Catalpalactone has anti-inflammatory effect. Catalpalactone inhibits LPS-induced NO production and iNOS expression in RAW264.7 cells, and also inhibits IRF3, NF-κB, and IFN-β/STAT-1 activation. Catalpalactone also inhibits dopamine biosynthesis by reducing tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and aromatic-l-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) activities[1][2].
Barzolvolimab (CDX 0159) is a humanized anti-KIT IgG1 monoclonal antibody. Barzolvolimab specificity and potently inhibits KIT activation by SCF. Barzolvolimab can reduce skin mast cells and disease activity in chronic inducible urticaria[1].
TTP 22 is a potent CK2 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 100 nM and a Ki of 40 nM.
VTX-27 is a selective protein kinase C θ (PKC θ) inhibitor, with Kis of 0.08 nM and 16 nM for PKC θ and PKC δ.
Lorpucitinib is a Gut-Restricted JAK Inhibitor for the research of Inflammatory Bowel Disease[1].
MK-571 sodium salt is a selective, orally active leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist, with Kis of 0.22 and 2.1 nM in guinea pig and human lung membranes.
COG 133 is a fragment of Apolipoprotein E (APOE) peptide. COG 133 competes with the ApoE holoprotein for binding the LDL receptor, with potent anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. COG 133 is also a nAChR antagonist with an IC50 of 445 nM[1][2].
Anti-inflammatory agent 51 (compound 11d) is an amide/sulfonamide derivative with anti-inflammatory activities. Anti-inflammatory agent 51 inhibits NF-κB activation, has the potential for acute lung injury and ulcerative colitis research[1].
GSK143 is an orally active and highly selective spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) inhibitor with a pIC50 of 7.5. GSK143 inhibits phosphorylated Erk (pErk: pIC50=7.1)[1]. GSK143 reduces inflammation and prevents recruitment of immune cells in the intestinal muscularis in mice[2][3].
Cobitolimod sodium is a DNA oligonucleotide agonist of TLR-9 with anti-inflammatory activity. Cobitolimod sodium inhibits Th17 cells and induces anti-inflammatory FoxP3 and IL-10 expression, inhibiting the IL-17 signaling pathway[1].
BIO5192 is a selective and potent integrin α4β1 (VLA-4) inhibitor (Kd<10 pM). BIO5192 selectively binds to α4β1 (IC50=1.8 μM) over a range of other integrins. BIO5192 results in a 30-fold increase in mobilization of murine hematopoietic stem and progenitors (HSPCs) over basal levels[1][2].
Sauchinone is a diastereomeric lignan isolated from Saururus chinensis (Saururaceae). Sauchinone inhibits LPS-inducible iNOS, TNF-α and COX-2 expression through suppression of I-κBα phosphorylation and p65 nuclear translocation. Sauchinone has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity[1].
Sulfuretin inhibits the inflammatory response by suppressing the NF-κB pathway. Sulfuretin can be used for the research of allergic airway inflammation. Sulfuretin reduces oxidative stress, platelet aggregation, and mutagenesis[1]. Sulfuretin is a competitive and potent inhibitor of monophenolase and diphenolase activities with the IC50 of 13.64 μM[2].
Chlorzoxazone-13C is the 13C labeled Chlorzoxazone[1]. Chlorzoxazone is a centrally acting muscle relaxant used to treat muscle spasm and the resulting pain or discomfort[2].
Ibuproxam (G 277) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent[1].
NOS-IN-3 (Compound 9a) is a potent, selective, imidamide derived NOS inhibitor with an IC50 against iNOS of 4.6 µM, without inhibiting eNOS. NOS-IN-3 has little toxicity and can be studied in the treatment of inducible isoform involved diseases, such as septic shock[1].
Aprotinin is a bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) inhibitor which inhibits trypsin and chymotrypsin with Kis of 0.06 pM and 9 nM, respectively.
T-26c is highly potent and selective matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) inhibitor with an IC50 of 6.75 pM and more than 2600-fold selectivity over the other related metalloenzymes[1].
