (PROTAC) based on a small-molecule STING inhibitor (C-170) and pomalidomide (a CRBN ligand), shows degradation potency with DC50 of 3.2 uM.SP23 exerted high anti-inflammatory efficacy in a cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury mouse model by modulating the STING signaling pathway.
BAY-545 is a potent and selective A2B adenosine receptor antagonist, with an IC50 of 59 nM. BAY-545 also exhibits IC50s of 66, 400, 280 nM for human, mouse, rat A2B adenosine receptor in cells, respectively, and a Ki of 97 nM for human A2B adenosine receptor, with more selectivity over A1, A2A, and A3 adenosine receptor[1].
Ketorolac (RS37619) hemicalcium is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), acting as a nonselective COX inhibitor, with IC50s of 20 nM for COX-1 and 120 nM for COX-2. Ketorolac tromethamine is used as 0.5% ophthalmic solution for the research of allergic conjunctivitis, cystoid macular edema, intraoperative miosis, and postoperative ocular inflammation and pain. Ketorola chemicalcium is also a DDX3 inhibitor that can be used for cancer research[1][4].
Anti-inflammatory agent 33 is a potent p38α inhibitor. Anti-inflammatory agent 33 inhibits NO production. Anti-inflammatory agent 33 inhibits LPS-induced iNOS, COX-2, p-p38α, p-MK2 protein expression. Anti-inflammatory agent 33 shows anti-inflammatory activity[1].
Jatrorrhizine hydroxide is an alkaloid isolated from Coptis chinensis with neuroprotective, antimicrobial, antiplasmodial and antioxidant activities[1]. Jatrorrhizine hydroxide is a potent and orally active inhibitor of AChE (IC50=872 nM) over >115-fold selectivity for BuChE[2]. Jatrorrhizine hydroxide reduces uptake of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) via inhibition of uptake-2 transporters[3].
Cephalosporin C zinc salt is a potent inhibitor of SAMHD1 with an IC50 of 1.1 μM.
Deracoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, is a non-narcotic, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). IC50 Value: 70 to 150 uM(inhibition of 3 osteosarcoma cell lines) [1]Target: COXin vitro: Concentration of deracoxib required for 50% inhibition of cell viability (IC50) was reached in all 3 osteosarcoma cell lines and ranged from 70 to 150 microM, whereas the IC50 for piroxicam was only reached in the POS cell line at 500 microM. Neither deracoxib nor piroxicam induced sufficient toxicity in fibroblasts to reach an IC50. Exposure of osteosarcoma cells to cytotoxic concentrations of deracoxib and piroxicam did not result in DNA fragmentation [1]. Concomitant treatment of cells with piroxicam and deracoxib resulted in significant induction of apoptosis at lower concentrations and accumulation of cells in the G /G phase. Significant cytotoxic effects exhibited by the combination of piroxicam and deracoxib against canine mammary carcinoma cells in vitro suggest an attractive approach for the treatment of canine mammary carcinoma [2].in vivo: Perioperative administration of deracoxib to dogs at 1-2 mg/kg/day for 3 days significantly improves analgesia in the postoperative surgical period after soft tissue surgery [3]. Dogs were treated PO with deracoxib at a dosage of 3 mg/kg/d (1.36 mg/lb/d) as a single-agent treatment for TCC. Tumor response was assessed via radiography, abdominal ultrasonography, and ultrasonographic mapping of urinary bladder masses. Toxic effects of deracoxib administration in dogs were assessed through clinical observations and hematologic and biochemical analyses. 24 dogs for which tumor response was assessed, 4 (17%) had partial remission, 17 (71%) had stable disease, and 3 (13%) had progressive disease; initial response could not be assessed in 2 of 26 dogs. The median survival time was 323 days. Median time to progressive disease was 133 days. Renal, hepatic, and gastrointestinal abnormalities attributed to deracoxib administration were noted in 4% (1/26), 4% (1/26), and 19% (5/26) of dogs, respectively [4].
Diphenylpyraline is a potent histamine H1 receptor antagonist. Diphenylpyraline acts as an orally active antihistamine agent with antimuscarinic and antiallergic effects. Diphenylpyraline can be used for the research of allergic diseases, including rhinitis and hay fever, and pruritic skin disorders et.al[1].
Germination-IN-2 (compound 15) is a potent germination inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.3 µM. Germination-IN-2 shows anti-germination activity with 3% germination rate[1].
Leukadherin-1 is a specific agonist of CR3 and the leukocyte surface integrin CD11b/CD18.
Triprolidine is an oral active, first-generation histamine H1-receptor antagonist. Triprolidine can be used for the research of allergic rhinitis. triprolidine exhibits spinal motor and sensory block in rats[1][2][3].
Surfactin is a potent cyclic lipopeptide biosurfactants that mediates flux of mono-and divalent cations, such as calcium, across lipid bilayer membranes. Surfactin can act as an antimicrobial adjuvant with anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, antimycoplasma and hemolytic effects[1][2]. Surfactin also has antiviral activity against a variety of enveloped viruses[3].
KF38789 is a selective inhibitor of P-selectin-PSGL-1 binding. KF38789 inhibits the binding of U937 cells to immobilized P-selectin immunoglobulin G chimeric protein (P-selectin-Ig) with an IC50 value of 1.97 μM[1].
trans-Isoferulic acid (trans-3-Hydroxy-4-methoxycinnamic acid) is an aromatic acid isolated from the roots of Clematis florida var. plena. trans-Isoferulic acid exhibits anti-inflammatory activity[1].trans-isoferulic acid suppresses NO and PGE2 production through the induction of Nrf2-dependent heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)[2].
PF-4878691 is a potent and selective Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist.
Grifolic acid is a phenolic compound that is first extracted from the mushroom Albatrellus confluens. Grifolic acid acts as an agonist of the free fatty acid receptor (FFAR4/GPR120)[1].
nor-NOHA acetate is a specific and reversible arginase inhibitor, induces apoptosis in ARG2-expressing cells under hypoxia but not normoxia. Anti-leukemic activity, effective in endothelial dysfunction, immunosuppression and metabolism[1].
D(+)-Galactosamine (D-Galactosamine) hydrochloride, which is an established experimental toxin, primarily causes liver injury by the generation of free radicals and depletion of UTP nucleotides. D(+)-Galactosamine hydrochloride intoxication also induces renal dysfunction thus, renal failure is often associated with the end-stage of the liver damage. Lipopolysaccharide/D(+)-Galactosamine-induced acute liver injury is a known animal model of fulminant hepatic failure[1][2].
NOD-IN-1 is a potent mixed inhibitor of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors, NOD1 and NOD2, with IC50 of 5.74 μM and 6.45 μM, respectively.
Cyclo(Ala-Arg-Gly-Asp-3-aminomethylbenzoyl) is a selective RGD peptide antagonist and has the potential for Pulmonary arterial hypertensionResearch[1].
Alpha-Estradiol is a weak estrogen and a 5α-reductase inhibitor which is used as a topical medication in the treatment of androgenic alopecia.
Echinosporin (XK-213) is an antibiotic. Echinosporin can be isolated from Amycolatopsis strain. Echinosporin has antifungal activity and antitumor activity[1][2].
Naronapride (ATI-7505) is a potent prokinetic 5-HT4 receptor agonist. Naronapride can be used for gastrointestinal diseases research[1].