Neflamapimod (VX-745) is a potent and selective inhibitor of p38α, and possesses anti-inflammatory activity.
Gamma-glutamylcysteine (TFA) ((γ-glutamylcysteine (TFA)), an intermediate in glutathione (GSH) synthesis, is a dipeptide served as an essential cofactor for the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Gamma-glutamylcysteine (TFA) also upregulates the level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and reduces the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) and attenuates the changes in metalloproteinase activity in oligomeric Aβ40-treated astrocytes[1].
TP0597850 is a selective inhibitor of MMP2 (IC50=0.22 nM). TP0597850 has a long MMP2 dissociation half-life (t1/2=265 min)[1].
AZD-4818 is a potent antagonist of chemokine CCR1. AZD-4818 can be used for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [1].
Balsalazide could suppress colitis-associated carcinogenesis through modulation of IL-6/STAT3 pathway.
Tyrphostin A1(AG9) inhibits CD40L-stimulated IL-12 production in macrophage cultures and antigen-induced generation of Th1 cells.IC50 value: Target: IL-12 production inhibitorAddition of increasing concentration of A1 resulted in a dose dependent decrease of IL-12 p40, with maximal inhibition (62.5%) occurring at a dose of 10 μM. tyrphostin A1 blocks CD40L-induced translocation of NF-κB to the nucleus, and reduces the activation of IL-12 p40 gene. In vivo therapy with A1 leads to decrease in generation of myelin basic protein (MBP) specific encephalitogenic T cells. In addition, treatment of SJL/J mice with A1 results in attenuation of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) [1]. Tyrphostin A1 is a much weaker inhibitor of TK than other tyrphostins (IC50>1250 μM for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinase), and therefore often used to differentiate TK-mediated effects of tyrphostins from other non-specific effects [2].
Duvakitug is a humanized IgG1-λ2 monoclonal antibody targeting to TNFSF15/TL1A. Duvakitug' main expression system is CHOK1SV cells endogenously expressing glutamine synthetase (GS). Duvakitug can be used in the study of Crohn's Disease (CD)[1][2].
ATPγS (tetralithium salt) is a substrate for the nucleotide hydrolysis and RNA unwinding activities of eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4A[1].
Halofuginone hydrobromide (RU-19110 hydrobromide) is a less-toxic form of Febrifugine, which is isolated from the plant Dichroa febrifuga[1]. Halofuginone inhibits prolyl-tRNA synthetase in an ATP-dependent manner with a Ki of 18.3 nM[2]. Halofuginone attenuates osteoarthritis (OA) by inhibition of TGF-β activity[3].
BMS-1166 is a potent PD-1/PD-L1 interaction inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.4 nM.
bpV(phen) is a potent protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) and PTEN inhibitor with IC50s of 38 nM, 343 nM and 920 nM for PTEN, PTP-β and PTP-1B. bpV(phen) is an insulin-mimetic agent following insulin-receptor tyrosine kinase hyperphosphorylation and activation. bpV(phen) activates HIV-1 transcription and replication via NF-κB-dependent and independent mechanisms. bpV(phen) inhibits proliferation of the protozoan parasite Leishmania in vitro. bpV(phen) strongly induces the secretion of a large number of chemokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and it activates a Th1-type pathway (IL-12, IFNγ). bpV(phen) can also induce cell apoptosis, and has anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor activity[1][2][3][4][5].
Coenzyme Q0 (CoQ0) is a potent, oral active ubiquinone compound can be derived from Antrodia cinnamomea. Coenzyme Q0 induces apoptosis and autophagy, suppresses of HER-2/AKT/mTOR signaling to potentiate the apoptosis and autophagy mechanisms. Coenzyme Q0 regulates NFκB/AP-1 activation and enhances Nrf2 stabilization in attenuation of inflammation and redox imbalance. Coenzyme Q0 has anti-angiogenic activity through downregulation of MMP-9/NF-κB and upregulation of HO-1 signaling[1][2][3].